Effects of Mirror and Metronome Use on Spontaneous Dance Movements

Motor Control ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
Derrick D. Brown ◽  
Jurjen Bosga ◽  
Ruud G.J. Meulenbroek
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Sample Entropy ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Acceleration Time ◽  
Dance Movements

This study investigated effects of mirror and metronome use on spontaneous upper body movements by 10 preprofessional dancers in a motor task in which maximally diverse upper body movement patterns were targeted. Hand and trunk accelerations were digitally recorded utilizing accelerometers and analyzed using polar frequency distributions of the realized acceleration directions and sample entropy of the acceleration time. Acceleration directions were more variably used by the arms than by the torso, particularly so when participants monitored their performance via a mirror. Metronome use hardly affected the predictability of the acceleration time series. The findings underscore the intrinsic limitations that people experience when being asked to move randomly and reveal moderate effects of visual and acoustic constraints on doing so in dance.

scholarly journals Analysis of Movement Entropy during Community Dance Programs for People with Parkinson’s Disease and Older Adults: A Cohort Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Peter Gates ◽  
Fred M. Discenzo ◽  
Jin Hyun Kim ◽  
Zachary Lemke ◽  
Joan Meggitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Community Dance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dance Movements

Dance therapy can improve motor skills, balance, posture, and gait in people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy older adults (OA). It is not clear how specific movement patterns during dance promote these benefits. The purpose of this cohort study was to identify differences and complexity in dance movement patterns among different dance styles for PD and OA participants in community dance programs using approximate entropy (ApEn) analysis. The hypothesis was that PD participants will show greater ApEn during dance than OA participants and that the unique dance style of tango with more pronounced foot technique and sharp direction changes will show greater ApEn than smoother dance types such as foxtrot and waltz characterized by gradual changes in direction and gliding movement with rise and fall. Individuals participated in one-hour community dance classes. Movement data were captured using porTable 3D motion capture sensors attached to the arms, torso and legs. Classes were also video recorded to assist in analyzing the dance steps. Movement patterns were captured and ApEn was calculated to quantify the complexity of movements. Participants with PD had greater ApEn in right knee flexion during dance movements than left knee flexion (p = 0.02), greater ApEn of right than left hip flexion (p = 0.05), and greater left hip rotation than right (p = 0.03). There was no significant difference in ApEn of body movements (p > 0.4) or mean body movements (p > 0.3) at any body-segment in OA. ApEn analysis is valuable for quantifying the degree of control and predictability of dance movements and could be used as another tool to assess the movement control of dancers and aid in the development of dance therapies.

Time Series Analysis of Ultrasonic Observations of Gross Fetal Body Movements during the Last 10 Weeks of Pregnancy

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Campbell ◽  
Ian MacNeill ◽  
John Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Significant Power ◽  
First Order ◽  
Auto Regression

Thirty fetuses were observed for 24 hours and one fetus was observed for 20 hours during the last 10 weeks of gestation. Observations were made of the amount of gross fetal body movement in each successive 5 minute observation epoch, thus resulting in 30 time series of 288 observations and one time series of 240 observations. Spectral analysis of these time series demonstrated the presence of significant power in the frequency range of 0.002 to 0.0175 cpm. Application of Box-Jenkins techniques to the time series resulted in the choice of a first-order auto-regression model to fit the data. It was concluded that the incidence of episodes of gross fetal body movements were non-random and were, in fact, pseudoperiodic.

Comparing Violinists’ Body Movements While Standing, Sitting, and in Sitting Orientations to the Right or Left of a Music Stand

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Spahn ◽  
Céline Wasmer ◽  
Franziska Eickhoff ◽  
Manfred Nusseck
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stress And Health ◽  
3D Motion Capture

OBJECTIVES: For violinists, it is common practice to play while standing or sitting. When playing in an orchestra, generally two persons share one music stand, with one sitting to the right and the other to the left of the stand. The present study investigated specific movement patterns while playing in these different positions. METHODS: Using a posturographic device and 3D motion capture, the body weight distributions and specific body movements of 19 violinists were analyzed. RESULTS: Results showed unbalanced weight distributions while sitting in front of or oriented to the right of the music stand compared to the almost even distributions while standing or oriented to the left of the stand. Analyses of movement patterns showed significant differences between standing and sitting, mainly in the upper body parts with less movability while sitting. While sitting in front of or oriented to the right of the music stand, the right bowing arm showed more restricted movements compared to other positions. CONCLUSION: The playing positions are discussed with regard to possible physiological stress and health risks. The study emphasizes the importance of different playing positions and offers starting points for discussion of postural influences and sensible handling of the instrument in performance and practice for violinists.

scholarly journals The Effect of Music Therapy in Counseling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresia Tri Kinasih Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
General Public ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Dance Movements ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Performance

In general, dance and movement is a performance that is shown in the staging event. Dance is an activitythat uses body movements where muscles throughout the body rub against each other to be able to make abeautiful body movement, and also the need for the right rhythm and beats to make movements in dancedance to be beautiful, but what if motion and dance are used in the world of counseling , through musicalaccompaniment in accordance with dance movements that can make the counselee become more relaxed,both mentally, physically, and mentally. The purpose of writing this paper is to provide newknowledge to the general public about music in counseling sessions.

scholarly journals Explaining “What for” in Motion Analysis Research: A Proposal for a Counterfactual Framework That Is Slightly Different From the Theory of Causation

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Omura ◽  
Senshi Fukashiro ◽  
Shinsuke Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Criterion Movement

In motion analysis research, the methodology for estimating the physical processes of human movement is highly developed, but the methodology for interpreting such data is relatively undeveloped. One of the aims of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of developing a conceptual basis for interpreting data about the physical processes of body movement. In this conceptual study, one topic was discussed as a central question: what it means to answer the question what a certain movement technique is aimed for. We first introduced the distinction between explanations from the perspective of causes and explanations from the perspective of purposes as a mode of explaining events, and pointed out the importance of explanations from the perspective of purposes. We next argued that by taking the perspective of whether a given movement technique leads to a desired outcome in comparison to other movement techniques, we can expect to interpret what a given movement technique is for based on objectively observable information rather than the subjective intentions of the athlete. In addition, we discussed how the criterion movement patterns should be defined when assessing the fitness for purpose of a given movement technique in terms of its consequences. In this regard, our argument is that it is necessary to take into account that the exact same movement pattern cannot be performed every time, even for the same motor task, and that there are multiple options for how to define the set of possible movement patterns that can be performed. Our discussion reveals the peculiarity of grasping the meaning of movement techniques, and therefore suggests that there is a substantial need for motion analysis researchers to deepen their conceptual analysis to understand the nature of this issue.

Movement Analysis of Philippine Folk Dance Itik-itik

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Pangilinan Math C ◽  
Fontanilla Lyndo V ◽  
Pineda Israel C ◽  
Rocelle E Agtang ◽  
Soriano Ria M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Adductor Muscle ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Dance Teacher ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Dance Movements

The purpose of the study was to describe and analyze the dance movements of the Philippine folk dance Itik-itik. The researchers adopted the movement analysis method similar to that of Mackenzie that involves the (1) description of the actual movements which occur at the joints involved; (2) the plane in which the movement occurs; and (3) the muscles producing the movement (agonist & antagonist). In addition, similar to the study of Martin and Miller, the researchers also had done a mechanical analysis on the lever type involved in the execution of the dance movement in terms of force, axis, and resistance. Results revealed that the prominent dance steps in the Philippine local dance Itik-itik are the (1) running, (2) cross step, slide close, slide close step, (3) heel, close-ball, close arm, (4) step, slide-close, slide, (5) arms extension/flexion, and (6) flapping of the arms. The joints involved are the shoulder and hip muscle which are ball and socket type of joints; and elbow, knee and ankle which are hinge joints. The major muscles involved in the dance for the lower body include the quadriceps, hamstring muscle group, adductor muscle group, calves and gluts. While for the upper body muscles involved are the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, trapezius, biceps, and triceps muscles. The type of lever used in performing the dance comprise majority of 1st class and 3rd class levers. By knowing the muscles involved in the dance the dance teacher may be able to devise activities to gradually prepare the prime mover muscles before the actual execution for injury prevention. Thus, the movements in the dance may improve the health and skill related fitness of the performers.

Cross-sample entropy estimation for time series analysis: a nonparametric approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Ramírez-Parietti ◽  
Javier E. Contreras-Reyes ◽  
Byron J. Idrovo-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Sample Entropy ◽  
Entropy Estimation ◽  
Nonparametric Approach ◽  
Series Analysis

scholarly journals Multiscale Sample Entropy of Two-Dimensional Decaying Turbulence

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Ildoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Soap Film ◽  
Sample Entropy ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Entropy Analysis ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Energetic Analysis ◽  
Turbulence Data ◽  
Decaying Turbulence

Multiscale sample entropy analysis has been developed to quantify the complexity and the predictability of a time series, originally developed for physiological time series. In this study, the analysis was applied to the turbulence data. We measured time series data for the velocity fluctuation, in either the longitudinal or transverse direction, of turbulent soap film flows at various locations. The research was to assess the feasibility of using the entropy analysis to qualitatively characterize turbulence, without using any conventional energetic analysis of turbulence. The study showed that the application of the entropy analysis to the turbulence data is promising. From the analysis, we successfully captured two important features of the turbulent soap films. It is indicated that the turbulence is anisotropic from the directional disparity. In addition, we observed that the most unpredictable time scale increases with the downstream distance, which is an indication of the decaying turbulence.

KABUTO: Inducing Upper-Body Movements using a Head Mounted Haptic Display with Flywheels

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taku Tanichi ◽  
Futa Asada ◽  
Kento Matsuda ◽  
Danny Hynds ◽  
Kouta Minamizawa
Keyword(s):  
Upper Body ◽  
Haptic Display ◽  
Body Movements

scholarly journals The Systematic Bias of Entropy Calculation in the Multi-Scale Entropy Algorithm

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Jue Lu ◽  
Ze Wang
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Coarse Graining ◽  
Sample Entropy ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Original Time Series ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Surrogate Measure ◽  
Original Time

Entropy indicates irregularity or randomness of a dynamic system. Over the decades, entropy calculated at different scales of the system through subsampling or coarse graining has been used as a surrogate measure of system complexity. One popular multi-scale entropy analysis is the multi-scale sample entropy (MSE), which calculates entropy through the sample entropy (SampEn) formula at each time scale. SampEn is defined by the “logarithmic likelihood” that a small section (within a window of a length m) of the data “matches” with other sections will still “match” the others if the section window length increases by one. “Match” is defined by a threshold of r times standard deviation of the entire time series. A problem of current MSE algorithm is that SampEn calculations at different scales are based on the same matching threshold defined by the original time series but data standard deviation actually changes with the subsampling scales. Using a fixed threshold will automatically introduce systematic bias to the calculation results. The purpose of this paper is to mathematically present this systematic bias and to provide methods for correcting it. Our work will help the large MSE user community avoiding introducing the bias to their multi-scale SampEn calculation results.

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