No Improvement in Sprint Performance With a Neuromuscular Fitted Dental Splint

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Fischer ◽  
Daniel Weber ◽  
Ralph Beneke
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Power Peak ◽  
Mouth Guards ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Dental Injuries

Mouth guards protect against orofacial and dental injuries in sports. However, special fitted dental splints have been claimed to improve strength and speed and, therefore, to enhance athletic performance.Purpose:To test the effects of a neuromuscular fitted dental splint in comparison with a habitual verticalizing splint and a no-splint condition on cycling sprint performance in the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT).Methods:Twenty-three men (26.0 ± 2.0 y, 1.82 ± 0.06 m, 79.4 ± 7.7 kg) performed 3 WAnTs, 1 with the neuromuscular fitted splint, 1 with a habitual verticalized dental splint of the same height and material, and 1 under control conditions without any mouth guard, in randomized order separated by 1 wk.Results:No differences between any splint conditions were found in any aspect of WAnT performance (time to peak power, peak power, minimum power, power drop, and average power). Moderate to nearly perfect correlations between all splint conditions in all WAnT outcomes with coefficients of variation between 1.3% and 6.6% were found.Conclusions:Irrespective of habitual verticalization or myocentric positioning, dental splints have no effects on any aspect of WAnT performance. Results are comparable to those of test–retest experiments.

scholarly journals Effect of Starting Cadence on Sprint-Performance Indices in Friction-Loaded Cycle Ergometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel L. Wright ◽  
Dan M. Wood ◽  
David V.B. James
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Cycle Ergometry ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Direct Measurement Method

The aims of the study were to investigate whether starting cadence had an effect on 10-s sprint-performance indices in friction-loaded cycle ergometry and to investigate the influence of method of power determination. In a counterbalanced order, 12 men and 12 women performed three 10-s sprints using a stationary (0 rev/min), moderate (60 rev/min), and high (120 rev/min) starting cadence Calculated performance indices were peak power, cadence at peak power, time to peak power, and work to peak power. When the uncorrected method of power determination was applied, there was a main effect for starting cadence in female participants for peak power (stationary 635 ± 183.7 W, moderate 615.4 ± 168.9 W and high 798.4 ± 120.1 W) and cadence at peak power (89.8 ± 2.3 rev/min, 87.9 ± 21.5 rev/min, and 113.1 ± 12.5 rev/min). For both the uncorrected and directly measured methods of power determination in men and women, there was a main effect for starting cadence for time to peak power and work to peak power. In women, for an uncorrected method of power determination, it can be concluded that starting cadence does affect peak power and cadence at peak power. This effect is, however, negated by a direct-measurement method of power determination. In men and women, for both uncorrected and directly measured methods o power determination, time to peak power and work to peak power were affected by starting cadence. Therefore, a higher-cadence start is unsuitable, particularly when sprint-performance indices are determined from an uncorrected method.

Short-Term Power Output in 9-Year-Old Children: Typical Error between Ergometers and Protocols

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Williams ◽  
Eric Doré ◽  
James Alban ◽  
Emmanuel Van Praagh
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Pedal Rate ◽  
Cycle Ergometers ◽  
Power Peak ◽  
S Peak

This study investigated the differences in short-term power output (STPO) using three different cycle ergometers in 9-year-old children. A total of 31 children participated in three cycle ergometer sprint tests of 20 s duration: a modified friction braked Monark, a modified friction braked Ergomeca cycle ergometer, and a SRM isokinetic ergometer. Common indices of peak and mean power, peak pedal rate, time to peak power, and pedal rate were recorded. Indices of peak power 1 s for the Monark, Ergomeca and SRM ergometer were found to be 299 ± 55, 294 ± 55, 297 ± 53 W and mean power 20 s to be 223 ± 40, 227 ± 43 and 216 ± 34 W, respectively. The time to peak power was found to be 3 ± 2, 6 ± 2, 5 ± 3 s, respectively. The standard error of measurement was lower in mean 20-s power compared to 1-s peak power. Despite instrumentation and protocol differences these results demonstrate reproducibility in 9-year-old children that will allow researchers confidence in comparing STPO data obtained from different ergometers.

scholarly journals Design and Performance Analysis of Low Power High Speed 4x4 CNTFET Binary Content Addressable Memory Array

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5962-5965
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Low Power ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Content Addressable Memory ◽  
Power Peak ◽  
And Performance

In this paper, Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET) based Binary Content Addressable Memory (BCAM) array is presented. The CAM array comprises of address decoders, encoders, data drivers and BCAM cells. Performance analysis is carried for 4X4 BCAM array. Each BCAM cell is designed based on adiabatic logic with optimum CNTFET parameter for low power and high speed applications. The performance of proposed BCAM array is analyzed for average power, peak power and search delay. The proposed CNTFET based BCAM array show improvement in the performance compared to that of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) based BCAM array. The average power and peak power of the proposed 4x4 CNTFET BCAM array are in the range of micro watt (µW) while it is in the range of milli watt (mW) for CMOS based BCAM array. The search delay of the proposed 4X4 CNTFET BCAM array is improved by 32.3% compared to that of CMOS based BCAM array. All simulations are conducted for both CNTFET and CMOS based BCAM cells, BCAM array in HSPICE at 32 nm technology.

scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF THE ASSESSMENT OF ANAEROBIC CAPACITY IN COMBAT ATHLETES

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
F Zotova ◽  
F Mavliev ◽  
A Nazarenko ◽  
I Zemlenukhin ◽  
O Razzhivin
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Arm Ergometer ◽  
Shoulder Girdle Muscles ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Flexion And Extension

Aim. The article deals with the assessment of anaerobic capacity in wrestlers depending on wrestling style and morphological indicators. Materials and methods. 33 male wrestlers participated in the experiment. All participants are apparently healthy people at the moment of the study and have their sports grades (from 1st grade to the Master of Sport). The test was conducted with the Monark 891E arm ergometer (Switzerland). The following parameters were obtained during the experiment: peak power (W), average power (W), time to peak power (ms). Results. Power was assessed with an arm ergometer. This power is mostly achieved by the muscles responsible for arm flexion and extension in the shoulder joint and, to a lesser extent, by the biceps and triceps responsible for flexion and extension in the elbow joint. This statement is based on the correlations between the peak power, average power, and chest circumference, which look as following: r = 0.58 ± 0.019 (р = 0.0006) and r = 0.68 ± 0.15 (р < 0.0001). At the same time, shoulder circumference is less correlated with power, while chest circumference correlates with the average power in a more pronounced way than body weight does (r = 0.68 ± 0.15 against r = 0.58 ± 0.19, at р = 0.049 – one-way analysis). Therefore, in wrestlers, it is necessary to take into account chest circumference, which will allow predicting the potential power of the locomotion connected with the shoulder girdle (in case if the test is adjusted to a specific wrestling style), as well as  the degree of shoulder girdle muscles development and training as one of the important predictors of successful combat. Conclusion. There are statistically significant correlations between the morphological indicators of wrestlers and their power. This can be used for the assessment of motor qualities depending on chest circumference, shoulder circumference, and skin-fat folds. It will be helpful for estimating a potential power and the efficiency of the training process as one of the main predictors of successful combat, especially at the first stages of multiyear training.

Reliability of Wingate Testing in Adolescents with Down Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Guerra ◽  
Maria Giné-Garriga ◽  
Bo Fernhall
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) has not been used to assess individuals with Down syndrome (DS) and it is unknown if it is reliable in this population. We investigated the reliability of the WAnT in 19 adolescents with DS (age = 14.8 yrs; weight = 52.7 kg; height = 146.3 cm). Participants completed, on separate days, two standards WAnT using a resistance of 0.7 Nm × body weight (kg) in individuals ≥ 14 years old, and 0.5 Nm × body weight (kg) in participants < 14 years of age. Data were analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), dependent t tests and Bland-Altman plots. There was a significant difference between days for peak power (210.37 W vs. 236.26 W; ICC = 0.93), but not for mean power (158.72 vs. 168.71 W; ICC = 0.86), time to peak power (6.67 vs. 6.28 s; ICC = 0.69), or the fatigue index (9.33 vs. 5.43 W/sec; ICC = 0.09). Adolescents with DS exhibit low WAnT performance compared with previously published data on adolescents without DS and the reliability of WAnT is questionable in this population.

scholarly journals An Eye-Safe, SBS-Free Coherent Fiber Laser LIDAR Transmitter with Millijoule Energy and High Average Power

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mehmetcan Akbulut ◽  
Leonid Kotov ◽  
Kort Wiersma ◽  
Jie Zong ◽  
Maohe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Current System ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Average Power ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Short Length ◽  
High Average Power

We report on an eye-safe, transform-limited, millijoule energy, and high average power fiber laser. The high gain and short length of the NP phosphate-glass fibers enable the SBS-free operation with kW level peak power. The output energy is up to 1.3 mJ, and the average power is up to 23 W at an 18 kHz repetition rate with 600 ns pulses (peak power > 2.1 kW). The PER is ≈16 dB and the M2 of the beam is 1.33 × 1.18. The coherent LIDAR Figure Of Merit (FOM) is 174 mJ*sqrt(Hz), which to our knowledge is the highest reported for a fiber laser. We also report 0.75 mJ energy and >3.7 kW peak power with down to 200 ns pulses and up to 1.21 mJ energy with a 3–5 kHz repetition rate operation of the current system.

A Comparison of Asynchronous and Synchronous Arm Cranking During the Wingate Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale I. Lovell ◽  
Dale Mason ◽  
Elias Delphinus ◽  
Chris McLellan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Wingate Test ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Arm Cranking ◽  
Minimum Power ◽  
Time To Peak

Purpose:The aim of this study was to compare asynchronous (AS Y) arm cranking (cranks at 180° relative to each other) with synchronous (SYN) arm cranking (parallel crank setting) during the 30 s Wingate anaerobic test.Methods:Thirty-two physically active men (aged 22.1 ± 2.4 y) completed two Wingate tests (one ASY and one SYN) separated by 4 d in a randomized counterbalanced order. The Wingate tests were completed on a modified electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer. Performance measures assessed during the two tests include peak power, mean power, minimum power, time to peak power, rate to fatigue and maximum cadence (RPMmax). Blood lactate concentration was also measured before and 5 min after the tests.Results:Peak and mean power (both absolute and relative to body weight) during SYN arm cranking were significantly (p < 0.001) less than during ASY arm cranking. Rate to fatigue and RPMmax were also significantly (p = 0.012) lower during SYN arm cranking compared with ASY arm cranking. No significant difference was found between test conditions for minimum power, time to peak power or blood lactate concentration.Conclusions:These findings demonstrate that ASY arm cranking results in higher peak and mean anaerobic power compared with SYN arm cranking during the Wingate test. Therefore, an ASY arm crank configuration should be used to assess anaerobic power in most individuals although specific population groups may require further testing to determine which crank configuration is most suitable for the Wingate test.

5 Examination of the relationship between changes in workload and changes in loaded countermovement jump during a rugby union season

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (16) ◽  
pp. 941.3-942
Author(s):  
Rob Strong ◽  
Daniel West ◽  
Joe Kupsarevic
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Flight Season ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe loaded countermovement jump (CMJ) is a variation on the normal CMJ (bodyweight-only), used routinely in sport settings as a measure of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF). Although commonplace, the CMJ variables that are most sensitive to NMF remain somewhat unclear.PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between changes in workload and changes in the loaded CMJ; specifically, to determine its suitability for assessment of NMF.MethodsEighteen professional rugby union players performed loaded CMJ tests on seven occasions over the course of thirteen weeks, during an English top-flight season. Eight CMJ variables were measured, assessing different aspects of the CMJ. Workload was measured by GPS total distance and was the sum of the previous week’s data, recorded in on-field training and match-play. Spearman’s rank-order correlations were calculated to identify the relationship between changes in workload and changes in loaded CMJ variables.ResultsNo significant relationships were found between loaded CMJ variables and workload with no lag or workload lagged one week. Significant relationships were found between workload lagged 2 weeks and flight time/contact time (FT-CT; rs=-0.35; p=0.04) and time to peak power (TtPP; rs=0.35; p=0.05).ConclusionThis study suggests loaded CMJ is not a suitable test to monitor acute changes to NMF. However, results also indicate that FT-CT and TtPP, are associated with changes in workload lagged 2-weeks. Therefore, certain CMJ variables may prove useful to help prescribe alterations to athlete training plans following periods of heavy workload.

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