Amino Acid Biosynthetic Pathways Are Required forKlebsiella pneumoniaeGrowth in Immunocompromised Lungs and Are Druggable Targets during Infection
ABSTRACTThe emergence of multidrug-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaehas rendered a large array of infections difficult to treat. In a high-throughput genetic screen of factors required forK. pneumoniaesurvival in the lung, amino acid biosynthesis genes were critical for infection in both immunosuppressed and wild-type (WT) mice. The limited pool of amino acids in the lung did not change during infection and was insufficient forK. pneumoniaeto overcome attenuating mutations inaroA,hisA,leuA,leuB,serA,serB,trpE, andtyrAin WT and immunosuppressed mice. Deletion ofaroA, which encodes 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase class I, resulted in the most severe attenuation. Treatment with the EPSP synthase-specific competitive inhibitor glyphosate decreasedK. pneumoniaegrowth in the lungs.K. pneumoniaeexpressing two previously identified glyphosate-resistant mutations in EPSP synthase had significant colonization defects in lung infection. Selection and characterization of six spontaneously glyphosate-resistant mutants inK. pneumoniaeyielded no mutations inaroA. Strikingly, glyphosate treatment of mice lowered the bacterial burden of two of three spontaneous glyphosate-resistant mutants and further lowered the burden of the less-attenuated EPSP synthase catalytic mutant. Of 39 clinical isolate strains, 9 were resistant to glyphosate at levels comparable to those of selected resistant strains, and none appeared to be more highly resistant. These findings demonstrate amino acid biosynthetic pathways essential forK. pneumoniaeinfection are promising novel therapeutic targets.