scholarly journals Quantum harmonic oscillator state synthesis by reservoir engineering

Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 347 (6217) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kienzler ◽  
H.-Y. Lo ◽  
B. Keitch ◽  
L. de Clercq ◽  
F. Leupold ◽  
...  

The robust generation of quantum states in the presence of decoherence is a primary challenge for explorations of quantum mechanics at larger scales. Using the mechanical motion of a single trapped ion, we utilize reservoir engineering to generate squeezed, coherent, and displaced-squeezed states as steady states in the presence of noise. We verify the created state by generating two-state correlated spin-motion Rabi oscillations, resulting in high-contrast measurements. For both cooling and measurement, we use spin-oscillator couplings that provide transitions between oscillator states in an engineered Fock state basis. Our approach should facilitate studies of entanglement, quantum computation, and open-system quantum simulations in a wide range of physical systems.

Author(s):  
Okolie S.O. ◽  
Kuyoro S.O. ◽  
Ohwo O. B

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) will revolutionize how humans relate with the physical world around us. Many grand challenges await the economically vital domains of transportation, health-care, manufacturing, agriculture, energy, defence, aerospace and buildings. Exploration of these potentialities around space and time would create applications which would affect societal and economic benefit. This paper looks into the concept of emerging Cyber-Physical system, applications and security issues in sustaining development in various economic sectors; outlining a set of strategic Research and Development opportunities that should be accosted, so as to allow upgraded CPS to attain their potential and provide a wide range of societal advantages in the future.


2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Miles ◽  
J. Zhou

An analysis is presented of the motion of a thin fiber, supported on each end, due to a sound wave that propagates in the direction perpendicular to its long axis. Predicted and measured results indicate that when fibers or hairs having a diameter measurably less than 1 μm are subjected to air-borne acoustic excitation, their motion can be a very reasonable approximation to that of the acoustic particle motion at frequencies spanning the audible range. For much of the audible range of frequencies resonant behavior due to reflections from the supports tends to be heavily damped so that the details of the boundary conditions do not play a significant role in determining the overall system response. Thin fibers are thus constrained to simply move with the surrounding medium. These results suggest that if the diameter or radius is chosen to be sufficiently small, incorporating a suitable transduction scheme to convert its mechanical motion into an electronic signal could lead to a sound sensor that very closely depicts the acoustic particle motion over a wide range of frequencies.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Jonas Friese

Based on advances in scheduling analysis in the 1970s, a whole area of research has evolved: formal end-to-end latency analysis in real-time systems. Although multiple approaches from the scientific community have successfully been applied in industrial practice, a gap is emerging between the means provided by formally backed approaches and the need of the automotive industry where cyber-physical systems have taken over from classic embedded systems. They are accompanied by a shift to heterogeneous platforms build upon multicore architectures. Scien- tific techniques are often still based on too simple system models and estimations on important end-to-end latencies have only been tightened recently. To this end, we present an expressive system model and formally describe the problem of end-to-end latency analysis in modern automotive cyber-physical systems. Based on this we examine approaches to formally estimate tight end-to-end latencies in Chapter 4 and Chapter 5. The de- veloped approaches include a wide range of relevant systems. We show that our approach for the estimation of latencies of task chains dominates existing approaches in terms of tightness of the results. In the last chapter we make a brief digression to measurement analysis since measuring and simulation is an important part of verification in current industrial practice.


2015 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lake ◽  
S. Weidt ◽  
J. Randall ◽  
E. D. Standing ◽  
S. C. Webster ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Xiuchuan Tang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Wei Pan ◽  
Xiuting Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Cyber-physical systems embed software into the physical world. They appear in a wide range of applications such as smart grids, robotics, and intelligent manufacturing. Cyber-physical systems have proved resistant to modeling due to their intrinsic complexity arising from the combination of physical and cyber components and the interaction between them. This study proposes a general framework for discovering cyber-physical systems directly from data. The framework involves the identification of physical systems as well as the inference of transition logics. It has been applied successfully to a number of real-world examples. The novel framework seeks to understand the underlying mechanism of cyber-physical systems as well as make predictions concerning their state trajectories based on the discovered models. Such information has been proven essential for the assessment of the performance of cyber-physical systems; it can potentially help debug in the implementation procedure and guide the redesign to achieve the required performance.


Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
David Sloan

Dynamical similarities are non-standard symmetries found in a wide range of physical systems that identify solutions related by a change of scale. In this paper, we will show through a series of examples how this symmetry extends to the space of couplings, as measured through observations of a system. This can be exploited to focus on observations that can be used to distinguish between different theories and identify those which give rise to identical physical evolutions. These can be reduced into a description that makes no reference to scale. The resultant systems can be derived from Herglotz’s principle and generally exhibit friction. Here, we will demonstrate this through three example systems: the Kepler problem, the N-body system and Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmology.


Author(s):  
Robin Hanson

Interacting ems need not see exactly the same virtual environment. For example, each em might prefer to see a shared environment as decorated with their personal choices of colors or patterns. Ems might also prefer to overlay or augment their views of the virtual world with useful tags and statistics, or to see through virtual objects to see object components or to see what lies behind those objects. Virtual ems may have telescopic sight, allowing them to always vividly see anything anywhere they are allowed to view. However, overlays can impair perception, and so must be used carefully ( Sabelman and Lam 2015 ). To sensibly interact with others, ems usually want easy ways to quickly identify the aspects of their environments that they and their interaction partners see similarly. Some aspects of these worlds (such as where people are standing) are distinguished as shared by default, and interacting ems want standard ways to invite interaction partners to see some of their own less widely shared overlays and changes, and to accept such offers from others. At both work and play, many kinds of tasks require ems to manage physical systems. Such management often requires physical bodies (both immediate and extended) whose size, speed, shape, and materials sufficiently match those physical systems. It is also important for em minds to relate well to such bodies. But this seems feasible for a wide range of physical bodies. After all, people today interact with the world using a wide range of machines, such as vehicles and cranes, which they treat mentally as an extension of their bodies. For ems with task-matched physical bodies, the world they see and hear needn’t be an exact faithful representation of their physical world. For example, it might often be a sort of view like those in today’s head-up displays, overlaid with useful virtual annotations. But such overlays need to avoid overly obscuring important elements of that physical world. Because the feasibility, cost, and security of em interactions often depends on the physical and organizational locations of their brains and the brains of others, em virtual worlds may continually show such information about interaction partners. For example, ems often want to know when another em’s speed, period, phase, or distance makes direct fast interaction infeasible. So ems will need to share somewhat-realistic concepts of their locations in space and time.


AI Magazine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Vikas Agrawal ◽  
Jorge Baier ◽  
Kostas Bekris ◽  
Yiling Chen ◽  
Artur S. D'Avila Garcez ◽  
...  

The AAAI-12 Workshop program was held Sunday and Monday, July 22–23, 2012 at the Sheraton Centre Toronto Hotel in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The AAAI-12 workshop program included 9 workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. The titles of the workshops were Activity Context Representation: Techniques and Languages, AI for Data Center Management and Cloud Computing, Cognitive Robotics, Grounding Language for Physical Systems, Human Computation, Intelligent Techniques for Web Personalization and Recommendation, Multiagent Pathfinding, Neural-Symbolic Learning and Reasoning, Problem Solving Using Classical Planners, Semantic Cities. This article presents short summaries of those events.


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