scholarly journals Habit in the Physical Activity Domain: Integration With Intention Temporal Stability and Action Control

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Rhodes ◽  
Gert-Jan de Bruijn ◽  
Deborah H. Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Action Control ◽  
Domain Integration ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Additional Variance ◽  
Physical Activity Domain

The purpose of this study was to explore the role of habit in predicting physical activity with the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The study extended previous research by (a) including a measure of temporal intention stability in the regression equation, and (b) unpacking the intention × behavior × habit relationship. Participants were 153 undergraduate students who completed a habit measure and measures of the TPB at Time 1 followed by measures of intention and behavior 2 weeks later. Results using regression analysis demonstrated that habit explained 7% additional variance after accounting for the TPB and temporal stability of intention and its interaction with intention. Follow-up analyses showed considerable asymmetry in the three-way relationship between intention, behavior, and habit, where high habit participants were composed primarily of intenders (i.e., intended to be active >3 times/week at 30 min) who engaged in regular physical activity (70%, n = 28) and low habit participants were inactive nonintenders (i.e., did not intend to be active >3 times/week at 30 min and were subsequently not active; 69%, n = 25). The results support the notion that some properties of physical activity may have an automatic component and that habits may be important to physical activity action control.

Can Short-Range Intentions Predict Physical Activity Participation?

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry S. Courneya ◽  
Edward McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Activity Domain ◽  
Physical Activity Domain

This study examined the issue of proximity of intention in the physical activity domain by employing both short-range (2 and 3 days) and longer range (4 weeks) intentions in the prediction of participation in physical activity. Subjects were 42 undergraduate students who completed intention and physical activity assessments every class (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) for six weeks and also a single assessment four weeks apart. Analysis indicated that short-range intention is a better predictor of physical activity than is the longer range intention; however, even the short-range intention-physical activity correlations were only of modest magnitude. Interpretation of the results focused on the potential nonvolitional nature of physical activity and the possible role of perceived behavioral control and behavioral expectation.

The Role of Body-Related Self-Conscious Emotions in Motivating Women’s Physical Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Sabiston ◽  
Jennifer Brunet ◽  
Kent C. Kowalski ◽  
Philip M. Wilson ◽  
Diane E. Mack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Intrinsic Regulation ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

The purpose of this study was to test a model where body-related self-conscious emotions of shame, guilt, and pride were associated with physical activity regulations and behavior. Adult women (N = 389; M age = 29.82, SD = 15.20 years) completed a questionnaire assessing body-related pride, shame, and guilt, motivational regulations, and leisure-time physical activity. The hypothesized measurement and structural models were deemed adequate, as was a revised model examining shame-free guilt and guilt-free shame. In the revised structural model, body-related pride was positively significantly related to identified and intrinsic regulations. Body-related shame-free guilt was significantly associated with external, introjected, and identified regulations. Body-related guilt-free shame was significantly positively related to external and introjected regulation, and negatively associated with intrinsic regulation. Identified and intrinsic regulations were significantly positively related to physical activity (R2 = .62). These findings highlight the importance of targeting and understanding the realm of body-related self-conscious emotions and the associated links to regulations and physical activity behavior.

A Group-Based Walking Study to Enhance Physical Activity Among Older Adults: The Role of Social Engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752096361
Author(s):  
Yujun Liu ◽  
Margie E. Lachman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Treatment Condition ◽  
Social Comparisons ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Members

Objectives. The aim of this study was to explore social engagement and social comparisons as mechanisms to increase physical activity among older adults. Methods. Participants (N = 60, mean age = 65.7) were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. Participants in the treatment condition used the application to track their daily walking steps and interact via text messages with their group members for 4 weeks. Participants in the control group used the application only to track their own walking steps. Outcome variables included mean weekly steps, exercise self-efficacy, and social engagement. Results. The results revealed that participants in the experimental condition significantly increased their mean weekly steps and social engagement from the pretest to the posttest whereas the control group did not. These effects were maintained at the 1-month follow up. Discussion. The study expands our understanding of the motivational role of social engagement and social comparison in increasing PA among older adults.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical Care in Sports

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
José Henrique Gialongo Gonçales Bomfim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Health Team ◽  
As Doping

Pharmaceutical care in sports is a new field of work to clinical pharmacists, focused on promoting pharmacotherapeutic follow up and clinical services to athletes, physical activity practitioners and enthusiasts of any sports modality. A broad range of pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements and herbal drugs have been used historically as performance promoters, doping or ergogenic aids. In this context, the role of pharmacists in prevent adverse events, drug interactions or any drug related problems, as doping issues, was described. Its actions can be important to contribute with a multi professional clinical health team, leading athletes to use these resources in a rational way, promoting and optimizing the therapeutic when its necessary.

scholarly journals The role of the trainer in adapted physical activity for osteoporosis to improve quality of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Marini ◽  
A Masini ◽  
P Maietta Latessa ◽  
T Sanna ◽  
A Raggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Substantial Impact

Abstract Background Osteoporosis is a major health burden worldwide and require a multi-modal approach including exercise. Fractures have a substantial impact on quality of life (QoL) so exercise programs may to be conducted by trainers able to deal with this condition, because exercise alone, even if in the right dosage, seems to be not enough to improve QoL. A quasi-experimental pilot study performed to determine the feasibility and safety of an Adapted Physical Activity (APA) protocol specifically designed for osteoporotic women with vertebral fractures and its effect on QoL, with a specific focus on trainer's role. Methods The Experimental Group (EG) performed APA protocol 1hour twice a week for 6 months, while the Control Group (CG) received standard care. QoL was assessed at baseline and follow-up with ECOS-16 questionnaire and semi structured interviews to understand women perceptions regarding trainer's role. Using mixed-methods quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using SPSS 5 and NVivo 12, respectively. Results 40 post-menopausal women (mean age: 67.6±4.6) divided in 2 groups EG = 22 and CG = 18, completed the study. At follow-up, EG improved significantly QoL (EG: -0.5±0.5 vs CG: 0.0±0.3 p = 0.02). The APA intervention had a significant effect on all the components of QoL, as measured by the disease-specific ECOS-16 questionnaire: Physical Component Summary (PCS) (EG: -0.4±0.5 vs CG: 0.0±0.4 p = 0.06) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) (EG: -0.5±0.6 vs CG: 0.1±0.5 p = 0.02). The interviews confirmed this result, emphasizing the key role of the trainer in improving their QoL. The adherence calculated as number of sessions performed compared to the sessions proposed was 75.8%. No injuries were observed. Conclusions The feasibility, the safety, and the positive effect of the proposed exercise protocol on QoL confirmed also by the interviews, show that principles of exercise education applied by trainers should be extended also to patients with other chronic condition. Key messages Trainers specifically educated, could be a means of achieving the goal improving people’s QoL, as they occupy the role of exercise experts and also an educational, relational and support role. The management of osteoporosis is multi-modal and includes exercise, often recommended as a beneficial non-pharmacological treatment to slow the rate of bone loss and improve quality of life.

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy, Action Control, and Social Support Explain Physical Activity Changes Among Costa Rican Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1573-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Reyes Fernández ◽  
Esteban Montenegro Montenegro ◽  
Nina Knoll ◽  
Ralf Schwarzer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Action Control ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
High Social Support ◽  
Moderator Role

Background:Self-efficacy, action control, and social support are considered to influence changes in physical activity levels in older adults. This study examines the relationship among these variables and explores the putative mediating and moderating mechanisms that might account for activity changes.Methods:A longitudinal study with 54 older adults (≥ 50 years of age) was carried out in Costa Rica. In a moderated mediation analysis, action control was specified as a mediator between self-efficacy and physical activity, whereas social support was specified as a moderator between self-efficacy and action control. Baseline physical activity, age, and sex were specified as covariates.Results:Action control mediated between self-efficacy and physical activity. An interaction between social support and self-efficacy on action control pointed to a synergistic effect at the first stage of the mediating process.Conclusions:The effect of self-efficacy on physical activity was partly explained by action control, providing evidence of action control as a proximal mediator of physical activity. Moreover, the moderator role of social support was confirmed: high social support appeared to compensate for low levels of self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Gestational Diabetes: The Predictive Role of Routine Biomarkers and Nutrigenetic Variants

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marica Franzago ◽  
Federica Fraticelli ◽  
Marta Di Nicola ◽  
Francesco Bianco ◽  
Daniela Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Predictive Role

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can be considered a silent risk for out-of-pregnancy diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. We aimed to assess the predictive role of 3rd trimester lipid profile during pregnancy for the susceptibility to markers of subclinical atherosclerosis (CVD susceptibility) at 3 years in a cohort of women with history of GDM. A secondary aim is to evaluate the usefulness of novel nutrigenetic markers, in addition to traditional parameters, for predicting early subclinical atherosclerosis in such women in order to plan adequate early prevention interventions. We assessed 28 consecutive GDM women in whom we collected socio-demographic characteristics and clinical and anthropometric parameters at the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In a single blood sample, from each patient, we assessed 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 9 genes related to nutrients and metabolism, which were genotyped by High Resolution Melting analysis. All women then attended a 3-year-postpartum follow-up and on that occasion performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT, with 75 g oral glucose), the measurement of carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT), and analyses of metabolic parameters. In addition, we evaluated the physical activity level and the adherence to Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-short version) and PREDIMED questionnaires. We found an association between 3rd trimester triglycerides and cIMT (p=0.014). We also found significant associations between the APOA5 CC genotype and cIMT after adjustments for age and body mass index (p=0.045) and between the interaction CC APOA5/CC LDLR and cIMT (p=0.010). At the follow-up, the cohort also featured a mean BMI in the overweight range and a high mean waist circumference. We found no difference in the MedDiet adherence, physical activity, and smoking but an inverse correlation between the PREDIMED and the IPAQ scores with the IMT. In conclusion, this preliminary study provides insight into the predictive role of lipid profile during pregnancy and of some genetic variants on cIMT taken as a parameter of subclinical CVD susceptibility in GDM.

scholarly journals Neighborhood walkability and 12-year changes in cardio-metabolic risk: the mediating role of physical activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Chandrabose ◽  
Ester Cerin ◽  
Suzanne Mavoa ◽  
David Dunstan ◽  
Alison Carver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Mediating Role

Abstract Background Living in walkable neighborhoods may provide long-term cardio-metabolic health benefits to residents. Little empirical research has examined the behavioral mechanisms in this relationship. In this longitudinal study, we examined the potential mediating role of physical activity (baseline and 12-year change) in the relationships of neighborhood walkability with 12-year changes in cardio-metabolic risk markers. Methods The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study collected data from adults, initially aged 25+ years, in 1999–2000, 2004–05, and 2011–12. We used 12-year follow-up data from 2023 participants who did not change their address during the study period. Outcomes were 12-year changes in waist circumference, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting and 2-h postload plasma glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. A walkability index was calculated, using dwelling density, intersection density, and destination density, within 1 km street-network buffers around participants’ homes. Spatial data for calculating these measures were sourced around the second follow-up period. Physical activity was assessed by self-reported time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (including walking). Multilevel models, adjusting for potential confounders, were used to examine the total and indirect relationships. The joint-significance test was used to assess mediation. Results There was evidence for relationships of higher walkability with smaller increases in weight (P = 0.020), systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.002); and, for relationships of higher walkability with higher baseline physical activity (P = 0.020), which, in turn, related to smaller increases in waist circumference (P = 0.006), weight (P = 0.020), and a greater increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.005). There was no evidence for a relationship of a higher walkability with a change in physical activity during the study period (P = 0.590). Conclusions Our mediation analysis has shown that the protective effects of walkable neighborhoods against obesity risk may be in part attributable to higher baseline physical activity levels. However, there was no evidence of mediation by increases in physical activity during the study period. Further research is needed to understand other behavioral pathways between walkability and cardio-metabolic health, and to investigate any effects of changes in walkability.

scholarly journals Does Social Capital Benefit Older Adults’ Health and Well-Being? The Mediating Role of Physical Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 688-697
Author(s):  
F. Boen ◽  
J. Pelssers ◽  
J. Scheerder ◽  
N. Vanbeselaere ◽  
S. Vos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Health And Well Being

Objectives: To assess whether social capital benefits older adults’ self-rated health and well-being and whether physical activity mediates this relation. Methods: A survey study was conducted among members of a sociocultural organization (age ≥55 years), both cross-sectionally (baseline Time 1; N = 959) and longitudinally (3-year follow-up Time 2; N = 409). Results: Specific indicators of social capital were positively, though modestly, related to health and well-being at Time 1 and Time 2. Experienced connectedness with age peers emerged as the strongest predictor. Physical activity only mediated the relation with experienced safety in society. Discussion: The relative importance of older adults’ experienced connectedness with their age peers underlines the importance of internalized group membership as a determinant of their health and well-being. Physical activity seems to play only a minor mediating role.

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