ICEHpsaHPS7, a novel multiple drug-resistance integrative conjugative element in Glaesserella parasuis

Integrative conjugative elements (ICEs), a kind of novel self-transmissible mobile genetic element. In this study, a novel ICE was identified in Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis. We confirmed that it could mediate the migration of antimicrobial resistance genes in G. parasuis and found that there may have been a transferring potential between diﬀerent serovar strains of G. parasuis. These findings demonstrate that ICE is crucial to the horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance among G. parasuis.

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Prevalence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella spp. isolated from commercial chickens and human clinical isolates from South Africa and Brazil

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.4102/ojvr.v83i1.1067 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Oliver T. Zishiri ◽

Nelisiwe Mkhize ◽

Samson Mukaratirwa

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

South African ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Salmonellosis is a significant public health concern around the world. The injudicious use of antimicrobial agents in poultry production for treatment, growth promotion and prophylaxis has resulted in the emergence of drug resistant strains of Salmonella. The current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes from Salmonella isolated from South African and Brazilian broiler chickens as well as human clinical isolates. Out of a total of 200 chicken samples that were collected from South Africa 102 (51%) tested positive for Salmonella using the InvA gene. Of the overall 146 Salmonella positive samples that were screened for the iroB gene most of them were confirmed to be Salmonella enterica with the following prevalence rates: 85% of human clinical samples, 68.6% of South African chicken isolates and 70.8% of Brazilian chicken samples. All Salmonella isolates obtained were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing with 10 antibiotics. Salmonella isolates from South African chickens exhibited resistance to almost all antimicrobial agents used, such as tetracycline (93%), trimethoprim-sulfamthoxazole (84%), trimethoprim (78.4%), kanamycin (74%), gentamicin (48%), ampicillin (47%), amoxicillin (31%), chloramphenicol (31%), erythromycin (18%) and streptomycin (12%). All samples were further subjected to PCR in order to screen some common antimicrobial and virulence genes of interest namely spiC, pipD, misL, orfL, pse-1, tet A, tet B, ant (3")-la, sul 1 and sul. All Salmonella positive isolates exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent; however, antimicrobial resistance patterns demonstrated that multiple drug resistance was prevalent. The findings provide evidence that broiler chickens are colonised by pathogenic Salmonella harbouring antimicrobial resistance genes. Therefore, it is evident that there is a need for prudent use of antimicrobial agents in poultry production systems in order to mitigate the proliferation of multiple drug resistance across species.Keywords: Salmonella; antimicrobial resistance; chicken; human; susceptibility; virulence gene

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Multiple drug resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from aborted women by using serological and molecular techniques in Diwaniyah city/ Iraq

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v12i4.3933 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Firas Srhan Abd Al-Mayahi ◽

Saja Mahdey Jaber

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Immunological Study ◽

Bacteriological Diagnosis ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Iraqi Women

Background and Objectives: The study was sought to detect the effect of Listeria monocytogenes on pregnant Iraqi women at Al-Diwaniya hospitals and determination of virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. Materials and Methods: 360 specimens including blood, urine, vaginal and endocervical were collected from 90 patients with spontaneous abortions. Blood samples were displayed to immunological study and remaining specimens were subjected to bacteriological diagnosis. PCR was used to determine the virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes. Results: Fifteen positive samples (16.6%) of patients and thirteen isolates (14.5%) from patients were recognized based on ELISA and PCR assay respectively. The general isolation of L. monocytogenes strains in cases of abortive women was 13/270 (4.8%). L. monocytogenes strains were highly virulent because of presence of virulence factors associated genes, namely actA, hlyA, plcA and prfA in all strains. Multiple drug resistance (MAR) index values of 15.4% of isolates were >0.2. Conclusion: It is necessary for conducting susceptibility testing and to select the suitable antibiotics and avoid the effects of these bacteria in pregnant women.

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Identification of a multiple drug-resistance gene island in the Haemophilus parasuis chromosome

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

10.1016/j.jgar.2020.04.019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 422-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shoushen Yang ◽

Kewei Fan ◽

Weiming Lin ◽

Jiahui Wang ◽

Min Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Resistance Gene ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Haemophilus Parasuis ◽

Drug Resistance Gene ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance Gene ◽

Gene Island

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Identification of a Recently Dominant Sublineage in Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- Sequence Type 34 Isolated From Food Animals in Japan

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.690947 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Nobuo Arai ◽

Tsuyoshi Sekizuka ◽

Yukino Tamamura-Andoh ◽

Lisa Barco ◽

Atsushi Hinenoya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Mobile Genetic Element ◽

Sequence Type ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Genetic Element ◽

Gene Encoding ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽

Serovar Typhimurium ◽

Food Animals

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium sequence type 34 (ST34) and its monophasic variant (Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:-) are among the most frequently isolated clones from both humans and animals worldwide. Our previous study demonstrated that Salmonella Typhimurium/4,[5],12:i:- strains isolated in Japan could be classified into nine clades and that clade 9 consisted of ST34 strains. In Japan, ST34/clade 9 was first found in the 1990s and has become predominant among food animals in recent years. In the present study, we analyzed the whole genome-based phylogenetic relationships and temporal information of 214 Salmonella Typhimurium/4,[5],12:i:- ST34/clade 9 strains isolated from 1998 to 2017 in Japan. The 214 strains were classified into two sublineages: the newly identified clade 9–2 diverged from clade 9 in the early 2000s and has predominated in recent years. Clonally expanding subclades in clades 9–1 or 9–2 lacked Gifsy-1 or HP1 prophages, respectively, and some strains in these subclades acquired plasmids encoding antimicrobial resistance genes. Additional genome reduction around the fljB gene encoding the phase 2-H antigen was generated by an IS26-mediated deletion adjacent to the transposon in clade 9–2. Although most of the clade 9 strains were isolated from cattle in Japan, the clonally expanding subclades in clade 9–2 (i.e., all and 24% strains of subclades 9–2a and 9–2b, respectively) were isolated from swine. The spread of clade 9 in recent years among food animals in Japan was responsible for the emergence of multiple host-adapted sublineages involving the clonally expanding subclades generated by mobile genetic element-mediated microevolution.

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Antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of Salmonella isolated from food products of animal origin

Veterinariya, Zootekhniya i Biotekhnologiya ◽

10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202103003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 20-26

Author(s):

S. Yu. Karabanov ◽

◽

D. A. Makarov ◽

O. V. Karabanova ◽

O. E. Badmaev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Food Products ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Animal Food Products

Salmonella isolates (n=124) were taken from animal food products in different regions of the Russian Federation and investigated. Serogroup was determined, as well as sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. High levels of resistance to fluoroquinolones were revealed (70,97% of isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin). Multiple drug resistance was determined (16,1% of multiresistant isolates). Data analysis was performed using the AMRcloud online platform.

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Antimicrobial resistance and the ecology ofEscherichia coliplasmids

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s002217240006469x ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 181-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D. J. Platt ◽

J. S. Sommerville ◽

C. A. Kraft ◽

M. C. Timbury

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Multiple Drug Resistance ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

E Coli ◽

R Plasmids ◽

High Level

SummaryFour hundred and seven clinical isolates ofEscherichia coliwere examined for the presence of plasmids. These isolates comprised 189 which were collected irrespective of antimicrobial resistance (VP) and 218 which were collected on the basis of high-level trimethoprim resistance (TPR). The VP isolates were divided into drug sensitive (VPS) and drug-resistant (VPR) subpopulations.Plasmids were detected in 88% of VP isolates (81% of VPS and 94% of VPR) and 98% of TPR isolates. The distribution of plasmids in both groups and subpopulations was very similar. However, there were small but statistically significant differences between the plasmid distributions. These showed that more isolates in the resistant groups harboured plasmids than in the sensitive subpopulation (VPS) and that the number of plasmids carried by resistant isolates was greater. Multiple drug resistance was significantly more common among TPR isolates than the VPR subpopulation and this was paralleled by increased numbers of plasmids.Fifty-eight per cent of VPR and 57% of TPR isolates transferred antimicrobial resistance and plasmids toE. coliK12. Of the R+isolates, 60% carried small plasmids (MW < 20Md) and 52% of these co-transferred with R-plasmids. These results are discussed.

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