Intima-Media Thickness in 11- to 13-Year-Old Children: Variation Attributed to Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Waist Circumference

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 610-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Melo ◽  
Helena Santa-Clara ◽  
Nuno M. Pimenta ◽  
Sandra Silva Martins ◽  
Cláudia S. Minderico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography

Background:It is unclear how sedentary behavior (SED), physical activity (PA), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) influence vascular structure in children of varying body size. This study examined whether associations between SED, PA, and CRF with intima-media thickness (IMT) added to that of abdominal fatness and IMT. Differences in physiological measures among waist circumference (WC) percentiles were tested.Methods:We assessed IMT of the carotid artery in 265 children aged 11 to 13 years (135 girls). Measures included IMT assessed with high-resolution ultrasonography, WC, body fat mass (BFM) from DXA, and CRF determined using a maximal cycle test. SED and PA were assessed by accelerometry. Association between IMT and CRF adjusted for PA variables, and body composition phenotypes were tested with multiple linear regression analysis.Results:CRF was related to IMT independently of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and SED (P < .05). When WC was added to the model CRF was no longer associated with IMT (P > .05). Children in the higher WC group had increased mean values of BMI, BFM, WC, and IMT and lower MVPA and CRF (P < .05).Conclusion:Full modeling of SED, MVPA, CRF, and WC revealed that regional adiposity appears to have the biggest role in arterial structure of children.

scholarly journals Segregating the Distinct Effects of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Older Adults’ Cardiovascular Structure and Function: Part 1—Linear Regression Analysis Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 499-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan Ryan ◽  
Jorgen Wullems ◽  
Georgina Stebbings ◽  
Christopher Morse ◽  
Claire Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Cardiovascular Structure ◽  
And Function

Background: Physical behavior [PB, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB)] can adjust cardiovascular mortality risk in older adults. The aim of this study was to predict cardiovascular parameters (CVPs) using 21 parameters of PB. Methods: Participants [n = 93, 73.8 (6.23) y] wore a thigh-mounted accelerometer for 7 days. Phenotype of the carotid, brachial, and popliteal arteries was conducted using ultrasound. Results: Sedentary behavior was associated with one of the 19 CVPs. Standing and light-intensity PA was associated with 3 and 1 CVP, respectively. Our prediction model suggested that an hourly increase in light-intensity PA would be negatively associated with popliteal intima-media thickness [0.09 mm (95% confidence interval, 0.15 to 0.03)]. sMVPA [moderate–vigorous PA (MVPA), accumulated in bouts <10 min] was associated with 1 CVP. 10MVPA (MVPA accumulated in bouts ≥10 min) had no associations. W50% had associations with 3 CVP. SB%, alpha, true mean PA bout, daily sum of PA bout time, and total week 10MVPA each were associated with 2 CVP. Conclusions: Patterns of PB are more robust predictors of CVP than PB (hours per day). The prediction that popliteal intima-media thickness would be negatively associated with increased standing and light-intensity PA engagement suggests that older adults could obtain health benefits without MVPA engagement.

Association Between Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity and Gross Motor Coordination in Preschool Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Silva-Santos ◽  
Amanda Santos ◽  
Michael Duncan ◽  
Susana Vale ◽  
Jorge Mota
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Movement Assessment

Introduction: Adequate gross motor coordination is essential for children participating in age-related physical activities and has an important role in maintaining sufficient physical activity levels during the life course. Aim: To examine the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and gross motor coordination during sedentary behavior in early childhood (ages 3–6 y). Methods: The sample comprised 209 children aged 3–6 y. Gross motor coordination was assessed according to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). The battery to assess gross motor coordination comprised the aiming and catching, and balance components. MVPA was measured by accelerometry worn for 7 consecutive days (Monday to Sunday). Results: Our data indicated that 31.5% of the sample had low, 32.5% medium, and 36.0% high gross motor coordination. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that MVPA was positively associated with gross motor coordination, adjusted for gender and sedentary behavior. Conclusions: Preschoolers with high gross motor coordination spend more time in MVPA. Gross motor coordination development should therefore be a key strategy in childhood interventions aiming to promote physical activity.

Combined Effects of Sedentary Behavior and Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity on Cardiovascular Health in Older, Community-Dwelling Latinos

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Halloway ◽  
JoEllen Wilbur ◽  
Michael E. Schoeny ◽  
Pamela A. Semanik ◽  
David X. Marquez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study examined the combined effects of sedentary behavior and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardiovascular health in older Latinos. In a cross-sectional sample of 147 older, community-dwelling Latinos, time spent in sedentary behavior and MVPA were obtained using accelerometers. Analyses examined the effects of a measure of physical activity that combined levels of sedentary behavior (± 10 daily hours) and MVPA (< 30, 30–150, or > 150 weekly minutes) on cardiovascular health outcomes (blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness). Results suggest that cardiovascular health benefits of MVPA on BMI (p = .005), waist circumference (p = .002), and cardiorespiratory fitness (p = .012) may depend on a participant’s level of sedentary behavior. For all three, health benefits of 30–150 weekly minutes of MVPA were found only for those without excessive sedentary behavior (≥ 10 hr). Sedentary behavior may negatively impact cardiovascular health despite moderate participation in MVPA. Health guidelines should suggest reducing sedentary behavior while increasing MVPA.

Risk allele of gene variant rs6584389 is associated with increased intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes

VASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
Miriam Kozarova ◽  
Zuzana Malachovska ◽  
Jozef Zidzik ◽  
Martin Javorsky ◽  
Katarina Demkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Gene Variant ◽  
Media Thickness

Abstract. Background: Genome-wide association studies identified several gene variants associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Among them, rs6584389 A>C was significantly associated with PAD defined by decreased ankle-brachial index (ABI). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the rs6584389 variant is also associated with the earlier stages of atherosclerosis assessed by intima-media thickness (IMT) or pulse-wave velocity (PWV) in clinically asymptomatic subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), a group of patients with a high cardiovascular risk. Patients and methods: In total, 111 patients with T2DM (56 females, 55 males) with a mean age 63.0 ± 9.1 years were consecutively included in the study. IMT was measured by ultrasound using 7 MHz linear transducer. PWV was measured using a piezoelectric method. Genotyping for rs6584389 was performed by PCR-HRMA method. Results: The carriers of the risk C-allele of rs6584389 variant had significantly higher mean left-side IMT (AA: 0.67 ± 0.12, AC 0.77 ± 0.21, CC 0.78 ± 0.22 mm; p = 0.04). In multiple linear regression analysis, rs6586389 genotype was significantly associated with all measured IMT parameters. The presence of each risk C-allele predicted an increase in left-side IMT by 0.056 mm (p = 0.017), right-side IMT by 0.053 mm (p = 0.039), average IMT by 0.054 mm (p = 0.023), and maximal IMT by 0.058 mm (p = 0.021). Age and HbA1c levels were also significantly associated with increased IMT in all multivariate models. Conclusions: Gene variant rs6584389 A>C near to PAX2 gene was associated with increased carotid IMT in patients with type 2 diabetes independently of the other main risk factors for atherosclerosis.

The associations of body composition and anthropometric measures with carotid intima-media thickness in obese and non-obese schoolchildren: A possible predictor for cardiovascular diseases

Vascular ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Al-Shorman ◽  
Hayder Al-Domi ◽  
Muatasem Al-Atoum
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Media Thickness

Background Increased carotid intima-media thickness is one of the predictors of future cardiovascular diseases. However, it is still unknown which body composition parameter or anthropometric measure is the best predictor for carotid intima-media thickness change among children and young adolescents. Objective To investigate the associations of body composition and anthropometric measures with carotid intima-media thickness among a group of obese and normal bodyweight schoolchildren. Methods A total of 125 schoolchildren (10–15 years) were recruited from four public schools in Amman, Jordan. Of them, 60 (29 boys and 31 girls) were normal bodyweight students and 65 (35 boys and 30 girls) were obese students. Anthropometric measures, fat mass and fat-free mass were determined. Carotid intima-media thickness of the common artery was measured using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound. Results Compared to normal bodyweight students, obese participants exhibited greater carotid intima-media thickness (mm) (0.45 ± 0.10 vs. 0.38 ± 0.08, p = 0.002) and fat-free mass (kg) (48.01 ± 11.39 vs. 32.65 ±7.65, p < 0.001). Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis revealed significant associations ( p≤0.05) between mean carotid intima-media thickness and body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass and fat-free mass. Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that waist circumference was the only measure that was statistically significant ( p ≤ 0.05) with mean carotid intima-media thickness (r2 = 0.129, p = 0.002). Conclusions Obesity is related to greater carotid intima-media thickness and other cardiovascular risk factors among schoolchildren. Waist circumference is more sensitive in predicting increased carotid intima-media thickness than other body composition or anthropometric measures. Waist circumference measurement in the analysis of future studies assessing the cardiovascular risk among obese children is warranted.

scholarly journals Plasma MicroRNA-29c Levels Are Associated with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and is a Potential Biomarker for the Early Detection of Atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Qing Huang ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Ying-Qing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Background/Aims: Atherosclerosis is a serious disease that increases the risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-29c could play significant roles in atherosclerosis via regulating inflammatory processes. However, the relationship between miR-29c and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) remains unknown. This study investigated associations between miR-29c and atherosclerosis and tested whether plasma miR-29c levels could be used to detect atherosclerosis. Methods: Plasma miR-29c levels were estimated by quantitative real-time PCR, and CIMT was measured by carotid ultrasound. Associations between miR-29c and CIMT were assessed by Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: In total, 170 participants were divided into the study (CIMT ≥0.9 mm) and control (CIMT < 0.9 mm) groups. The study group showed higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and miR-29c relative expression levels compared with the control group. CIMT was positively correlated with miR-29c (r=0.659, p< 0.001) and CRP (r=0.447, p< 0.001), and miR-29c levels were also correlated with CRP (r=0.512, p< 0.001). Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis showed that CIMT was significantly correlated with miR-29c (β=0.573, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.315-0.839; p< 0.001) and CRP (β=0.439, 95%CI: 0.186–0.825; p< 0.001). After age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and fasting blood-glucose were adjusted for, CIMT was still closely associated with miR-29c (β=0.529, 95%CI: 0.354–0.812; p< 0.001) and CRP (β=0.417, 95%CI: 0.198–0.724; p< 0.001). Evaluating CRP and miR-29c together (AUC=0.900, p< 0.001) achieved a better prognostic value for atherosclerosis than miR-29c (AUC=0.870, p< 0.001) or CRP (AUC=0.722, p< 0.001) alone. Conclusion: Increased miR-29c was closely associated with CIMT and may serve as a biomarker for identifying atherosclerotic patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Evolocumab on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Clinical Parameters in Patients Taking a Statin

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2256
Author(s):  
Keiji Hirai ◽  
Shigeki Imamura ◽  
Aizan Hirai ◽  
Susumu Ookawara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Morishita
Keyword(s):  
Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Carotid Imt ◽  
Media Thickness

We determined the effects of evolocumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the factors associated with the change in carotid IMT in patients taking a statin. The change in carotid mean and maximum IMT before and after the initiation of evolocumab treatment was retrospectively analyzed in 229 statin-treated patients. The changes in clinical parameters, including serum lipid concentrations, were also evaluated. Evolocumab significantly reduced the increase in carotid mean and maximum IMT (0.09 ± 0.13 mm/year to −0.04 ± 0.16 mm/year, p < 0.001 and 0.17 ± 0.38 mm/year to 0.08 ± 0.47 mm/year, p = 0.02). Evolocumab reduced serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein (a) concentrations (each p < 0.001), and increased serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations (p = 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the change in HDL-cholesterol (standard coefficient (β) = −0.120, p = 0.04) and carotid mean IMT (β = −0.467, p < 0.001) were independently correlated with the change in carotid mean IMT during the administration of evolocumab, whereas the change in HDL-cholesterol (β = −0.208, p = 0.002) and log-triglyceride (β = −0.167, p = 0.01) independently correlated with the change in carotid maximum IMT. Evolocumab reduced the increase in carotid IMT in patients taking a statin. These results suggest that evolocumab is protective against carotid atherosclerosis in patients undergoing statin therapy.

scholarly journals Association of Intima-Media Thickness of Carotid Arteries With Remnant Lipoproteins in Men and Women

2015 ◽  
pp. S377-S384 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. PIŤHA ◽  
J. KOVÁŘ ◽  
Z. ŠKODOVÁ ◽  
R. CÍFKOVÁ ◽  
P. STÁVEK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Remnant Lipoproteins

The subclass of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins – remnant-like particles (RLP) seems to be strong and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the role of RLP and other risk factors (RF) with sonographically measured intima-media thickness of carotid arteries (IMT CCA) in a cohort of Czech population including women defined according to the time after menopause. We investigated relation of IMT CCA to age, weight, central obesity, plasma lipids including remnant-like particles cholesterol (RLP-C) and triglycerides (RLP-TG) in 136 men and 160 women. Using multiple linear regression analysis, significant association between IMT CCA and RLP-C was found in women 1-7 years after menopause. In the whole group of women, only age and fasting blood glucose were independently associated with IMT CCA. In men only age significantly correlated with IMT CCA. Significant decrease of all plasma lipids between 1988 and 1996 in men was detected, while in women significant increase in triglycerides and no change in non-HDL cholesterol was observed. RLP-C was the strongest independent RF for atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women but its association with IMT CCA was limited to several years after menopause. In conclusion, women changing reproductive status could be more sensitive to atherogenic impact of remnant lipoproteins.

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