Combined Physical Activity/Sedentary Behavior Associations With Indices of Adiposity in 8- to 10-Year-Old Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katya M. Herman ◽  
Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽  
Catherine M. Sabiston ◽  
Marie-Eve Mathieu ◽  
Angelo Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Objectively Measured

Objective:Individuals may achieve high physical activity (PA) yet also be highly sedentary (SED). This study assessed adiposity in children classified by PA/SED groups.Methods:Participants were 520 8- to 10-year-old children with ≥ 1 obese parent. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and SED were measured by accelerometer, and screen-time was measured by self-report. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), and VO2peak were objectively measured; energy intake was measured by dietary recall. Elevated adiposity was defined as BMI ≥ 85th percentile, WC ≥ 90th percentile, BF% ≥ 85th percentile, or waist-to-height ratio (WHR) ≥ 0.5.Results:Up to 27% of boys and 15% of girls were active/SED. Adiposity was lowest for active/non-SED, highest for inactive/SED, and intermediate and similar for active/SED and inactive/non-SED. Using 60 min/d MVPA and 2 h/d screen-time cut-offs, prevalence ranges for elevated adiposity in the active/non-SED, active/SED, inactive/non-SED, and inactive/SED groups were 0% to 14%, 15% to 44%, 16% to 40%, and 32% to 51%, respectively. Corresponding odds and 95% confidence intervals of being overweight/obese for the latter groups were 3.8 (95% CI, 1.7−8.4), 3.8 (1.8−8.2), and 4.9 (2.3−10.3) versus active/non-SED. PA/SED-adiposity associations were mediated by fitness but not energy intake.Conclusions:Combined PA/SED levels are strongly associated with adiposity in children, but associations are mediated by fitness. Active children who accumulate >2 h/d of screen time and inactive children are equally likely to be overweight/obese.

scholarly journals Breakfast consumption and physical activity in British adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Corder ◽  
E. M. F. van Sluijs ◽  
R. M. Steele ◽  
A. M. Stephen ◽  
V. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
The Relationship

Studies show an inverse relationship between breakfast frequency and weight gain. This may reflect poor eating habits generally and associated low physical activity (PA) or direct impacts of breakfast on mechanisms leading to lethargy and reduced PA. The relationship between breakfast frequency and PA is inconclusive. We aimed to determine whether breakfast frequency is associated with PA levels in British adolescents independent of body composition and socio-economic status (SES). Habitual breakfast frequency (self-report questionnaire) was assessed in 877 adolescents (43 % male, age 14·5 (sd 0·5) years old). PA was measured over 5 d (accelerometry, average counts/min; cpm). Associations between daily PA and breakfast frequency were assessed using linear regression adjusted for body fat percentage and SES. Effect modification by sex and associations with PA during the morning (06.00–12.00 hours) were explored. For boys, there were no significant associations between breakfast frequency and PA. For girls, less frequent breakfast consumption was significantly associated with lower PA (cpm) during the morning (occasional v. frequent β − 6·1 (95 % CI − 11·1, − 1·1), P = 0·017) when adjusted for body fat percentage and SES. There were no associations between PA and breakfast consumption over the whole day; however, for girls, less frequent breakfast consumption may be associated with lower PA levels during the morning, suggesting that breakfast consumption should perhaps be taken into consideration when aiming to promote PA in adolescent girls.

scholarly journals Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome among Malaysian Government Employees

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Huei Phing ◽  
Hazizi Abu Saad ◽  
Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof ◽  
Mohd Nasir Mohd Taib
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome comprises a collection of cardiovascular disease risks, which has been demonstrated to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome is a crucial health concern in Malaysia, with a prevalence of about 42.5% in the general population based on the ‘Harmonized’ definition. The aim of this study was to ascertain the association between socioeconomic status among Malaysian government employees with metabolic syndrome, compared with those without metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, this study also aimed to ascertain the associated obesity indicators for metabolic syndrome among employees—explicitly body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, fat mass index, and waist-to-height ratio. Methods: This cross-sectional study was undertaken at government agencies in Putrajaya, Malaysia, via multi-stage random sampling. A total of 675 government employees were randomly sampled from a list of 3,173 government employees working in five government agencies under five geographical areas. Data on socioeconomic status, anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical assessments were collected. Results: Employees who were males had higher metabolic syndrome prevalence compared to their counterparts (p=0.019). In addition, employees aged between 20 to younger than 30 years had lowest metabolic syndrome prevalence (p=0.002). The risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost 10 times more likely in men with a waist-to-hip ratio of ≥0.90 compared to men with a waist-to-hip ratio of <0.90 (p<0.001). Women with a waist-to-hip ratio of ≥0.85 were approximately 33 times more likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to women with waist-tohip ratios of <0.85 (p<0.001). Men with a waist circumference of ≥90 cm were approximately twice as likely to have metabolic syndrome, compared to men with waist circumferences of <90 cm (p=0.030). The risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost three times more likely in women with a waist circumference of ≥80 cm compared to women with waist circumferences of <80 cm (p<0.001). Furthermore, the risk of having metabolic syndrome was almost five times more likely in women with fat mass indexes in Quartile 4 (≥7.93), compared to women with fat mass indexes in Quartile 1 (<5.25) [p<0.001]. On the other hand, men with waist-to-height ratios of <0.445 were 75% less likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to men with waist-to-height ratios of ≥0.625 (p=0.020). Women with waist-to-height ratios of 0.445 to <0.525 were 95% less likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to women with waist-to-height ratios of ≥0.625 (p<0.001). In addition, women with waist-to-height ratios of 0.525 to <0.625 were 77% less likely to have metabolic syndrome as compared to women with waist-to-height ratios of ≥0.625 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Gender and age were associated with metabolic syndrome prevalence. Waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio seems to be the better obesity indicators to predict the presence of metabolic syndrome than body mass index and body fat percentage in both men and women.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Habits and Well-Being among 6-Year-Old Children: The “Improving Umbrian Kids’ Healthy Lifestyle”, an Uncontrolled Pilot Study Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6067
Author(s):  
Roberto Pippi ◽  
Livia Buratta ◽  
Alessandro Germani ◽  
Carmine Giuseppe Fanelli ◽  
Claudia Mazzeschi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
School Based ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

There is evidence that promoting physical activity programs and decreasing sedentary behavior is a potential strategy for improving health-outcomes, peer relationships and social/emotional well-being in at-risk youth. The World Health Organization recommends enhancing physical education and school-based programs with multi-component and evidence-based assessment methodology. In Umbria (Italy) an uncontrolled pilot study project referred to as “Improving Umbrian kids’ healthy lifestyle” was implemented as a systemic school-based intervention directed at 6-year-old primary school children. The intervention applied a consolidated assessment methodology developed by the C.U.R.I.A.Mo. and Eurobis projects that inserted two hours per week of physical education activity into the school curriculum, structured and supervised by specialists with Exercise and Sport Science degrees, for eight months (from October to June) of the school year. We measured anthropometric values (BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio index) with objective tools. Moreover, we evaluated physical performance variables (speed, strength, and flexibility) using standard tests. Additionally, self-report measures (measured physical activity during the week, sedentary habits, and psychological well-being) were assessed using validated questionnaires. We observed a significant decrease in waist to height ratio, and improvements in physical performance values and self-report questionnaire measures. Our study suggests that the promotion of physical activity in the school setting is likely to result in physically, mentally, and psycho-socially healthier primary-school-age children.

scholarly journals Meal habits and anthropometric indicators in adolescents from public and private schools of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Mara Lima DE CNOP ◽  
Luana Silva MONTEIRO ◽  
Paulo Rogério Melo RODRIGUES ◽  
Camilla Chermont Prochnik ESTIMA ◽  
Gloria Valeria da VEIGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Consumption Profile ◽  
Meal Consumption

ABSTRACT Objective To describe meal consumption habits and assess their associations with anthropometric indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 1,749 elementary and high school students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (mean age=15.3 years), who were selected for the baseline of the Longitudinal Study for Nutritional Assessment of Adolescents. Meal habits and meals consumed in the company of parents were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The consumption of the main meals was categorized as regular (daily) or irregular (≤6 times a week). The meal consumption profile was considered either satisfactory (breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumed on a daily basis) or unsatisfactory. Body Mass Index, waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage were calculated. The association between meal consumption habits and anthropometric indicators was estimated using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for age and sex and stratified according to the type of school. Results Regular lunch consumption was more frequent among private schools students, who also had higher frequency of eating dinner irregularly. Among students from private schools, the unsatisfactory meal consumption profile and irregular meal habits were associated with being overweight, having a high waist-to-height ratio, and increased body fat percentage. Among students from public schools, it was observed association between being overweight with irregular breakfast habits. Conclusion In adolescents, the association between meal habits and weight status may be modulated by socioeconomic condition.

scholarly journals The Associations between Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Adiposity in Asian Adolescents: The Asia-Fit Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Hui ◽  
Ru Zhang ◽  
Koya Suzuki ◽  
Hisashi Naito ◽  
Govindasamy Balasekaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Asian Adolescents

Abstract Background: To prevent adolescent obesity, recent research suggests that physical activity (PA), recreational screen-time, and sleep duration are codependent behaviours that being in a movement behaviour continuum in a 24-hour period. Yet, it is unknown about compliance with the 24-hour movement guidelines in Asian adolescents, and how these movement behaviours collectively affect overweight and obesity in adolescents. The purposes of this study were to compare compliance with the 24-movement guidelines in Asian adolescents, as well as to examine the association between meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines and body fat percentage. Methods: A sample of 12,590 adolescents aged 13.63 (± 1.01) years from eight Asian metropolitan cities including Bangkok (Thailand), Hong Kong SAR, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Seoul (South Korea), Shanghai (China), Singapore, Taipei (Taiwan), and Tokyo (Japan) participated this study. The adolescents were asked to complete an interviewer-administered questionnaire to assess moderate-to-vigorous PA, recreational screen-time, sleep duration, and covariates. Adolescent’s body fat percentage was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis.Results: Findings show that a small proportion of Asian adolescents met the independent or combined guidelines of PA, recreational screen-time, and sleep duration. In addition, number of the guideline being met and combinations of the guidelines being met differed across the eight cities. Adjusting for covariates, we observed a negative association between number of the guidelines being met and body fat percent in Asian adolescents. In addition, meeting only the sleep duration guideline and both the physical activity and sleep duration guidelines had negative associations with body fat percentage compared with no guidelines being met.Conclusions: The current study was the first to evaluate compliance with the 24-hour movement guidelines in Asia-wide adolescents. Given only 1%-3% adolescents met all three movement guidelines, global strategies are needed to promote healthy lifestyles in adolescents. This study also provides primary evidence on the association between compliance with the 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity in adolescents. Prospective follow-up studies are warranted to gain better insights into the compliance with 24-hour movement guidelines and the related health outcomes to contribute to the growth of evidence in this area.

scholarly journals FTO gene variant and association with overweight in Brazilian male students

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
José Fernando Vila Nova de Moraes ◽  
Orlando Laitano ◽  
Marcelo Magalhães Sales ◽  
Ricardo Yukio Asano ◽  
Vinícius Carolino de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n3p259 Obesity is considered a disease with multiple etiologies. Recent advances in technology have pointed candidate genes that are related to weight gain in several populations. However, in countries with ethnic miscegenation, such as Brazil, studies of this nature with students are still scarce. The aim of the present study was to compare anthropometric variables of Brazilian male students according to the genotypes of the rs9939609 of the FTO gene. In order to do so, 205 participants underwent body mass, height, waist circumference and skinfold thickness measurements. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage were calculated. Volunteers were characterized as overweight according to the BMI-for-age z-score. Participants were genotyped according to the single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene (AA, AT and TT). ANOVA one-way with Bonferroni’s post hoc was performed to compare genotypes and anthropometric variables. Odds Ratio was calculated to reveal increased chances of presenting higher body mass index z-score, waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage. Participants homozygous for the A allele presented significantly higher values of BMI-for-age z-score (0.38±1.01 vs. -0.29±1.15), waist circumference (77.15±6.51 vs. 72.85±7.36 cm) and waist-to-height ratio (0.44±0.04 vs. 0.42±0.04) when compared to individuals with the TT genotype. The A allele of the rs9939609 of the FTO gene seems to influence in the adiposity of male students.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of instruments to measure parenting practices and children’s movement behaviors in low-income families from Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widjane Sheila Ferreira Goncalves ◽  
Rebecca Byrne ◽  
Pedro Israel Cabral de Lira ◽  
Marcelo Tavares Viana ◽  
Stewart G. Trost
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Total Movement ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background Childhood obesity has increased remarkably in low and middle-income (LMIC) countries. Movement behaviors (physical activity, screen time, and sleep) are crucial in the development of overweight and obesity in young children. Yet, few studies have investigated the relationship between children’s movement behaviors and parenting practices because validated measures for use among families from LMIC are lacking. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of previously validated measures of young children’s physical activity, screen time, and sleep and parenting practices, translated and culturally adapted to Brazilian families. Methods A total of 78 parent-child dyads completed an interviewer-administered survey twice within 7 days. Child physical activity, sedentary time and sleep were concurrently measured using a wrist-worn accelerometer. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability was assessed using McDonald’s Omega and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC’s). Concurrent validity was evaluated by calculating Spearman correlations between parent reported child behaviors and accelerometer measured behaviors. Results Seventeen of the 19 parenting practices scales exhibited acceptable internal consistency reliability (Ω ≥ 0.70). Test-retest reliability ICC’s were acceptable and ranged from 0.82 - 0.99. Parent reported child physical activity was positively correlated with objectively measured total movement (rho= 0.29 - 0.46, p < .05) and energetic play (rho= 0.29 – 0.40, p < .05). Parent reported child screen time was positively correlated with objectively measured sedentary time; (rho = 0.26, p < .05), and inversely correlated with total movement (rho = - 0.39 – - 0.41, p < .05) and energetic play (rho = - 0.37 – - 0.41, p < .05). Parent reported night-time sleep duration was significantly correlated with accelerometer measured sleep duration on weekdays (rho = 0.29, p < .05), but not weekends. Conclusions Measurement tools to assess children’s movement behaviors and parenting practices, translated and culturally adapted for use in Brazilian families, exhibited acceptable evidence of concurrent validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.

Profile of nutritional status, energy availability, haemoglobin levels and bone density in santriwati (Islamic female student) with chronic energy deficiency risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Fillah Fithra Dieny ◽  
A Fahmy Arif Tsani ◽  
Umu Faradilla ◽  
Ayu Rahadiyanti
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Fat Percentage

Background: Santriwati (Islamic female student), women of reproductive age, were susceptible to experienced Chronic Energi Deficiency (CED). CED reflects the low energy availability of someone who can risk reducing bone density. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the differences in body mass index, body fat percentage, hemoglobin levels, energy availability, and bone mineral density of female students who experienced CED risk and not experienced CED risk.Materials and Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study, with 101 female students as subjects who were selected by random sampling. The research was conducted from February to March 2019 at the Kyai Galang Sewu Islamic Boarding School, Semarang. CED risk data was taken using the upper arm circumference measurement. Percent body fat and BMI data were taken using BIA. Energy availability data is obtained from the difference between energy intake (energy intake) and energy output (energy expenditure through physical activity) divided by Fat-Free Mass (FFM). Energy intake data was taken using the SQ-FFQ questionnaire, and energy expenditure was calculated using the 24-hour activity record form. Anemia data were collected using strip hemoglobin measurements. Bone density data were taken using the Osteosys Sonost 3000 densitometer. Bivariate analysis used the Independent T-Test.Results: A total of 57.2% of subjects experienced anemia. Subjects who had underweight nutritional status were 20.8%. Santriwati experienced osteopenia as much as 13.9%. There was no difference in bone density and hemoglobin levels between female students who were at risk of CED and not CED risk (p> 0.05), but there were differences in energy availability, body fat percentage, BMI between those at risk of CED and not CED risk (p <0.05)Conclusion: subjects at risk of CED (Lila <23.5 cm) had lower energy availability, body fat, and BMI than subjects who were not at risk of CED.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document