Intersession Reliability of Isokinetic Strength Testing in Knee and Elbow Extension and Flexion Using the BTE PrimusRS

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Törpel ◽  
Tim Becker ◽  
Angelina Thiers ◽  
Dennis Hamacher ◽  
Lutz Schega
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Isokinetic Testing ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Isokinetic Strength Testing ◽  
Absolute Reliability

Context:The use of isokinetic dynamometers playing an important role in different settings of sports and medicine. Therefore, a high reliability of these devices is required. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the intersession reliability of the dynamometer BTE PrimusRS regarding to the isolated single-joint exercises extension/flexion of the knee and elbow for isokinetic testing. Design: Intersession reliability. Setting: Clinical settings and sports science. Participants: 16 young male students. Intervention: The testing protocol includes 5 consecutive repetitions (concentric/concentric) at a velocity of 60°/s for the exercises. Main Outcome Measures: Raw data of torque curves were used to determine the peak torque. Reliability was evaluated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the limits of agreement (LoA), and the bias and the variability of measurements (V). Results: High ICC values (.954-.991) were found for the used exercises. However, the LoAs yielded up to over 16 Nm and the V yielded up to nearly 9 % in several testing exercises, indicating poor absolute reliability. Conclusion: The BTE PrimusRS shows good to excellent reliability. However, regarding the absolute measures of reliability, the users must decide as experts in their fields whether this reliability is sufficient for their purposes.

Reproducibility of velocity-dependent power: before and after lengthening contractions

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Power ◽  
Brian H. Dalton ◽  
Charles L. Rice ◽  
Anthony A. Vandervoort
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
Lengthening Contractions ◽  
Isokinetic Testing ◽  
Typical Error ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Absolute Reliability ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexors

The determination of power using isokinetic testing has been shown to be highly reliable. However, isotonic and isokinetic testing involve specific mechanical constraints that likely necessitate different neuromuscular strategies. Therefore, the purpose here was to establish test–retest intrarater reliability (separated by 7 days) of loaded maximal shortening velocity and velocity-dependent power of the ankle dorsiflexors using the isotonic mode of the Biodex dynamometer (i) at baseline and (ii) throughout recovery following 150 high-intensity lengthening contractions. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC)2,1 with 95% CIs were used to determine relative reliability, whereas absolute reliability included typical error (TEM) and typical error expressed as a coefficient of variation (TEMCV). Twenty-four young men and women volunteered for the study. Maximal shortening velocity and power were determined with a fixed resistance set at 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction across 2 testing sessions separated by 7 days. ICCs were 0.93 and 0.98 for maximal shortening velocity and peak power, respectively. Following the lengthening contractions, ICCs indicated high reliability for maximal shortening velocity and peak power, 0.86 and 0.94, respectively, suggesting that a similar amount of fatigue was incurred on both days. Measures of absolute reliability for maximal shortening velocity and peak power also yielded high reliability. The isotonic mode is highly reliable when testing velocity-dependent power of the ankle dorsiflexors at baseline and following fatiguing lengthening contractions. The high reliability of this measure is encouraging and suggests that the isotonic mode can be used in various settings to track group changes before and after training and following fatigue and lengthening contractions.

Test–Retest Reliability of Skill Tests in the F-MARC Battery for Youth Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 1006-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Padrón-Cabo ◽  
Ezequiel Rey ◽  
Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós ◽  
Anton Kalén
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Absolute Reliability ◽  
Error Of Measurement

This study aimed to evaluate the test–retest reliability of soccer skill tests belonging to the F-MARC test battery. To avoid bias during talent identification and development, coaches and scouts should be using reliable tests for assessing soccer-specific skills in young male players. Fifty-two U-14 outfield male soccer players performed F-MARC soccer skill tests on two occasions, separated by 7 days. After familiarization, we administered two trial sessions of five skill tests: speed dribbling, juggling, shooting, passing, and heading. We assessed absolute reliability by expressing the standard error of measurement as a coefficient of variation with 95% limits of agreement, and we assessed relative reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient and with Pearson’s correlation ( r). The results demonstrated satisfactory relative and absolute reliability for speed dribbling, right foot juggling, short passing, shooting a dead ball right, shooting from a pass, heading in front, and heading right. However, reliability values for left foot juggling, chest-head-foot juggling, head-left-foot-right foot-chest-head juggling, long pass, and shooting a dead ball left tests were not strong enough to suggest their usage by coaches in training or sport scientists in research.

scholarly journals Reliability of Isometric and Eccentric Isokinetic Shoulder External Rotation

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna M. Papotto ◽  
Thomas Rice ◽  
Terry Malone ◽  
Timothy Butterfield ◽  
Tim L. Uhl
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Isokinetic Testing ◽  
Deceleration Phase ◽  
Shoulder Muscles ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation ◽  
Average Angle

Context: Shoulder external rotators are challenged eccentrically throughout the deceleration phase of throwing, which is thought to contribute to overuse injuries. To evaluate the effectiveness of intervention programs, as well as identifying deficits, reliable and responsive measures of isometric and eccentric shoulder external rotation are necessary. Previously, isometric measures have primarily tested a single position, and eccentric measures have not been found to have high reliability. Objective: To examine the between-days reliability of multiple-angle isometric and dynamic eccentric isokinetic testing of shoulder external rotation. Design: Repeated measures. Participants: 10 healthy subjects (age 30 ± 12 y, height 166 ± 13 cm, mass 72 ± 10 kg). Main Outcome Measures: Average isometric peak torque of shoulder external rotation at 7 angles was measured. From these values, the angle of isometric peak torque was calculated. Dynamic eccentric average peak torque, average total work, and average angle of peak torque were measured. Results: Between-days reliability was high for average peak torque during isometric contractions at all angles (ICC ≥ .85), as it was for dynamic eccentric average peak torque (ICC ≥ .97). The estimated angle of isometric peak torque (ICC ≤ .65) was not highly reliable between days. The average angle of peak torque from the eccentric testing produced inconsistent results. Average total work of dynamic eccentric shoulder external rotation was found to be highly reliable between days (ICC ≥ . 97). Conclusion: Aspects of force such as peak torque and total work in isometric and eccentric testing of the shoulder external-rotator muscles can be measured reliably between days and used to objectively evaluate shoulder strength and identify changes when they occur. Angle measurements of peak torque could provide insight into the mechanical properties of the posterior shoulder muscles but were found to be inconsistent between days.

scholarly journals Reliability of Ankle Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Strength and Power Testing in Older Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1165-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra C. Webber ◽  
Michelle M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Homogeneous Sample ◽  
Ankle Strength ◽  
Absolute Reliability

BackgroundAnkle strength (force-generating capacity) and power (work produced per unit of time or product of strength and speed) capabilities influence physical function (eg, walking, balance) in older adults. Although strength and power parameters frequently are measured with dynamometers, few studies have examined the reliability of measurements of different types of contractions.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine relative and absolute intrarater reliability of isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic ankle measures in older women.DesignThis was a prospective, descriptive methodological study.MethodsThe following dorsiflexion (DF) and plantar-flexion (PF) measures were assessed twice (7 days apart) by the same examiner in 30 older women (mean age=73.3 years, SD=4.7): isometric peak torque and rate of torque development (RTD), isotonic peak velocity, average acceleration and peak power, and isokinetic peak torque and peak power (30°/s and 90°/s). Several statistical methods were used to examine relative and absolute reliability.ResultsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for the DF tests (ICC=.76–.97) were generally higher than ICCs for matched PF tests (ICC=.58–.93). Measures of absolute reliability (eg, coefficient of variation of the typical error [CVTE]) also demonstrated more reliable values for DF tests (5%–18%) compared with PF tests (7%–37%). Isotonic peak velocity tests at minimal loads were associated with the lowest CVTE and ratio limits of agreement values for both DF (5% and 14%, respectively) and PF (7% and 18%, respectively). Isometric RTD variables were the least reliable (CVTE=16%–37%).LimitationsThis study was limited to a relatively homogeneous sample of older women.ConclusionsTest-retest reliability was adequate for determining changes at the group level for all strength and power variables except isometric RTD. Minimal detectable change scores were determined to assist clinicians in assessing meaningful change over time in ankle strength and power measurements within individuals.

Knee Flexor: Extensor Isokinetic Ratios in Young Male Gymnasts and Swimmers

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theophanis Siatras ◽  
Dimitra Mameletzi ◽  
Spiros Kellis
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Training Context ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Isokinetic Testing ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Isokinetic Peak Torque

The purpose of the study was to determine young male gymnasts’ and swimmers’ knee flexor:extensor (F:E) ratios during isokinetic testing at different velocities. Nine gymnasts (10.3 ± 0.5 years) and 14 swimmers (10.5 ± 0.5 years) participated. Concentric isokinetic peak torque was measured by a Cybex® Norm dynamometer at different angular velocities (60,120, and 180°/s) during unilateral knee extensions and flexions after gravity correction. Significant differences were found only in gymnasts’ knee F:E peak-torque ratios between the angular velocities of 60 and 120°/s (p < 0.01), as well as 60–180°/s (p < .01), whereas swimmers’ ratios were unchanged. Gymnasts presented significantly higher F:E ratios than swimmers did at the angular velocities of 120°/s (p < .01) and 180°/s (p < .001). The reciprocal ratios provided some indication that the training context of young athletes can influence the balance between agonistic and antagonistic activity of the lower limbs’ major muscle groups.

Young male students and eating disorders

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dixe ◽  
P. Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Male Students

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between the overhead press and split jerk maximum performance? Influence of sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110204
Author(s):  
Marcos A Soriano ◽  
G Gregory Haff ◽  
Paul Comfort ◽  
Francisco J Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Antonio Torres-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients

The aims of this study were to (I) determine the differences and relationship between the overhead press and split jerk performance in athletes involved in weightlifting training, and (II) explore the magnitude of these differences in one-repetition maximum (1RM) performances between sexes. Sixty-one men (age: 30.4 ± 6.7 years; height: 1.8 ± 0.5 m; body mass 82.5 ± 8.5 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.7 ± 3.5 yrs) and 21 women (age: 29.5 ± 5.2 yrs; height: 1.7 ± 0.5 m; body mass: 62.6 ± 5.7 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.0 ± 1.5 yrs) participated. The 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk were assessed for all participants, with the overhead press assessed on two occasions to determine between-session reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and 95% confidence intervals showed a high reliability for the overhead press ICC = 0.98 (0.97 – 0.99). A very strong correlation and significant differences were found between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances for all participants (r = 0.90 [0.93 – 0.85], 60.2 ± 18.3 kg, 95.7 ± 29.3 kg, p ≤ 0.001). Men demonstrated stronger correlations between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances (r = 0.83 [0.73-0.90], p ≤ 0.001) compared with women (r = 0.56 [0.17-0.80], p = 0.008). These results provide evidence that 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk performance are highly related, highlighting the importance of upper-limb strength in the split jerk maximum performance.

Reliability of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt measurements using a modified digital inclinometer in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Da-In An ◽  
Jung-Eun Park ◽  
Chang-Hyung Lee ◽  
Soo-Yong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Subacromial Impingement Syndrome ◽  
Subacromial Impingement ◽  
Digital Inclinometer ◽  
Posterior Tilt ◽  
Standard Error Of Measurement ◽  
Absolute Reliability ◽  
Anterior Posterior

BACKGROUD: Reliable scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt data are required for patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Only a few studies have explored the reliability of such measurements derived using a modified inclinometer. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative and absolute reliability of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt measurements derived using a modified digital inclinometer in patients with SIS. METHOD: Seventeen SIS patients were assessed twice within 1 week. We determined the relative and absolute measurement reliability by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Both intra- and interrater reliability were determined. RESULTS: The intra-rater reliability (both measurements) was high (0.72–0.88), and the interrater ICC was high to excellent (0.72–0.98). Clinically acceptable SEM and MCID values were obtained for scapular upward rotation (SEM: 4.28–9.33∘, MCID: 5.1–11.3∘) and anterior-posterior tilt (SEM: 3.72–7.55∘, MCID: 2.5–10.8∘). CONCLUSIONS: Measurements of scapular upward rotation and anterior-posterior tilt using a modified digital inclinometer reliably reveal scapular position and kinematics in patients with SIS.

Influence of school bag loads and carrying methods on body strain among young male students

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 103095
Author(s):  
Yi-Lang Chen ◽  
Hong-Tam Nguyen ◽  
Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Male Students

Validity of Isokinetic and Isometric Testing modalities for Assessing Short-term Resistance Exercise Strength Gains

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Fry ◽  
Dawn R. Powell ◽  
William J. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Isokinetic Testing ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Leg Flexion ◽  
Isokinetic Torque ◽  
Torque Values

Although it is generally accepted that human performance must be assessed in a manner specific to the training, previous studies have violated this principle. In order to determine the validity of evaluating short-term resistance training programs with isometric and isokinetic measures, 23 recreationally active males participated in an 8-week training program. Subjects were randomly divided into barbell squat, hip sled, leg extension, and control groups. Pre- and posttesting of quadriceps strength was performed with a Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. Six angle-specific torques (N.m) were determined at 0 rad-s-1 and 1.05 rad-s-1. Ten RM training loads increased significantly for all groups that trained. Isometric torque values differed significantly from isokinetic torque values at 30, 60, 75, and 90° of leg flexion for all groups. No significant torque increases from pre- to posttest were observed for any group at any limb angle for either isometric or isokinetic testing, or for isokinetic peak torque. This indicates that strength increases during short-term dynamic external resistance exercise are not adequately assessed with either isometric or isokinetic evaluations.

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