scholarly journals Utilizing Behavioral Economics to Understand Adherence to Physical Activity Guidelines Among a Low-Income Urban Community

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 947-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerem Shuval ◽  
Xia Si ◽  
Binh Nguyen ◽  
Tammy Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Time Preferences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Saving Account ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines

Background:Behavioral economics studies have found that individuals with more patient time preferences (ie, greater willingness to forgo current costs for future benefits) are more likely to save money. Although research has observed significant relationships between time preferences and health-promoting behaviors, scant evidence exists with physical activity as an outcome.Methods:We examined the association between monetary saving behaviors and physical activity among adults of low-income who reside in an urban community. Specifically, we assessed the relationship between saving behaviors (checking/saving account, monthly savings, and planning family finances), and future orientation to physical activity as a dichotomous (meeting guidelines) and continuous (total and domain specific) endpoint.Results:In multivariable regression, being future-oriented and having a checking/saving account were related to a 1.3 and 2.1 times higher (respectively) likelihood of meeting physical activity guidelines (P < .05). When examining physical activity continuously, all measures were significantly related to leisure-time activity (P < .05).Conclusions:Our study findings establish a relationship between future time preferences and increased levels of physical activity among low-income adults. Future research should prospectively explore the efficacy of various schemes that help individuals overcome impatient time preferences to determine a causal relationship.

scholarly journals Feelings of safety during daytime walking: associations with mental health, physical activity and cardiometabolic health in high vacancy, low-income neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber L. Pearson ◽  
Kimberly A. Clevenger ◽  
Teresa H. Horton ◽  
Joseph C. Gardiner ◽  
Ventra Asana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Critical Pathway ◽  
Perceived Safety

Abstract Introduction Individuals living in low-income neighborhoods have disproportionately high rates of obesity, Type-2 diabetes, and cardiometabolic conditions. Perceived safety in one’s neighborhood may influence stress and physical activity, with cascading effects on cardiometabolic health. Methods In this study, we examined relationships among feelings of safety while walking during the day and mental health [perceived stress (PSS), depression score], moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), Body Mass Index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1C (A1C) in low-income, high-vacancy neighborhoods in Detroit, Michigan. We recruited 69 adults who wore accelerometers for one week and completed a survey on demographics, mental health, and neighborhood perceptions. Anthropometrics were collected and A1C was measured using A1CNow test strips. We compiled spatial data on vacant buildings and lots across the city. We fitted conventional and multilevel regression models to predict each outcome, using perceived safety during daytime walking as the independent variable of interest and individual or both individual and neighborhood-level covariates (e.g., number of vacant lots). Last, we examined trends in neighborhood features according to perceived safety. Results In this predominantly African American sample (91%), 47% felt unsafe during daytime walking. Feelings of perceived safety significantly predicted PSS (β = − 2.34, p = 0.017), depression scores (β = − 4.22, p = 0.006), and BMI (β = − 2.87, p = 0.01), after full adjustment. For PA, we detected a significant association for sex only. For A1C we detected significant associations with blighted lots near the home. Those feeling unsafe lived in neighborhoods with higher park area and number of blighted lots. Conclusion Future research is needed to assess a critical pathway through which neighborhood features, including vacant or poor-quality green spaces, may affect obesity—via stress reduction and concomitant effects on cardiometabolic health.

Relationship between meeting physical activity guidelines and motor competence among low-income school youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro H. Nicolai Ré ◽  
Anthony D. Okely ◽  
Samuel W. Logan ◽  
Mellina M.L.M. da Silva ◽  
Maria T. Cattuzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
School Youth

scholarly journals Barriers to Parent Support for Physical Activity in Appalachia

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1042-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill A. Nolan ◽  
Christa L. Lilly ◽  
Janie M. Leary ◽  
Wesley Meeteer ◽  
Hugh D. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parent Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Stereotypes ◽  
Child Physical Activity

Background:Parent support for child physical activity is a consistent predictor of increased childhood activity. Little is known about factors that prevent or facilitate support. The purpose of this research was to identify barriers to parent support for child physical activity in Appalachian parents.Methods:A cross-sectional study assessed parents whose children participated in Coronary Artery Risk Detection in Appalachian Communities (CARDIAC) screenings in a rural Appalachian state. Barriers to parental support for physical activity, demographics, geographic location, and parental support for activity were measured.Results:A total of 475 parents completed surveys. The majority were mothers (86.7%), parents of kindergarteners (49.5%), white (89.3%), and living in a nonrural area (70.5%). Community-level factors were most frequently cited as barriers, particularly those related to the built environment. Rural and low-income parents reported significantly higher barriers. Community, interpersonal, and intrapersonal barriers were negatively correlated with parent support for child physical activity. Parents of girls reported a higher percentage of barriers related to safety.Conclusions:Reported barriers in this sample differed from those reported elsewhere (Davison, 2009). Specific groups such as low-income and rural parents should be targeted in intervention efforts. Future research should explore gender differences in reported barriers to determine the influence of cultural stereotypes.

Abstract P094: Sex Differences in Fitness Outcomes After Participation in a Park-Based After school Program Among Minority Youth

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Messiah ◽  
Emily M D'Agostino ◽  
Hersila H Patel ◽  
Eric Hansen ◽  
M. Sunil Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
After School ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
School Year ◽  
After School Program

Introduction: Only 18% of high school girls compared with 37% of boys are reported to meet national physical activity guidelines, but much less is known about sex differences in fitness levels during the elementary and middle school years. This study aimed to describe sex differences in longitudinal fitness outcomes after participation in Fit2Play TM , a park-based afterschool health and wellness program targeting high risk youth ages 6-to-14 years old. Hypothesis: It was hypothesized that over time boys would have more improvement in (1) cardiorespiratory fitness via the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) and 400 meter run test; (2) strength via 1-minute timed push-ups and sit-ups; and (3) flexibility via the sit-and-reach test, versus girls. Methods: Youth who participated in Fit2Play TM for either 1, 2 or 3 school years between 2010-2016 (N=2129, mean age 9.1 years, 52% Hispanic, 48% non-Hispanic black, 54% male) participated in a fitness battery at the beginning and end of the school year(s). Effects of length of Fit2Play TM participation on fitness outcomes were assessed via 3-level repeated measures analysis stratified by sex and adjusted for child sociodemographics, weight category, area poverty, and year. Results: Adjusted models showed significant improvements for both boys and girls in the PACER and 400 meter run tests (p<0.001 for both), with greater magnitude of effects and dose-response trends for girls after up to 3 years of participation in Fit2Play TM . Specifically, from baseline to 1, 2 and 3 years of program participation, girls demonstrated 8% (95% CI: 0.87, 0.97), 14% (95% CI: 0.77, 0.96), and 23% (95% CI: 0.65, 0.92) mean improvement in 400 meter run times versus 9% (95% CI: 0.86, 0.96), 9% (95% CI: 0.82, 1.01), and 17% (95% CI: 0.70, 0.98) for boys, respectively (p<0.001 for all). Significant strength improvements were found for both boys and girls for push-ups (p<.01 for both, though 4%, 11% and 12% higher magnitude of effects in girls vs. boys for 1, 2 and 3 years of participation, respectively), and only girls for sit-ups (p<.001). Conclusions: Park-based afterschool physical activity programs have the potential to improve fitness performance in all youth, and particularly girls. Future research should further examine sex differences in the effects of park and other community based programs to ultimately reduce sex disparities in youth fitness, particularly in light of the current youth obesity epidemic that continues to challenge our nation.

Physical activity guidelines for children and youthThis article is part of a supplement entitled Advancing physical activity measurement and guidelines in Canada: a scientific review and evidence-based foundation for the future of Canadian physical activity guidelines co-published by Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism and the Canadian Journal of Public Health. It may be cited as Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 32(Suppl. 2E) or as Can. J. Public Health 98(Suppl. 2).

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (S2E) ◽  
pp. S109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
School Aged Children

The aim of this review is to provide a scientific update on evidence related to the biological and psycho-social health benefits of physical activity in school-aged children and youth. To accomplish this aim, the first part of the paper reviews existing physical activity guidelines for school-aged children and youth, with an emphasis placed on how Canada’s guidelines compare and contrast with those of other countries and organizations. The paper then provides an overview of physical activity levels of Canadian children and youth, which indicates that few Canadian youngsters meet current physical activity recommendations. The next section of the paper summarizes the literature that informs how much physical activity is required to promote health and well-being in children and youth. The paper then provides suggestions on modifications that could be made to Canada’s physical activity guidelines for children and youth. Specifically, consideration should be given to setting both minimal (≥60 min/d) and optimal (up to several hours per day) physical activity targets. The final section identifies future research needs. In this section, a need is noted for comprehensive dose–response studies of physical activity and health in the paediatric age group.

scholarly journals Physical activity guidelines and guides for Canadians: facts and futureThis article is part of a supplement entitled Advancing physical activity measurement and guidelines in Canada: a scientific review and evidence-based foundation for the future of Canadian physical activity guidelines co-published by Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism and the Canadian Journal of Public Health. It may be cited as Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 32(Suppl. 2E) or as Can. J. Public Health 98(Suppl. 2).

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (S2E) ◽  
pp. S218-S224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Tremblay ◽  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
Lawrence R. Brawley ◽  
Christine Cameron ◽  
Cora Lynn Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Health It ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Physical Activity Measurement ◽  
Applied Physiology

This article summarizes the main findings from the papers included in this journal supplement. It consolidates the evidence currently available to inform and advance the development of physical activity guidelines for Canadians, and it highlights the specific needs of various population subgroups. The challenges of translating guideline information into effective and persuasive physical activity messages, of campaigns to disseminate messages, and of related evaluations are underlined. Recommendations on how to proceed are based on the evidence base provided by this series of papers; the immediate next steps mandated by this initiative are outlined and priorities for future research are indicated.

scholarly journals Nine types of recommendations, guidelines and policies: an exploratory test of a proposed typology of physical activity promotion documents

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gelius ◽  
Sven Messing ◽  
Karim Abu-Omar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Evidence Type ◽  
Entire Matrix ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background The field of physical activity abounds with recommendations, guidelines, action plans and other documents published by experts, organizations and institutions at the national and international level. However, working with these documents is difficult since similar names (e.g. “recommendations”) may be used to label substantially different contents, while identical topics may hide behind different monikers (e.g. “guidelines” and “strategy”). Methods We built on an existing framework conceptualizing categories of physical activity evidence and on the Doern continuum for policy instruments to develop a nine-field matrix that classifies physical activity-related publications based on their evidence type and degree of coercion. We used a selection of eleven physical activity documents to perform an exploratory test of the functions and utility of the typology. Results Placing central physical activity documents into the typology shows that recommendations, guidelines, and policies are found across the entire matrix, regardless of their denomination. It also suggests that some documents transcend boundaries between types by falling into more than one category, and that some categories may be underrepresented in current physical activity promotion. Conclusions A typology to classify physical activity guidelines, recommendations, and policies can help us acquire a better overview of the landscape of existing physical activity documents than simple distinctions based on document names. It may guide both current initiatives and future development work in the field. It could also serve as a point of departure for future research, as conducting systematic overviews of the literature based on this typology may help reveal important gaps in current physical activity promotion.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study on the Assessment of Physical Literacy among Medical Students of Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupathi

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 1882-1887
Author(s):  
Venkata Subbarayudu Chintakunta ◽  
Aditya Varma Samanthapudi ◽  
Sowmya Pallavi Rapuri ◽  
Supriya Konda ◽  
Manoj Kumar A
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Literacy Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity

BACKGROUND Physical literacy (PL) is the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge & understanding to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life. Physical literacy can be identified as a basis for the characteristics, attributes, behaviours, awareness, knowledge & understanding, towards a healthy lifestyle, as well as a foundation to an elite sport. Research shows that without the development of physical literacy, many children and youth withdraw from physical activity and sport and turn to more inactive &/or unhealthy choices during their leisure time. The objective of this study is to determine the physical literacy and the factors influencing it among medical students. METHODS This was a cross sectional study. Selection of participants was based on simple random sampling method by computer generated random numbers and then questionnaires were administered to all the participants. The questionnaire consisted of questions pertaining to sociodemographic and cultural factors, anthropometric measurements, and PLAY (physical literacy assessment for youth) self-tool. PLAY self-tool has the following sub-sections - environment, physical literacy self-description, relative ranking of literacies and fitness. RESULTS The mean physical literacy total score in our study was 59.5 ± 11.3. About 19 % of the subjects scored PLAY self-total score grade of less than or equal to 50.0. Nearly 30 % scored physical literacy self-efficacy score of less than 600. Our results demonstrate significant associations between PLAY self-total score grade and gender, waist hip ratio, leisure time activity, Asian BMI, physical literacy selfefficacy score, fitness, and the most common mode of transport between college and home/hostel (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Future research should explore and standardize the tools to assess physical literacy objectively in the young adults (18 - 25 years). We recommend increasing the physical activity hours in the medical curriculum and encourage active modes of transport (bicycles/walk etc) within the campus. KEYWORDS Physical Literacy, Physical Activity, Medical Students, Dr. Kriellaars’s PLAY SelfTool, Canadian Sport for life CS4L), Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth PLAY)

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