Physical Activity as a Predictor of Health and Disability in 75- and 80-Year-Old Men and Women: A Five-Year Longitudinal Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Laukkanen ◽  
Markku Kauppinen ◽  
Eino Heikkinen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Physical Activity Counseling ◽  
Baseline Status ◽  
Old Men

Identifying predictors of functional limitations among the elderly is essential for planning and implementing appropriate preventive services. The purpose of this prospective study was to examine baseline physical activity as a predictor of health and functional ability outcomes 5 years later in people age 75 and 80 years at baseline. A clear trend was observed: The more physically active subjects had better health and functional ability compared to their more sedentary counterparts. After controlling for the baseline status, the degree of physical activity did not predict future disability but still maintained its predictive role at the level of disease severity. It is suggested that the level of habitual physical activity is an important predictor of health and functional ability among elderly people. Presumably, however, there is a reciprocal causal relationship between physical activity and health in elderly people. Physical activity counseling should therefore be included in preventive health strategies for the elderly.

scholarly journals The Importance of Physical Activity in the Interaction of Motor and Cognitive Functions in Elderly People

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (118) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Vida Janina Česnaitienė ◽  
Zbigniew Ossowski ◽  
Diana Karanauskienė ◽  
Gabrielė Auškalnyte ◽  
Ema Grigėnaitytė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. It is predicted that in 2060, the number of elderly people in Lithuania (62 and over years of age) will be 31.2% (Tamutienė & Naujanienė, 2013). The maintenance of stable posture requires particular attention because it gets more difficult to sustain it while doing multiple moves at the same time when you are getting older (Woo, Davids, Liukkonen, Chow, & Jaakkola, 2017). The aim of the study was to determine the importance of physical activity for the interplay of motor and cognitive functions in elderly people. Methods. Evaluation of static equilibrium by posturographic method, evaluation of cognitive functions, statistical analysis. Results. The results of the physically active and inactive research subjects were statistically significant (p = .043) in memory task with the eyes closed and in a simple position. A statistically significant difference in the sway velocity (Vsc) between the physical activity groups with eyes closed in simple position was also observed (p = .044). Double task with eyes closed resulted in worse balance performance. Conclusions. 1. Physical activity did not affect the motor function of the elderly. There were no differences between the physically active and inactive subjects in the assessed behavioral indices. 2. Physical activity did not affect the cognitive functions of the elderly. All elderly subjects were equally mistaken in their cognitive memory task. 3. The motor functions of the physically active elderly are controlled statistically significantly better when performing additional cognitive tasks than those of the physically inactive ones. Keywords: balance, elderly, physical activity.

Forms of physical activity of the elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Piotr Czarnecki ◽  
◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Lidia Perenc ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Key Phrases ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Physical activity is known to be an important factor influencing health throughout human life. This issue has become crucial for public health due to the aging of the population in both developed and developing countries. Aim. is to present a literature review on the forms of physical activity undertaken by the elderly, as well as on issues related to physical activity and the population aging. Material and methods. The study was prepared on the basis of a review of Polish and foreign literature. The following databases and data sources were used: EBSCO, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. An additional source of data were the websites of the Central Statistical Office. Strictly defined key phrases were used during the collection of literature. The work has been divided into thematic subsections on the aging of the society, the impact of physical activity on health and the main topic, i.e. forms of physical activity selected by the elderly. Analysis of the literature. The number of elderly people in Polish society has increased by almost 3.7 million over three decades. Therefore, an important topic is prophylaxis aimed at increasing the number of days in good health, largely covering the broadly understood activation of the elderly. The available data indicate that only 12% of elderly people undertake physical activity once a week. The most common form of spending free time actively is walking (as many as 73% of people in this population declare this form of physical activity in one of the presented studies). Conclusion. Organized forms of physical activity are undertaken much less frequently by the analyzed age group mainly due to financial limitations and limited availability of sports infrastructure.

Mixed methods-onderzoek om beweging en slaap van ouderen in kaart te brengen

KWALON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Vanderlinden ◽  
Sabine Lambers ◽  
Reninka De Koker ◽  
Liza Musch
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Know How ◽  
Measuring Methods

Mixed methods to measure movement and sleep in the elderly Movement and sleep are both crucial for the elderly in terms of healthy ageing. Staying physically active as people age is positively associated with better sleep and health outcomes. But despite the growing attention to healthy ageing, the elderly don’t always keep up with the applicable guidelines in terms of movement. Furthermore, health workers don’t always know how to measure movement and sleep in elderly in order to advise and help them to better adhere to guidelines. Literature lacks a summary of accessible objective and subjective ways to measure movement and sleep in the elderly. This study combines both objective and subjective measuring methods and elaborates on the practical aspects of their use. This paper highlights the advantages of mixed methods when measuring movement and sleep in elderly people and aims to inform health workers who want to evaluate their patients’ movement and sleep in order to guide them towards a healthier lifestyle.

Physical activity and cognitive impairment among the elderly in some districts of Ha Nam province in 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Hai Van ◽  
Dao Anh Son ◽  
Pham Quang Thai
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference

The study was conducted on 1,210 elderly people (aged 60 and older) with the purpose of understanding physical activity and cognitive impairment among elderly people in some districts of Ha Nam province in 2018. The results showed that the percentage of elderly people with symptoms of cognitive impairment was high, accounting for 46.36%. There was a significant difference between the rate of cognitive impairment of the group who exercised frequently (41.92%) and that of the group who did not exercise (51.62%) (p<0.05). Compared to the Non-exercise group, the risks of cognitive impairment of group exercise 15 - 45 minutes/week (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51 - 0.93); group exercise 45 - 90 minute/week group (OR = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.84) and group exercise Over 90 minutes/week (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.27 - 0.67) were all significantly lower. The more time the research subjects exercise, the lower their risk of developing cognitive impairment became. Our finding suggests that physical activities may delay or prevent the onset of cognitive impairment in elderly people. It is necessary to expand research, continue to apply the cognitive screening test based on international standards, while guiding and encouraging elderly people to carry out physical activities according to their capabilities and international recommendations.

scholarly journals FACTORS LINKED TO THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Alisson Padilha de Lima ◽  
Ezequiel Vitório Lini ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
Marlene Doring ◽  
Fabrício Bruno Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.

scholarly journals Adverse Childhood Experiences, Depressive Symptoms, Functional Dependence, and Physical Activity: A Moderated Mediation Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 790-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu P. Boisgontier ◽  
Dan Orsholits ◽  
Martina von Arx ◽  
Stefan Sieber ◽  
Matthew W. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Background: Adverse childhood experiences, depressive symptoms, and functional dependence are interrelated. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear. The authors investigated the potential of depressive symptoms to mediate the effect of adverse childhood experiences on functional dependence in older age and whether physical activity moderated this mediation. Method: Data from 25,775 adults aged 62 (9) years from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe were used in adjusted linear mixed-effects models to test whether depressive symptoms mediated the associations between adverse childhood experiences and functional dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) and whether physical activity moderated these mediations. Results: The results showed a graded association between the number of adverse childhood experiences (0 vs 1 and 0 vs ≥2) and the number of functional limitations in both ADL (bs = 0.040 and 0.067) and IADL (bs = 0.046 and 0.076). These associations were mediated by depressive symptoms. Physical activity reduced the effect of adverse childhood experiences on depressive symptoms (bs = −0.179 and −0.515) and tempered the effect of depressive symptoms on functional dependence both in ADL (b = −0.073) and IADL (b = −0.100). As a result of these reductions, the effect of adverse childhood experiences and depressive symptoms on functional dependence in ADL (Ps > .081) and IADL (Ps > .528) was nonsignificant in physically active participants. Conclusions: These findings suggest that, after age 50, engaging in physical activity more than once a week protects functional independence from the detrimental effects of adverse childhood experiences and depression. In inactive individuals, the detrimental effects of adverse childhood experiences on functional dependence are mediated by depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF SELECTED TESTS USED TO ASSESS THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF ELDERLY

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 1697-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Sobiech ◽  
Maciej Kochman ◽  
Małgorzata Drelich ◽  
Tomasz Blicharski ◽  
Mirosław Jabłoński
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
The World

Physical activity is one of the most important element of a healthy lifestyle and determinant of the physical and mental health. According to the WHO, limited physical activity is the fourth most common premature deaths risk factor in the world. Regular sport and active recreation is very important for our health. Physical exercise is the most effective method used by physiotherapists to prevent and slow down the aging process of the body, and consequently, diseases of elderly, such as: osteoporosis, injuries caused by falls, diabetes or hypertension. Physical activity has a positive effect on the quality of life and cognitive functions of elderly. People over 65 years constitute about 40-50% of people who require specialist medical care in the world. Therefore, health and medical professionals dealing with preventive healthcare and treatment of elderly people should have basic knowledge in geriatric rehabilitation, as well as to be able to plan suitable physiotherapy program adequate to the needs of older people. To assess the functional status of the patient, as well as the effectiveness of the training, various types of functional tests are used, specially designed for the elderly. These tests are based on the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (COG) considering the state of health, physical and mental fitness as well as socio-environmental conditions. The physiotherapeutic program should be based on functional training involving the entire human body, i.e. nervous, muscular, skeletal, sensory and balance systems.

scholarly journals The effect of age on distribution and symptomatology of craniomandibular dysfunction

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Dubravka Markovic ◽  
Milica Jeremic-Knezevic ◽  
Bojana Milekic ◽  
Daniela Djurovic-Koprivica
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Congenital Disorders ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Craniomandibular Dysfunction ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Frequent Presence

Craniomandibular dysfunction is very common disorder of the oral and facial system and therefore a significant problem in dental practice. The etiology of this disorder is very complex and variable including congenital disorders and developmental abnormalities, traumas in the area of face and jaw, unbalanced occlusion, systemic and local diseases or psychogenic factors. The symptoms can be very different and vary in intensity and duration from person to person, often are in correlation with other oral para-functions. The intensity of symptoms is usually associated with gender or age of the patients. Elderly population is particularly interesting because these changes occur in addition to atrophic and degenerative changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ), multiple teeth loss, present dentures, limitation of physical activity and others. Research conducted in many European countries have shown that the pain in TMJ is one of the most dominate symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction and it often occurs in males. However, it is not easy to prove more frequent presence of dysfunction in the elderly people.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Giustino ◽  
Anna Maria Parroco ◽  
Antonio Gennaro ◽  
Giuseppe Musumeci ◽  
Antonio Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Italian government has adopted containment measures to control the virus’s spread, including limitations to the practice of physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of PA, expressed as energy expenditure (MET–minute/week), among the physically active Sicilian population before and during the last seven days of the COVID-19 quarantine. Furthermore, the relation between this parameter and specific demographic and anthropometric variables was analyzed. Methods: 802 Sicilian physically active participants (mean age: 32.27 ± 12.81 years; BMI: 23.44 ± 3.33 kg/m2) were included in the study and grouped based on gender, age and BMI. An adapted version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—short form (IPAQ-SF) was administered to the participants through an online survey. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test were used for statistical analyses. Results: As expected, we observed a significant decrease of the total weekly energy expenditure during the COVID-19 quarantine (p < 0.001). A significant variation in the MET–min/wk in the before quarantine condition (p = 0.046) and in the difference between before and during quarantine (p = 0.009) was found for males and females. The male group decreased the PA level more than the female one. Moreover, a significant difference in the MET–min/wk was found among groups distributions of BMI (p < 0.001, during quarantine) and of age (p < 0.001, both before and during quarantine). In particular, the highest and the lowest levels of PA were reported by the young and the elderly, respectively, both before and during quarantine. Finally, the overweight group showed the lowest level of PA during quarantine. Conclusion: Based on our outcomes, we can determine that the current quarantine has negatively affected the practice of PA, with greater impacts among males and overweight subjects. In regards to different age groups, the young, young adults and adults were more affected than senior adults and the elderly.

scholarly journals Relationship between Physical Activity Level and Depression of Elderly People Living Alone

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4051
Author(s):  
Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Background and objectives: Only a few studies analyzed the physical activity level of elderly people living alone in local communities and evaluated the relationship between it and mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between regular physical activity and depression in the elderly living alone and to provide basic data for the prevention of depression in the elderly. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 256 elderly people living alone aged 65 years or older who completed the 2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression was defined as a score of 10 or higher using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). This study investigated walking per week, days of muscular strength exercise performance in the past 1 week, days of flexibility exercise in the past 1 week, mean hours in a sitting position per day, the numbers of days and hours conducting a high intensity physical activity in the past 1 week, and numbers of days and hours conducting a medium intensity physical activity in the past 1 week to define physical activity. Our study presented prevalence odds ratios (pOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) by using complex sample logistic regression analysis in order to identify the relationship between physical activity and depression. Results: The results of complex sample logistic regression analysis showed that flexibility exercise was significantly related to depression (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the mean hours in a sitting position per day, aerobic physical activity, walking, and muscular strength exercise were not significantly related to geriatric depression. Conclusions: The results of our study implied that persistent flexibility exercise might be more effective to maintain a healthy mental status than muscular strength exercise. A longitudinal study is required to prove the causal relationship between physical activity and depression in the old age.

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