“Germany Crashes Out of World Cup”: A Mixed-Method Study on the Effects of Crisis Communication on Facebook

Using social media for crisis communication has been proposed as an effective strategy because it allows teams to build parasocial relationships with fans. The authors focused on the early elimination of Germany during the 2018 Fédération Internationale de Football Association World Cup to examine the effects of (crisis) communication on Facebook. The authors compared the Facebook posts of the German team, captain Manuel Neuer, and team member Thomas Müller and examined the emoji reactions each received. Although Neuer posted text identical to that of the team, his post received a smaller proportion of angry emoji reactions. Müller received fewer angry reactions than the team, but more than Neuer. The authors also used data from a two-wave panel to study changes in evaluation and parasocial relationships and perceived authenticity as potential mediators. Only the team was evaluated more negatively after the elimination than before. Parasocial relationships mediated the effect of exposure to social media posts on evaluation.

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MPs and Audiences on Social Media during Emergencies: Automatic and Manual Content Analyses of Facebook Posts

JeDEM - eJournal of eDemocracy and Open Government ◽

10.29379/jedem.v10i2.514 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 33-52

Author(s):

Nili Steinfeld ◽

Azi Lev-On

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Emergency Situation ◽

Mixed Method Study ◽

The Public ◽

Content Analyses ◽

National Leaders ◽

Media Channels ◽

Facebook Pages ◽

Unique Dataset

Members of parliament’s (MPs) social media channels are significant arenas for communication between the public and national leaders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to explore how these channels function during emergencies. We present findings from a mixed-method study of automatic and manual content analysis of a unique dataset composed of all posts on Israeli MPs' Facebook pages during the entire 19th Israeli parliament. We compare scope of posting, engagement with posts, and the content in MPs' Facebook pages during “ordinary" periods and an “emergency” period, focusing on the 2014 Israel/Gaza war. Findings present MPs' social media pages as hubs of interaction between MPs and audiences in emergencies, even more so than during ordinary periods. MPs' social media pages involve significantly more posts (and engagement with posts) during emergencies. In addition, the content in them becomes more emotional, less personal, and focused on the emergency situation and the national leaders responding to it.

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Men’s Perspectives on Their Grooming Practices and Appearance Concerns: A Mixed Methods Study

The Journal of Men s Studies ◽

10.1177/10608265211052068 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106082652110520

Author(s):

Richard J. T. Hamshaw ◽

Jeff Gavin

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Gay Men ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

Mixed Method Study ◽

Traditional Media ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Qualitative Responses ◽

The Impact

This mixed method study explores importance of and influences on men’s grooming behaviors and appearance concerns. Survey data from 83 men based in the United Kingdom showed high social media users engaged in significantly more grooming behaviors than low users. Gay men viewed grooming as significantly more important and implemented more grooming habits than straight men. Qualitative responses yielded themes relating to standards set by traditional media and the blurring of boundaries between traditional and new forms of (social) media. Themes reflected the freedom and constraints of sexuality in relation to grooming as well as the management of attraction and status. More research is needed to consider the impact grooming pressures and influences might have on men in the future.

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Image Repair in Crisis Communication

10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1593 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

William L. Benoit

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Interpersonal Communication ◽

Crisis Communication ◽

Target Audience ◽

Human Interaction ◽

Public Communication ◽

Effective Strategy ◽

Image Repair ◽

Image Repair Theory ◽

Image Repair Strategies

Image repair theory observes that threats to image (for individuals, groups, and organizations, such as companies or countries) are inevitable. Because reputation is important, criticisms usually provoke a response, defense, or image repair message(s). Each attack (each criticism) has two components, offensiveness and blame. Defenses can address either component (e.g., arguing that an act was offensive or rejecting blame for it). Five general strategies and 14 tactics exist for image repair. Perceptions are key in image repair: the audience’s perceived image of the target prompts criticism and attack; the audience’s perceptions of the message influence the effectiveness of a defense. Those who feel impelled to create image repair messages may face one or more audiences; the image concerns of various audiences may overlap or may be different. This means the defender must decide which audiences to address and develop image repair messages with this in mind. One must select one or more image repair strategies that the defender believes will be most effective with the target audience(s) and embed that strategy in one or more messages. Note that a defender should choose the most effective strategy or strategies; adding in more strategies does not necessary improve the defense. The defender must decide which medium or media should be used to get the message(s) to audience(s). Image repair theory was developed to help understand threats to reputation, face, or image. Such threats are commonplace in human interaction, including contexts such as interpersonal communication, public communication, and social media.

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Faculty’s Use of Social Media in Flipped Classrooms: A Mixed-Method Investigation

International Journal of Technology in Education and Science ◽

10.46328/ijtes.232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 394-410

Author(s):

Majed Alharthi ◽

Ke Zhang

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Online Survey ◽

Faculty Members ◽

Mixed Method Study ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Wide Range ◽

Flipped Classrooms ◽

Use Of Social Media ◽

Practical Implications

This paper reports a sequential mixed-method study on Saudi Arabian (SA) faculty’s use of social media (SM) in flipped classrooms (FC). The study also examined SA faculty’s related attitudes and identified factors that had limited faculty use of SM in Saudi higher education. In particular, the study explored how SA faculty used SM to address students’ needs and preferences as per the Read, Reflect, Display and Do (R2D2) framework. 391 eligible SA faculty members (199 male and 192 female) participated in the online survey, among which 8 (4 male and 4 female) were also selected for individual, semi-structured interviews afterwards. A wide range of factors were identified to understand what may have prevented or limited faculty’s SM uses in teaching. Research and practical implications were discussed, as well as suggestions to promote the use of SM for teaching in SA and countries with similar cultures.

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