Comparison of Frontal and Transverse Plane Kinematics Related to Knee Injury in Novice Versus Experienced Female Runners

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kathryn Harrison ◽  
Adam Sima ◽  
Ronald Zernicke ◽  
Benjamin J. Darter ◽  
Mary Shall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Position Angle ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Joint Coordination ◽  
Ankle Motion ◽  
Knee Abduction ◽  
Experienced Female

Novice runners experience a higher incidence of knee injury than experienced runners, which may be related to aberrant frontal and transverse plane kinematics. However, differences in kinematics between novice and experienced runners have not been fully explored. For this study, 10 novice and 10 experienced female runners ran on a treadmill at 2.68 m/s. Ankle, knee, and hip joint angles during the stance phase were measured using a 3-dimensional motion capture system and modeled using cubic splines. Spline models were compared between groups using a generalized linear model (α = .05). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals of the difference between joint angles throughout stance were constructed to identify specific periods of stance where groups differed in joint position. Angle–angle diagrams of ankle and hip position in the frontal and transverse planes were constructed to depict joint coordination. Novice runners displayed less hip adduction, but greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation compared to experienced runners. Differences in knee joint position may be explained by coordination of hip and ankle motion. Greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation displayed by novice runners compared with experienced runners may help to explain their higher risk for injury.

scholarly journals Running Readiness Scale as an assessment of kinematics related to knee injury in female novice runners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Harrison ◽  
D.S. Blaise Williams ◽  
Benjamin J. Darter ◽  
Adam Sima ◽  
Ron Zernicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Knee Abduction

Abstract CONTEXT Frontal and transverse plane kinematics were prospectively identified as risk factors for running-related injuries in females. The Running Readiness Scale (RRS) may allow for clinical evaluation of these kinematics. OBJECTIVES To assess reliability and validity of the RRS as an assessment of frontal and transverse plane running kinematics. DESIGN Cross-sectional SETTING University research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS 56 female novice runners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 3D kinematics were collected during running and RRS tasks: hopping, plank, step-ups, single-leg squats, and wall-sit. RRS performances were assessed by 5 assessors, 3 times each. Inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of total RRS score and individual tasks were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient and Fleiss kappa, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients between peak joint angles measured during running and the same angles measured during RRS tasks were calculated. Peak joint angles of high vs. low scoring participants were compared. RESULTS Inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of assessment of the total RRS scores were good. Reliability of the assessment of individual tasks were moderate to almost perfect. Peak hip adduction, pelvic drop, and knee abduction during running were correlated with the same angles measured during hopping, step-ups, and single-leg squats (r=0.537–0.939). Peak knee internal rotation during running was correlated with peak knee internal rotation during step-ups (r=0.831). Runners who scored high on the RRS demonstrated less knee abduction during running. CONCLUSIONS The RRS may be an effective evaluation of knee abduction in novice runners, but evaluation criteria or tasks may need to be modified for effective assessment of pelvis and transverse plane knee kinematics.

Lower Extremity Joint Moments of Collegiate Soccer Players Differ between Genders during a Forward Jump

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Hart ◽  
J. Craig Garrison ◽  
Riann Palmieri-Smith ◽  
D. Casey Kerrigan ◽  
Christopher D. Ingersoll
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Joint Moments ◽  
Heel Contact ◽  
Hip Internal Rotation

Context:Lower extremity kinetics while performing a single-leg forward jump landing may help explain gender biased risk for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury.Objective:Gender comparison of lower extremity joint angles and moments.Design:Static groups comparison.Setting:Motion analysis laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:8 male and 8 female varsity, collegiate soccer athletes.Intervention:5 single-leg landings from a 100cm forward jump.Main Outcome Measures:Peak and initial contact external joint moments and joint angles of the ankle, knee, and hip.Results:At initial heel contact, males exhibited a adduction moment whereas females exhibited a abduction moment at the hip. Females also had significantly less peak hip extension moment and significantly less peak hip internal rotation moment than males had. Females exhibited greater knee adduction and hip internal rotation angles than men did.Conclusions:When decelerating from a forward jump, gender differences exist in forces acting at the hip.

scholarly journals Can the use of proprioceptive knee braces have implications in the management of osteoarthritic knees: An exploratory study

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq A Kwaees ◽  
Jim Richards ◽  
Gill Rawlinson ◽  
Charalambos Panayiotou Charalambous ◽  
Ambreen Chohan
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Outcome Score ◽  
Knee Braces ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Healthy Participants

Background: Use of proprioceptive knee braces to control symptomology by altering neuromuscular control mechanisms has been shown in patellofemoral pain. Although their potential in patients with knee osteoarthritis is vast, little research has examined their efficacy. Objectives: This study examines the effect of a proprioceptive knee brace on lower limb kinematics and kinetics in healthy participants and in participants with OA. Methods: Thirteen healthy participants were asked to perform a 10-cm step-down task with and without a proprioceptive brace. Data were collected using a 10-camera Qualisys system. Individuals with osteoarthritis completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score before and after 4 weeks of intervention. Results: During step-down reductions in knee maximum internal rotation, transverse range of movement, transverse plane angular velocity and maximum internal rotation angular velocity was seen. Ankle plantar flexion and inversion angular velocity decreased while inversion and maximum supination angular velocity increased. Improvements in Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score were noted across all parameters with brace use. Conclusion: Positive changes in kinematic variables in multiple planes can be achieved with proprioceptive bracing alongside improved patient outcome. These changes occur at the knee but analysis of other weight bearing joints should not be overlooked in future studies. This study supports the concept of neuromuscular reinforcement and re-education through proprioceptive bracing and its application in the management in knee osteoarthritis. Clinical relevance Proprioception can alter symptoms and biomechanics embraced and adjacent lower limb joints. The results of this study highlights the potential uses of non-mechanical bracing in the treatment of osteoarthritis and other potential to bridge the osteoarthritis treatment gap. Furthermore, large-scale research is needed to match disease subset to brace type.

Optimizing Whole-Body Kinematics During Single-Leg Jump Landing to Reduce Peak Abduction/Adduction and Internal Rotation Knee Moments: Implications for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dhruv Gupta ◽  
Jeffrey A. Reinbolt ◽  
Cyril J. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Jump Landing ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Knee Abduction ◽  
Acl Injury Risk ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Knee abduction/adduction moment and knee internal rotation moment are known surrogate measures of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) load during tasks like sidestepping and single-leg landing. Previous experimental literature has shown that a variety of kinematic strategies are associated or correlated with ACL injury risk; however, the optimal kinematic strategies needed to reduce peak knee moments and ACL injury are not well understood. To understand the complex, multifaceted kinematic factors underpinning ACL injury risk and to optimize kinematics to prevent the ACL injury, a musculoskeletal modeling and simulation experimental design was used. A 14-segment, 37-degree-of-freedom, dynamically consistent skeletal model driven by force/torque actuators was used to simulate whole-body single-leg jump landing kinematics. Using the residual reduction algorithm in OpenSim, whole-body kinematics were optimized to reduce the peak knee abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation moments simultaneously. This optimization was repeated across 30 single-leg jump landing trials from 10 participants. The general optimal kinematic strategy was to bring the knee to a more neutral alignment in the transverse plane and frontal plane (featured by reduced hip adduction angle and increased knee adduction angle). This optimized whole-body kinematic strategy significantly reduced the peak knee abduction/adduction and internal rotation moments, transferring most of the knee load to the hip.

scholarly journals Can foot angle influence the risk of injury to the lower limb joints during a field hockey hit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000568
Author(s):  
Frances E Feeley ◽  
Graham P Arnold ◽  
Sadiq Nasir ◽  
Weijie W Wang ◽  
Rami Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Foot Position

ObjectivesThe lower limb is widely reported as the most commonly injured body part in the field of hockey, more specifically lateral ankle sprains and internal knee injury. Despite this, there remains limited understanding of how the biomechanics of the sport could be adapted to minimise injury. The aim of this study was to propose a foot position during the hockey hit that results in the smallest joint angles and moments, from a total of four different foot positions: 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, which may correlate to injury risk.MethodEighteen players from the local University Ladies Hockey Club participated in this study. Each player was required to perform a hit with their lead foot in four different positions: 0°, 30°, 60° and 90°, where 0° was a lead foot position perpendicular to the direction of motion of the ball. Angles and moments were calculated with the Vicon system using force plates and motion analysis.ResultsSignificant differences (p<0.05) were found between the angles and moments of the four foot positions tested, indicating that foot angle can influence the degree of angulation, and moments, produced in the lower limb joints during the hockey hit.ConclusionThere is a relationship between lead foot position and the angles and moments produced in the lower limb joints during the hockey hit, and this may correlate with injury risk.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Risk Factors of Knee Injury During Drop-Jump Landing With Core-related Measurements in Amature Basketball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Guo ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Motor Control ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Variance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between specific aspects of core stability and knee injury risk factors during drop-jump (DJ) landing.Methods: Eighteen college-aged male amateur basketball players participated in the project. Kinetic and kinematic data for DJ tasks were collected with force plates and infrared cameras. Raw data were processed to calculate knee joint angles and joint moments during DJ landing. Different components of core stability were represented by the sit-ups in 20 s (SU), trunk extensor endurance, trunk flexion and extension range of motion, dominant extremity single-leg stance time (DLS), and dominant extremity single-leg hop distance, respectively.Methods: Correlation and regression were used to determine the relationship between jumping-related biomechanical parameters and core stability components.Results: SU shared significant variance with the peak moment of knee extension (PMKE, p &lt; 0.05), the peak moment of knee abduction (PMKA, p &lt; 0.05), and the angle of knee internal rotation at initial contact (AKRI, p &lt; 0.05). DLS shared significant variance with the angular motion of knee internal rotation (AMKR, p &lt; 0.05) and the AKRI (p &lt; 0.01). SU and DLS together could explain 52% of the variance observed in the AKRI, and the result was significant.Conclusion: Core stability’s strength and motor control aspects played an essential role in preventing knee injury during DJ landing. An integrative training program addressing core strength and motor control could be considered for coaches and athletes to prevent knee injury through core training and conditioning.

scholarly journals Effect of CAM boot immobilization on weightbearing stability in syndesmotic injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0030
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Lamer ◽  
Vincent Dube ◽  
Jonah Hebert-Davies ◽  
Leduc Stephane ◽  
Jeremie Menard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Nonoperative Treatment ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Ankle Motion ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference

Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Ankle injuries are one of the most frequent traumas of the lower limb. They typically involve the lower lateral ligaments of the ankle, but the syndesmosis is also affected in up to 18% of cases. The degree of instability of syndesmotic joint depends on which ligaments are affected. Adequate management of syndesmotic injuries is crucial to avoid long term complications. The primary goal of our study was to evaluate the effect of simulated weightbearing on syndesmotic instability resulting from isolated AiTFL injury and from combined AiTFL/IOL injuries. The secondary goal was to evaluate the effect of a controlled ankle motion walking boot on syndesmosis stability following injury. We hypothesized that the CAM boot would prevent significant instability even in two ligaments injuries. Methods: Ten cadaveric specimens were dissected to expose the syndesmosis to create progressive iatrogenic syndesmosis ruptures. Uninjured syndesmoses were compared to isolated AiTFL and combined AiTFL/IOL ruptures. The specimens were fitted in a custom-made device to allow stabilization of the leg and apply a reproducible axial load (AL) of 750 N, equivalent to the weight of a 168-pound person. For each specimen and injury pattern, CT-scan images were obtained with and without AL, and with a CAM boot under AL. Distal tibio-fibular relationship was evaluated in three planes using a previously validated measurement system developed on CT. Wilcoxon tests for paired samples and non-parametric data were done to compare the different conditions. Results: For our first objective, when comparing ankles with isolated AiTFL to combined AiTFL/IOL rupture with and without AL, the only significant difference was an increase in internal rotation between the incisura and a line drawn in the axis of the fibula. Even with minimal statistical differences, it appears that axial loading does not impact syndesmotic stability apart from a slight increase in internal rotation with a single or two-ligament injury. As for our second end point, with the CAM orthopedic boot, no significant widening of the syndesmosis happened when either one or both ligaments were sectioned, in an axial loading state. We therefore confirmed our hypothesis that even with two syndesmotic ligament injuries, axial loading in a CAM boot does not affect distal tibio-fibular anatomy. Conclusion: This study reveals that weight bearing without rotational force does not affect the stability of the syndesmosis. Incomplete syndesmotic injuries can likely be treated with nonoperative treatment in a CAM boot and weight bearing as tolerated. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Sport Specialization and Coordination Differences in Multisport Adolescent Female Basketball, Soccer, and Volleyball Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1105-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. DiCesare ◽  
Alicia Montalvo ◽  
Kim D. Barber Foss ◽  
Staci M. Thomas ◽  
Timothy E. Hewett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Knee Abduction ◽  
Hip Flexion

Context Early sport specialization, or the participation in 1 sport year-round to the exclusion of all others, is a growing concern in youth athletics because of its possible association with musculoskeletal injury. The underlying injury risk may be the result of coordination differences that sport-specialized athletes have been speculated to exhibit relative to multisport athletes; however, little evidence exists to support or refute this notion. Objective To examine relative hip- and knee-joint angular-motion variability among adolescent sport-specialized and multisport female adolescent athletes to determine how sport specialization may affect coordination. Design Cohort study. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants A total of 366 sport-specialized and 366 multisport adolescent female basketball, soccer, and volleyball players. Intervention(s) Drop–vertical-jump (DVJ) assessment. Main Outcome Measure(s) Average coupling-angle variability (CAV) for hip flexion and knee flexion, knee flexion and ankle flexion, hip flexion and knee abduction, knee flexion and knee abduction, knee flexion and knee internal rotation, and knee abduction and knee internal rotation. Results The sport-specialized group exhibited increased coupling variability in dominant-limb hip flexion and knee flexion (P = .015), knee flexion and knee abduction (P = .014), and knee flexion and knee internal rotation (P = .048) while landing during the DVJ, although they had small effect sizes (η2 = 0.010, 0.010, and 0.007, respectively). No differences were present between groups for any of the other CAV measures of the dominant limb, and no differences were found for any CAV measures of the nondominant limb (all P values &gt; .05). Conclusions Sport specialization was associated with increased variability of critical hip- and knee-joint couplings responsible for effective landing during the DVJ. Altered coordination strategies that involve the hip and knee joints may underlie unstable landings, inefficient force-absorption strategies, or greater contact forces that can place the lower extremities at risk for injury (or a combination of these).

scholarly journals Effects of Transverse and Frontal Plane Knee Laxity on Hip and Knee Neuromechanics during Drop Landings

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1821-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra J. Shultz ◽  
Randy J. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Knee Laxity ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Ligament Injury ◽  
Drop Jump ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Background Varus-valgus (LAXVV) and internal-external (LAXIER) rotational knee laxity have received attention as potential contributing factors in anterior cruciate ligament injury. This study compared persons with above- and below-average LAXVV and LAXIER values on hip and knee neuromechanics during drop jump landings. Hypothesis People with greater LAXVV and LAXIER values will have greater challenges controlling frontal and transverse plane knee motions, as evidenced by greater joint excursions, joint moments, and muscle activation levels during the landing phase. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Recreationally active participants (52 women and 44 men) between 18 and 30 years old were measured for LAXVV and LAXIER and for their muscle activation and transverse and frontal plane hip and knee kinetics and kinematics during the initial landing phase of a drop jump. The mean value was obtained for each sex, and those with above-average values on LAXVV and LAXIER (LAXHIGH = 17 women, 16 men) were compared with those with below-average values (LAXLOW = 18 women, 17 men). Results Women with LAXHIGH verus LAXLOW were initially positioned in greater hip adduction and knee valgus and also produced more prolonged internal hip adduction and knee varus moments as they moved toward greater hip adduction and internal rotation as the landing progressed. These patterns in LAX HIGH women were accompanied by greater prelanding and postlanding muscle activation amplitudes. Men with LAXHIGH versus LAXLOW also demonstrated greater hip adduction motion and produced greater internal hip internal rotation and knee varus and internal rotation moments. Conclusion Participants with greater LAXVV and LAXIER landed with greater hip and knee transverse and frontal plane hip and knee motions. Clinical Relevance People (especially, women) with increased frontal and transverse plane knee laxity demonstrate motions associated with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury mechanisms.

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