Running Readiness Scale as an assessment of kinematics related to knee injury in female novice runners

Abstract CONTEXT Frontal and transverse plane kinematics were prospectively identified as risk factors for running-related injuries in females. The Running Readiness Scale (RRS) may allow for clinical evaluation of these kinematics. OBJECTIVES To assess reliability and validity of the RRS as an assessment of frontal and transverse plane running kinematics. DESIGN Cross-sectional SETTING University research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS 56 female novice runners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 3D kinematics were collected during running and RRS tasks: hopping, plank, step-ups, single-leg squats, and wall-sit. RRS performances were assessed by 5 assessors, 3 times each. Inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of total RRS score and individual tasks were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient and Fleiss kappa, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients between peak joint angles measured during running and the same angles measured during RRS tasks were calculated. Peak joint angles of high vs. low scoring participants were compared. RESULTS Inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of assessment of the total RRS scores were good. Reliability of the assessment of individual tasks were moderate to almost perfect. Peak hip adduction, pelvic drop, and knee abduction during running were correlated with the same angles measured during hopping, step-ups, and single-leg squats (r=0.537–0.939). Peak knee internal rotation during running was correlated with peak knee internal rotation during step-ups (r=0.831). Runners who scored high on the RRS demonstrated less knee abduction during running. CONCLUSIONS The RRS may be an effective evaluation of knee abduction in novice runners, but evaluation criteria or tasks may need to be modified for effective assessment of pelvis and transverse plane knee kinematics.

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Comparison of Frontal and Transverse Plane Kinematics Related to Knee Injury in Novice Versus Experienced Female Runners

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.2020-0140 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Kathryn Harrison ◽

Adam Sima ◽

Ronald Zernicke ◽

Benjamin J. Darter ◽

Mary Shall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Knee Injury ◽

Position Angle ◽

Transverse Plane ◽

Joint Position ◽

Joint Angles ◽

Joint Coordination ◽

Ankle Motion ◽

Knee Abduction ◽

Experienced Female

Novice runners experience a higher incidence of knee injury than experienced runners, which may be related to aberrant frontal and transverse plane kinematics. However, differences in kinematics between novice and experienced runners have not been fully explored. For this study, 10 novice and 10 experienced female runners ran on a treadmill at 2.68 m/s. Ankle, knee, and hip joint angles during the stance phase were measured using a 3-dimensional motion capture system and modeled using cubic splines. Spline models were compared between groups using a generalized linear model (α = .05). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals of the difference between joint angles throughout stance were constructed to identify specific periods of stance where groups differed in joint position. Angle–angle diagrams of ankle and hip position in the frontal and transverse planes were constructed to depict joint coordination. Novice runners displayed less hip adduction, but greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation compared to experienced runners. Differences in knee joint position may be explained by coordination of hip and ankle motion. Greater knee abduction and knee internal rotation displayed by novice runners compared with experienced runners may help to explain their higher risk for injury.

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Reliability and validity of the Indonesian version of the aging males’ symptoms

Medical Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.13181/mji.oa.215314 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 211-4

Author(s):

Dyandra Parikesit ◽

Miftah Adityagama ◽

Widi Atmoko ◽

Ponco Birowo ◽

Akmal Taher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pearson Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cronbach's Alpha ◽

Pearson Correlation Test ◽

Aging Males Symptoms

BACKGROUND Aging males’ symptoms (AMS) scale was developed to study the problems of aging males, especially related to the quality of life. Currently, there is no valid and reliable Indonesian version of the AMS scale. This study was aimed to translate and evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the AMS scale. METHODS This cross-sectional study translated the existing AMS scale into Indonesian, which was tested in 40 years old males from May to August 2020. Cross-cultural validation of the AMS scale was conducted by translating the questionnaire from English to Indonesian by two independent-certified translators. The validity of the Indonesian version of the AMS scale was measured by conducting a Pearson correlation (r) analysis. The reliability of this questionnaire was tested and retested in 118 participants with a 2-week interval. In addition, Cronbach’s alpha value was measured and used as a reference. The first test was conducted in a corporate blood donor event in Matraman, East Jakarta, and the retest was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. RESULTS The Indonesian version of the AMS scale was valid and had a good internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.74. The test-retest reliability showed good reliability with an r-value of 0.981. Pearson correlation test showed that all questions in the questionnaire were valid (p<0.05) and correlated positively. CONCLUSIONS The Indonesian version of the AMS scale derived from this study is valid and has good reliability.

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Reliability and Validity of the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (Thai Version) in Patients with Rhinitis

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand ◽

10.35755/jmedassocthai.2021.07.12899 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 104 (7) ◽

pp. 1199-1203

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nasal Symptom ◽

Coefficient Alpha ◽

Skin Tests ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Allergic Rhinitis

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT) (Thai version) in patients with rhinitis. Materials and Methods: This is a questionnaire-based research, cross-sectional study. The researchers had asked permission from the developer to translate the RCAT into Thai language based on the international standard of translation method. Validity test was evaluated by the expert looking at the items in the questionnaire and agreeing that the test is a valid measure of the concept. Fifty patients with allergic and non-allergic rhinitis were recruited into the present study and completed the RCAT, total nasal symptom scores (TNSS) and skin tests were measured at the same time. Cronbach’s coefficient alpha and Pearson correlation were evaluated for its reliability. Results: The RCAT (Thai version) have a good reliability and validity with Cronbach’s coefficient alpha 0.73 and Pearson correlation 0.74 in correlation analysis with TNSS (p<0.01). The aspect of content validity was evaluated by three specialists, and they agreed to all six questions of RCAT (Thai version). Conclusion: The researchers have demonstrated that the RCAT (Thai version) have a good reliability and validity and is suitable for clinical application to evaluate the rhinitis symptoms. Keywords: Rhinitis; Allergic rhinitis; Non-allergic rhinitis; RCAT

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Reliability and Validity of Three Instruments for Measuring Implant Stability Quotient

10.20944/preprints202007.0457.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Monica Blazquez-Hinarejos ◽

Constanza Saka-Herrán ◽

Victor Diez-Alonso ◽

Jose Lopez-Lopez ◽

Raúl Ayuso‐Montero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

The Other ◽

Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽

Implant Stability ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Implant Stability Quotient

Background: Actually, resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is the most extended method for measuring implant stability. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) is the measure obtained by the different RFA devices, however, inter- and intra- rater reliability and validity of some devices remains unknown. Methods: Thirty implants were placed in 3 different pig mandibles. ISQ was measured axial and parallel with Osstell® Beacon, Penguin® and MegaISQ® by 2 different operators and one operator performed a test-retest. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to assess the intra- and inter-rater reliability. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the validity. Results: The higher inter- and intra- rater reliability was obtained by Penguin® when measuring axial. The highest ISQ values were obtained using Penguin® in an axial measurement; the lowest, using the MegaISQ® in an axial measurement. The highest correlation values with the other devices were obtained by MegaISQ® measuring axially. Conclusion: Penguin® had a good reliability for measuring ISQ both inter- and intra- rater. Osstell® had good validity for measuring ISQ both axial and parallel and MegaISQ® had the best validity for measuring ISQ axial.

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The Patient’s Denture Assessment (Thai version) is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating the outcome of treatment with complete denture

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01405-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sahaprom Namano ◽

Orapin Komin

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Complete Denture ◽

Care Clinic ◽

Geriatric Dentistry ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Denture Treatment

Abstract Background Complete tooth losses are still being major problems which resulted in lesser quality of life especially for elderly patients. However, there are still lack of questionnaire to evaluate the treatment outcome from the patient’s aspect. The objective of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Patient’s Denture Assessment-Thai version (PDA-T), then use this questionnaire to assess patient satisfaction with complete denture treatment outcome also investigates the factors involving their satisfaction. Methods The subjects comprised 120 edentulous adult patients (49 men/71 women; average age 70 years-old) from the Prosthodontic and the Geriatric Dentistry and Special Patients Care Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University during 2019 March‒2020 March. The patients were divided into two groups: the group experienced (Exper) (n = 54) with wearing complete dentures, and the non-experienced (NonExper) group (n = 66). The patients used the validated PDA-T to self-assess their treatment at different times. The Exper group completed the questionnaire at t0 (during treatment), t0.5 (2‒8-weeks after t0), and t1 (final follow-up). The NonExper group completed the questionnaire only at t1. Results In the Exper group, Cronbach’s α and average inter-item correlation was 0.95 (range 0.76‒0.95) and 0.47 (range 0.57‒0.83), respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients (n = 18, 95% confidence interval) were 0.98 overall. The paired t-test (p < 0.05) between t0 and t1 indicated a significant difference between t0 and t1 in every PDA-T topic, and the effect size was 1.71. In the NonExper group, the Pearson correlation analysis indicated no significant correlation between the patients' demographics and masticatory function. Conclusion The reliability and validity of the PDA-T indicate it is a valuable tool for evaluating complete denture treatment. Treatment success affected the patients' satisfaction but was not associated with the type of doctors, genders, ages, or educational level.

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A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.715640 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yunru Liao ◽

Zhenlan Yang ◽

Zijing Li ◽

Rui Zeng ◽

Jing Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Agreement ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽

Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽

The Mean

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the measuring consistency of central refraction between multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and autorefractometry.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including subjects in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, ages 20 to 35 years with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All patients underwent cycloplegia, and the refractive status was estimated with autorefractometer, experienced optometrist and MRT. We analyzed the central refraction of the autorefractometer and MRT. The repeatability and reproducibility of values measured using both devices were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: A total of 145 subjects ages 20 to 35 (290 eyes) were enrolled. The mean central refraction of the autorefractometer was −4.69 ± 2.64 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75 D), while the mean central refraction of MRT was −4.49 ± 2.61 diopters (D) (range −8.79 to +5.02 D). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the two devices. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) also showed high agreement. The intrarater and interrater ICC values of central refraction were more than 0.90 in both devices and conditions. At the same time, the mean central refraction of experienced optometrist was −4.74 ± 2.66 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75D). The intra-class correlation coefficient of central refraction measured by MRT and subjective refraction was 0.939.Conclusions: Results revealed that autorefractometry, experienced optometrist and MRT show high agreement in measuring central refraction. MRT could provide a potential objective method to assess peripheral refraction.

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Optimizing Whole-Body Kinematics During Single-Leg Jump Landing to Reduce Peak Abduction/Adduction and Internal Rotation Knee Moments: Implications for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.2020-0407 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Dhruv Gupta ◽

Jeffrey A. Reinbolt ◽

Cyril J. Donnelly

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Acl Injury ◽

Whole Body ◽

Jump Landing ◽

Peak Knee ◽

Knee Abduction ◽

Acl Injury Risk ◽

Anterior Cruciate

Knee abduction/adduction moment and knee internal rotation moment are known surrogate measures of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) load during tasks like sidestepping and single-leg landing. Previous experimental literature has shown that a variety of kinematic strategies are associated or correlated with ACL injury risk; however, the optimal kinematic strategies needed to reduce peak knee moments and ACL injury are not well understood. To understand the complex, multifaceted kinematic factors underpinning ACL injury risk and to optimize kinematics to prevent the ACL injury, a musculoskeletal modeling and simulation experimental design was used. A 14-segment, 37-degree-of-freedom, dynamically consistent skeletal model driven by force/torque actuators was used to simulate whole-body single-leg jump landing kinematics. Using the residual reduction algorithm in OpenSim, whole-body kinematics were optimized to reduce the peak knee abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation moments simultaneously. This optimization was repeated across 30 single-leg jump landing trials from 10 participants. The general optimal kinematic strategy was to bring the knee to a more neutral alignment in the transverse plane and frontal plane (featured by reduced hip adduction angle and increased knee adduction angle). This optimized whole-body kinematic strategy significantly reduced the peak knee abduction/adduction and internal rotation moments, transferring most of the knee load to the hip.

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Validity of a New 3-D Motion Analysis Tool for the Assessment of Knee, Hip and Spine Joint Angles during the Single Leg Squat

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20164539 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (16) ◽

pp. 4539

Author(s):

Igor Tak ◽

Willem-Paul Wiertz ◽

Maarten Barendrecht ◽

Rob Langhout

Keyword(s):

Sagittal Plane ◽

Frontal Plane ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Joint Angles ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Peak Knee ◽

Passive Tracking ◽

Single Leg Squat ◽

University Laboratory

Aim: Study concurrent validity of a new sensor-based 3D motion capture (MoCap) tool to register knee, hip and spine joint angles during the single leg squat. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Forty-four physically active (Tegner ≥ 5) subjects (age 22.8 (±3.3)) Main outcome measures: Sagittal and frontal plane trunk, hip and knee angles at peak knee flexion. The sensor-based system consisted of 4 active (triaxial accelerometric, gyroscopic and geomagnetic) sensors wirelessly connected with an iPad. A conventional passive tracking 3D MoCap (OptiTrack) system served as gold standard. Results: All sagittal plane measurement correlations observed were very strong for the knee and hip (r = 0.929–0.988, p < 0.001). For sagittal plane spine assessment, the correlations were moderate (r = 0.708–0.728, p < 0.001). Frontal plane measurement correlations were moderate in size for the hip (ρ = 0.646–0.818, p < 0.001) and spine (ρ = 0.613–0.827, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The 3-D MoCap tool has good to excellent criterion validity for sagittal and frontal plane angles occurring in the knee, hip and spine during the single leg squat. This allows bringing this type of easily accessible MoCap technology outside laboratory settings.

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Development and validation of Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733018791325 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (7-8) ◽

pp. 2438-2455 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olivia Numminen ◽

Jouko Katajisto ◽

Helena Leino-Kilpi

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Moral Courage ◽

Face Validity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Moral Competence ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample

Background: Moral courage is required at all levels of nursing. However, there is a need for development of instruments to measure nurses’ moral courage. Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a scale to measure nurses’ self-assessed moral courage, to evaluate the scale’s psychometric properties, and to briefly describe the current level of nurses’ self-assessed moral courage and associated socio-demographic factors. Research design: In this methodological study, non-experimental, cross-sectional exploratory design was applied. The data were collected using Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale and analysed statistically. Participants and research context: The data were collected from a convenience sample of 482 nurses from four different clinical fields in a major university hospital in Finland for the final testing of the scale. The pilot comprised a convenience sample of 129 nurses. Ethical considerations: The study followed good scientific inquiry guidelines. Ethical approval was obtained from the university ethics committee and permission to conduct the study from the participating hospital. Findings: Psychometric evaluation showed that the 4-sub-scale, 21-item Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale demonstrates good reliability and validity at its current state of development showing a good level of internal consistency for a new scale, the internal consistency values ranging from 0.73 to 0.82 for sub-scales and 0.93 for the total scale, thus well exceeding the recommended Cronbach’s alpha value of >0.7. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported the theoretical construct of Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale. Face validity and expert panel assessments markedly contributed to the relevance of items in establishing content validity. Discussion and conclusion: Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale provides a new generic instrument intended for measuring nurses’ self-assessed moral courage. Recognizing the importance of moral courage as a part of nurses’ moral competence and its assessment offers possibilities to develop interventions and educational programs for enhancement of moral courage. Research should focus on further validation measures of Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale in international contexts.

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The Workplace Support for Health Scale: Reliability and Validity of a Brief Scale to Measure Employee Perceptions of Wellness

American Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/0890117120949807 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 089011712094980

Author(s):

Christine M. Kava ◽

Debbie Passey ◽

Jeffrey R. Harris ◽

Kwun C. Gary Chan ◽

Peggy A. Hannon

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Workplace Support ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Scale Reliability

Purpose: To examine the reliability and validity of a brief measure (the Workplace Support for Health [WSH] scale) to assess employees’ perceived support for a healthy lifestyle. Design: Repeated cross-sectional surveys. Setting: We collected employer- and employee-level survey data from small, low-wage workplaces in King County, WA enrolled in a randomized controlled trial. Sample: We analyzed data from 68 workplaces that had 2,820 and 2,640 employees complete surveys at baseline and 15 months, respectively. Measures: The WSH scale consisted of five items. To assess validity, we examined associations between the WSH scale and employer implementation of evidence-based interventions for health promotion, employee self-rated health, and job satisfaction. Analysis: We performed an exploratory factor analysis to assess the unidimensionality of the WSH scale items, and produced Cronbach’s alpha coefficients to examine scale reliability. We ran regression models using generalized estimating equations to examine validity. Results: The factor analysis indicated one factor, which accounted for 59% of the total variance in the workplace support for health items. The scale had good reliability at baseline (α = 0.82) and 15 months (α = 0.83). Employer evidence-based intervention implementation was positively associated with WSH. WSH was also associated with higher self-rated health and job satisfaction. These associations indicate good concurrent validity. Conclusion: The WSH scale is a reliable and valid measure of perceived workplace support for health. Employers can use the scale to identify gaps in support and create a plan for improvement.

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