Effects of Different Warm-Up Periods on Knee Proprioception and Balance in Healthy Young Individuals

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi S. Subasi ◽  
Nihal Gelecek ◽  
Gazanfer Aksakoglu
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Context:There is limited information on the effects of different warm-up periods on proprioception and balance in the context of injury prevention.Objective:To determine the effects of warm-up exercises on knee proprioception and balance and to compare the effectiveness of warming up periods.Design:Pretest/posttest.Setting:Research laboratory.Participants:30 healthy subjects (19 women, 11 men; mean age 20.70 ± 0.99 years).Interventions:Exercise groups performed warm-up exercises (group 1, 5 minutes; group 2, 10 minutes). Joint Position Sense (JPS) was tested at 15°, 30°, and 60° knee flexion (KF) on a JPS device. Balance was measured using the Neurocom Balance Master System.Main Outcome Measures:JPS absolute error (AE) was measured at 15°, 30°, and 60° KF and postural control was measured.Results:After exercise, we found significant improvements for AE of JPSs of 30° right (R) KF, 15° left (L) KF, and 60° L KF in group 1. In group 2, AE of JPS values increased for all angles of both knees except 60° R KF. AE of JPS values of 15° R KF, 30° R KF, 15° L KF, 60° L KF were significantly different in group 2 compared with group 1. In balance measurements, there were significant improvements for standing on foam with eyes closed (EC) position, velocity and R-L unilateral stance EC in group 1. There were significant improvements for velocity, end point, maximum excursion, and L unilateral stance EC in group 2.Conclusions:Both warm-up periods have positive effects on knee proprioception and balance. The 10-minute warm-up exercise improved proprioception by a greater amount than the 5 minutes warm-up exercise.

The Effects of Calf-Muscle Fatigue on Sagittal-Plane Joint-Position Sense in the Ankle

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffery L. Huston ◽  
Michelle A. Sandrey ◽  
Mathew W. Lively ◽  
Kevin Kotsko
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Plane Joint

Context:There is limited information on the effect of dynamic fatiguing of the plantar flexors on joint-position sense (JPS).Objective:To examine the effects of fatigue on JPS for ankle plantar flexion (PF) and dorsiflexion (DF).Design:A 2 × 2 factorial design.Setting:Research laboratory.Participants:20 healthy subjects (10 men, 10 women; age 21.75 ± 1.48 years).Interventions:The subjects were tested at 10° DF and 20° PF in the nonfatigued and fatigued conditions on a custom-built JPS device. To induce fatigue, subjects stood with both feet in the plantar-flexed position until they could no longer hold the posture.Main Outcome Measures:JPS absolute error was measured at 10° DF and 20° PF.Results:There was no significant main effect for condition, measurement, or interaction between condition and measurement.Conclusion:With no difference between conditions, the main controller of conscious JPS of the lower extremity might be the tibialis anterior.

The Effects of Eversion Fatigue on Frontal Plane Joint Position Sense in the Ankle

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Sandrey ◽  
Timothy E. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Type Design ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Plane Joint

Context:There is limited information on fatigue of the evertors on frontal plane joint position sense (JPS).Objective:To examine the effects of isokinetic concentric-eccentric fatigue of the evertors on frontal plane JPS of the ankle.Design:A 2 × 4 factorial design.Setting:Research Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:40 male and female healthy subjects.Interventions:JPS was tested at 10° and 20° of inversion and 5° and 10° of eversion in a nonfatigued/fatigued condition. After fatigue of evertors was determined on an isokinetic device, post fatigue testing of JPS occurred.Main Outcome Measures:JPS absolute error (AE) for inversion and eversion.Results:Main effect for condition and angle were significant with pre/post fatigue. There were overestimation of angles postfatigue with AE greater at 20° of inversion (P = .003), followed by 10° of inversion (P < .001), 10° of eversion (P = .005), and 5° of eversion (P = .005).Conclusion:When the ankle evertors were fatigued, the AE for JPS was significantly higher at all test angles.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis and systematic review of changes in joint position sense and static standing balance in patients with whiplash-associated disorder

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249659
Author(s):  
Masood Mazaheri ◽  
Deepa Abichandani ◽  
Idsart Kingma ◽  
Julia Treleaven ◽  
Deborah Falla
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Whiplash Associated Disorder

Objective To synthesise and analyse the current evidence regarding changes in joint position sense (JPS) and standing balance in people with whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) taking the presence or absence of dizziness into account. Data sources PubMed, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE and APA PsycINFO were searched by two independent reviewers from inception until August 2020 and reference lists of all included studies were also reviewed. Study selection Only cross-sectional studies that measured JPS and/or standing balance between people with WAD vs. healthy controls (HC) or people with WAD complaining of dizziness (WADD) vs. those not complaining of dizziness (WADND) were selected. Data extraction Relevant data were extracted using specific checklists and quality assessment was performed using Downs and Black Scale (modified version). Data synthesis Twenty-six studies were included. For JPS, data were synthesized for absolute error in the primary plane of movement for separate movement directions. For standing balance, data were synthesized for traditional time- and frequency domain sway parameters considering the conditions of eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) separately. For meta-analysis, reduced JPS was observed in people with WAD compared to HC when the head was repositioned to a neutral head position (NHP) from rotation (standardised mean difference [SMD] = 0.43 [95%: 0.24–0.62]) and extension (0.33 [95%CI: 0.08–0.58]) or when the head was moved toward 50° rotation from a NHP (0.50 [0.05–0.96]). Similarly, people with WADD had reduced JPS compared to people with WADND when the head was repositioned to a NHP from rotation (0.52 [0.22–0.82]). Larger sway velocity and amplitude was found in people with WAD compared to HC for both EO (0.62 [0.37–0.88] and 0.78 [0.56–0.99], respectively) and EC (0.69 [0.46–0.91] and 0.80 [0.58–1.02]) conditions. Conclusion The observed changes of JPS and standing balance confirms deficits in sensorimotor control in people with WAD and especially in those with dizziness.

Differences in Joint-Position Sense and Vibratory Threshold in Runners With and Without a History of Overuse Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Switlick ◽  
Thomas W. Kernozek ◽  
Stacey Meardon
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Overuse Injury ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Sensory Threshold ◽  
Sensorimotor Function ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Ankle Eversion ◽  
History Of

Context:A relationship between altered postural control and injury has been reported in sports. Sensorimotor function serves a fundamental role in postural control and is not often studied in runners. Persons who sustain running injury may have altered sensorimotor function contributing to risk of injury or reinjury.Objectives:To determine if differences in knee and ankle proprioception or plantar sensation exist between injured and noninjured runners.Design:Retrospective case-control study.Setting:University campus.Participants:Twenty runners with a history of lower-extremity overuse injury and 20 noninjured runners were examined. Injured runners were subcategorized into 2 groups based on site of injury: foot/ankle and knee/hip.Main Outcome Measures:Active absolute joint-repositioning error of the ankle at 20° inversion and 10° eversion and the knee at 15° and 40° flexion was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Vibratory threshold at the calcaneus, arch, and great toe was determined for each subject using a handheld electric sensory threshold instrument.Results:Runners in the injured-foot/ankle group had increased absolute error during ankle-eversion repositioning (6.55° ± 3.58°) compared with those in the noninjured (4.04° ± 1.78°, P = .01) and the hip/knee (3.63° ± 2.2°, P = .01) groups. Runners in the injured group, as a whole, had greater sensitivity in the arch of the plantar surface (2.94 ± 0.52 V) than noninjured runners (2.38 ± 0.53 V, P = .02).Conclusions:Differences in ankle-eversion proprioception between runners with a history of ankle and foot injuries and noninjured runners were observed. Runners with a history of injury also displayed an increased vibratory threshold in the arch region compared with noninjured runners. Poor ankle-joint-position sense and increased plantar sensitivity suggest altered sensorimotor function after injury. These factors may influence underlying postural control and contribute to altered loading responses commonly observed in injured runners.

scholarly journals The incremental shuttle walk test predicts mortality in non-group 1 pulmonary hypertension: results from the ASPIRE Registry

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 204589401984864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine G. Billings ◽  
Robert Lewis ◽  
Judith A. Hurdman ◽  
Robin Condliffe ◽  
Charlie A. Elliot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Ceiling Effect ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Pulmonary Hemodynamics ◽  
Disease Etiology ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Test Distance ◽  
Group 1

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is classified into five groups based on disease etiology but there is only limited information on the prognostic value of exercise testing in non-group 1 PH. In group 1 PH, the incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) distance has been shown to correlate with pulmonary hemodynamics and predict survival without a ceiling effect. This study assessed the ISWT in non-group 1 PH. Data were retrieved from the ASPIRE Registry (Assessing the Spectrum of Pulmonary hypertension Identified at a REferral centre) for consecutive patients diagnosed with PH. Patients were required to have been systematically assessed as group 2–5 PH and to have a baseline ISWT within three months of cardiac catheterization. Patients were stratified according to incremental shuttle walk test distance (ISWD) and ISWT distance percent predicted (ISWD%pred). A total of 479 patients with non-group 1 PH were identified. ISWD and ISWD%pred correlated significantly with symptoms and hemodynamic severity. ISWD and ISWD%pred predicted survival with no ceiling effect. The test was prognostic in groups 2, 3, and 4. ISWD and ISWD%pred and change in ISWD and ISWD%pred at one year were all significant predictors of outcome. In patients with non-group 1 PH the ISWT is a simple non-invasive test that is easy to perform, is predictive of survival at baseline and follow-up, reflects change, and can be used in the assessment of PH of any etiology.

scholarly journals Effects of Tai Chi versus Proprioception Exercise Program on Neuromuscular Function of the Ankle in Elderly People: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Xue-Qiang Wang ◽  
Jie-Jiao Zheng ◽  
Yu-Jian Pan ◽  
Ying-Hui Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Joint Position

Background. Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese medicine exercise used for improving neuromuscular function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Tai Chi versus proprioception exercise program on neuromuscular function of the ankle in elderly people.Methods. Sixty elderly subjects were randomly allocated into three groups of 20 subjects per group. For 16 consecutive weeks, subjects participated in Tai Chi, proprioception exercise, or no structured exercise. Primary outcome measures included joint position sense and muscle strength of ankle. Subjects completed a satisfaction questionnaire upon study completion in Tai Chi and proprioception groups.Results. (1) Both Tai Chi group and proprioception exercise group were significantly better than control group in joint position sense of ankle, and there were no significant differences in joint position sense of ankle between TC group and PE group. (2) There were no significant differences in muscle strength of ankle among groups. (3) Subjects expressed more satisfaction with Tai Chi than with proprioception exercise program.Conclusions. None of the outcome measures on neuromuscular function at the ankle showed significant change posttraining in the two structured exercise groups. However, the subjects expressed more interest in and satisfaction with Tai Chi than proprioception exercise.

scholarly journals Distinguishing Motor Weakness From Impaired Spatial Awareness: A Helping Hand!

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117954761770946
Author(s):  
Suneil A Raju ◽  
Charles R Swift ◽  
Karna Dev Bardhan
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Rehabilitation Medicine ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Spatial Awareness ◽  
Motor Weakness ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Literature Evidence ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Our patient, aged 73 years, had background peripheral neuropathy of unknown cause, stable for several years, which caused some difficulty in walking on uneven ground. He attended for a teaching session but now staggered in, a new development. He had apparent weakness of his right arm, but there was difficulty in distinguishing motor weakness from impaired spatial awareness suggestive of parietal lobe dysfunction. With the patient seated, eyes closed, and left arm outstretched, S.A.R. lifted the patient’s right arm and asked him to indicate when both were level. This confirmed motor weakness. Urgent computed tomographic scan confirmed left subdural haematoma and its urgent evacuation rapidly resolved the patient’s symptoms. Intrigued by our patient’s case, we explored further and learnt that in rehabilitation medicine, the awareness of limb position is commonly viewed in terms of joint position sense. We present recent literature evidence indicating that the underlying mechanisms are more subtle.

Characteristics of people with recurrent ankle sprains: a systematic review with meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 660-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire E Hiller ◽  
Elizabeth J Nightingale ◽  
Chung-Wei Christine Lin ◽  
Garrett F Coughlan ◽  
Brian Caulfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Recurrent Ankle Sprain

ObjectiveTo examine whether people with recurrent ankle sprain, have specific physical and sensorimotor deficits.DesignA systematic review of journal articles in English using electronic databases to September 2009. Included articles compared physical or sensorimotor measures in people with recurrent (≥2) ankle sprains and uninjured controls.Main outcome groupsOutcome measures were grouped into: physical characteristics, strength, postural stability, proprioception, response to perturbation, biomechanics and functional tests. A meta-analysis was undertaken where comparable results within an outcome group were inconsistent.ResultsFifty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Compared with healthy controls, people with recurrent sprains demonstrated radiographic changes in the talus, changes in foot position during gait and prolonged time to stabilisation after a jump. There were no differences in ankle range of motion or functional test performance. Pooled results showed greater postural sway when standing with eyes closed (SMD=0.9, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.4) or on unstable surfaces (0.5, 0.1 to 1.0) and decreased concentric inversion strength (1.1, 0.2 to 2.1) but no difference in evertor strength, inversion joint position sense or peroneal latency in response to a perturbation.ConclusionThere are specific impairments in people with recurrent ankle sprain but not necessarily in areas commonly investigated.

Shoulder Joint Position Sense in Injured and Noninjured Judo Athletes

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carly May Green ◽  
Paul Comfort ◽  
Lee Herrington
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Judo Athletes

Context:A reduction in joint position sense (JPS) is sometimes a consequence of shoulder injury that may adversely affect the ability to maintain dynamic joint stability.Objective:To compare shoulder JPS between previously injured and noninjured judokas.Design:Cohort study.Participants:Twenty-nine noninjured subjects (10.93 ± 3.45 years) and eleven injured subjects (15.09 ± 3.39 years).Main Outcome Measures:JPS was tested at 45° and 80°of shoulder external rotation at 90° of abduction.Results:No signifcant difference in JPS was found between previously injured and noninjured judokas at either joint position.Conclusion:Despite evidence that JPS acuity decreases following shoulder injury, this study did not demonstrate a difference in average error between previously injured and noninjured judokas. Uncontrolled confounding factors, such as age and time since injury, may have affected the results. Sport-specifc shoulder joint loading patterns may also be an important factor that affects JPS.

scholarly journals Criterion-Related Validity of Knee Joint-Position-Sense Measurement Using Image Capture and Isokinetic Dynamometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Relph ◽  
Lee Herrington
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Significant Difference

Context: Clinicians require portable, valid, and cost-effective methods to monitor knee joint-position-sense (JPS) ability. Objective: To examine the criterion-related validity of image-capture JPS measures against an isokinetic-dynamometer (IKD) procedure. Design: Random crossover design providing a comparison of knee JPS measures from image capture and IKD procedures. Participants: 10 healthy participants, 5 female, age 28.0 ± 13.29 y, mass 60.3 ± 9.02 kg, height 1.65 ± 0.07 m, and 5 male, 29.6 ± 10.74 y, mass 73.6 ± 5.86 kg, height 1.75 ± 0.07 m. Main Outcome Measures: The dependent variables were absolute error scores (AES) provided by 2 knee directions (flexion and extension). The independent variables were the method (image capture and IKD). Results: There was no significant difference between clinical and IKD AED into knee-extension data (P = .263, r = 0.55). There was a significant difference between clinical and IKD AES into knee-flexion data (P = .016, r =.70). Conclusions: Analysis of photographic images to assess JPS measurements using knee flexion is valid against IKD techniques. However, photo-analysis measurements provided a lower error score using knee-extension data and thus may provide an optimal environment to produce maximal knee JPS acuity. Therefore, clinicians do not need expensive equipment to collect representative JPS ability.

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