scholarly journals Streptococcus suis in Brazil: Genotypic, Virulence, and Resistance Profiling of Strains Isolated from Pigs between 2001 and 2016

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. C. Matajira ◽  
Luisa Z. Moreno ◽  
Andre P. Poor ◽  
Vasco T. M. Gomes ◽  
Andressa C. Dalmutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Pfge Typing ◽  
Resistance Selection ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Isolation Period

Streptococcus suis remains an important challenge for the worldwide swine industry. Considering that Brazil is a major pork producer and exporter, proper monitoring of the pathogen and resistance rates are required. We present here the characterization of Brazilian S. suis strains isolated over a 15 year period by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, capsular, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance profiling. Serotype prevalence revealed a predominance of serotype 2/½ followed by 3, 7, 1/14, 6, 8, 18, 28, and 27; the latter had not yet been reported in Brazil. Resistance profiling enabled the differentiation of nine profiles presenting resistance to three and up to eight antimicrobial classes. Even though an association between the most resistant strains and isolation year starting from 2009 was observed, a high frequency of multidrug-resistant strains isolated from 2001 to 2003 was also detected. This suggests that despite the isolation period, S. suis strains already presented high resistance selection pressure. A slight association of serotype 2/½ with some virulence profiles and PFGE pulsotypes was also identified. Nevertheless, no clonal dispersion or persistency of clones over the analyzed years and herds was detected.

Characterization of swine isolates of Clostridium difficile in Spain: A potential source of epidemic multidrug resistant strains?

Anaerobe ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Peláez ◽  
Luis Alcalá ◽  
José L. Blanco ◽  
Sergio Álvarez-Pérez ◽  
Mercedes Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Resistant Strains

Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Enterobacterial Multidrug-Resistant Strains in Tlemcen Hospital (Algeria) (2008–2010)

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaket Baba Ahmed-Kazi Tani ◽  
Dominique Decré ◽  
Nathalie Genel ◽  
Zahia Boucherit-Otmani ◽  
Guillaume Arlet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Two Klebsiella pneumoniae Phages Encoding Divergent Depolymerases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Domingo-Calap ◽  
Beatriz Beamud ◽  
Lucas Mora-Quilis ◽  
Fernando González-Candelas ◽  
Rafael Sanjuán
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Tail Spike ◽  
Reference Strains

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is a major global health concern. The search for new therapies has brought bacteriophages into the spotlight, and new phages are being described as possible therapeutic agents. Among the bacteria that are most extensively resistant to current antibiotics is Klebsiella pneumoniae, whose hypervariable extracellular capsule makes treatment particularly difficult. Here, we describe two new K. pneumoniae phages, πVLC5 and πVLC6, isolated from environmental samples. These phages belong to the genus Drulisvirus within the family Podoviridae. Both phages encode a similar tail spike protein with putative depolymerase activity, which is shared among other related phages and probably determines their ability to specifically infect K. pneumoniae capsular types K22 and K37. In addition, we found that phage πVLC6 also infects capsular type K13 and is capable of striping the capsules of K. pneumoniae KL2 and KL3, although the phage was not infectious in these two strains. Genome sequence analysis suggested that the extended tropism of phage πVLC6 is conferred by a second, divergent depolymerase. Phage πVLC5 encodes yet another putative depolymerase, but we found no activity of this phage against capsular types other than K22 and K37, after testing a panel of 77 reference strains. Overall, our results confirm that most phages productively infected one or few Klebsiella capsular types. This constitutes an important challenge for clinical applications.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Genome Analysis of Carbapenem-Resistant Strains of Raoultella Species, an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Bacterium in Hospitals

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yu ◽  
Beiwen Zheng ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Hao Xu ◽  
Tingting Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacterium ◽  
The World ◽  
Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT We report the characterization of six carbapenem-resistant Raoultella spp. (CRRS) in our hospital and a genomic analysis of 58 publicly available isolates. CRRS isolates are sporadically identified around the world, and different transposons carrying carbapenemases were the resistant mechanisms. Mobile genetic elements play an important role in acquiring antibiotic resistance genes from the hospital. An improved understanding of these transposon and targeted control measures will be very valuable to prevent CRRS dissemination.

Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Strains ofSalmonella entericaSerotype Typhimurium and Monophasic Variant (S.4,[5],12:i:–) Isolated from Human Infections in Italy

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Dionisi ◽  
Caterina Graziani ◽  
Claudia Lucarelli ◽  
Emma Filetici ◽  
Laura Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Human Infections

scholarly journals Characterization of auto-agglutinating and non-typeable uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 465-472
Author(s):  
Ulises Hernández-Chiñas ◽  
Alejandro Pérez-Ramos ◽  
Laura Belmont-Monroy ◽  
María E Chávez-Berrocal ◽  
Edgar González-Villalobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Disk Method

Introduction: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the main etiological agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Association between different serotypes and UTIs is known, however, some strains are incapable to be serotyped. The aim of this work was to study bthe phenotypical and genotypical characteristics of 113 non-typeable (NT) and auto-agglutinating (AA) E. coli strains, isolated from UTIs in children and adults. Methodology: The 113 UPEC strains were analyzed by PCR assays using specific primers to determine their serogroups, fimH, papC, iutA, sat, hlyCA and cnf1, virulence associated genes, and chuA, yjaA and TSPE4.C2 for phylogroup determination. Additionally, the diffusion disk method was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance to 18 antimicrobial agents. Results: Using the PCR assay, 63% (71) of the strains were genotyped showing O25 and O75 as the most common serogroups. The virulence genes fimH (86%) and iutA (74%) were the most prevalent, in relation to the phylogroups the commensal (A and B1) and virulent (B2 and D) showed similar frequencies (P > 0.05). The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed a high percentage (73%) of multidrug-resistant strains. Conclusions: The genotyping allowed identifying the serogroup in many of the strains that could not be typed by traditional serology. The strains carried virulence genes and were multidrug-resistant in both, commensal and virulent phylogroups. Our findings revealed that, in addition to the classical UPEC serogroups, there are pathogenic serogroups not reported yet.

scholarly journals 725. WCK 5222 (Cefepime/Zidebactam): An In Vitro Assessment of Activity Compared with Current Dual-Antibiotic Options Against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S325-S325
Author(s):  
Elias M Mullane ◽  
Lindsay M Avery ◽  
David P Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gradient Diffusion ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PSA) is an opportunistic pathogen known to cause complications in critically ill patients worldwide. In those at risk of infection with multidrug-resistant strains (MDR-PSA), dual antibiotic therapy is often considered. However, this practice may contribute to rising resistance rates and poor outcomes if empirical selection is suboptimal. WCK 5222 (cefepime/zidebactam), a novel β-lactam/β-lactam enhancer, may offer a solution. Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined for WCK 5222, amikacin (AMK), fosfomycin (FOF), cefepime (FEP), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), and meropenem (MEM) against 18 clinical PSA isolates using gradient diffusion strip (GDS) methods. Activities of FEP, C/T, and MEM in combination with AMK and FOF were assessed using GDS for isolates nonsusceptible to the β-lactam (MICs >8 mg/L, >4/4 mg/L, and >2 mg/L, respectively). Synergy was defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration index ≤ 0.5. Instances of restored β-lactam susceptibility when tested in combination were compared with the proportion of WCK 5222 MICs ≤ 8 mg/L. Results WCK 5222 MICs ranged from 2 to 32 mg/L (MIC50, 8 mg/L). Rates of susceptibility were: AMK (67%), FOF (44%, MIC ≤ 64 mg/L), FEP (6%), C/T (33%), MEM (0%). Combinations with C/T most frequently demonstrated synergy (C/T-FOF, 42%; C/T-AMK, 33%) and restored C/T susceptibility was observed in 42% of assessments with FOF and in 50% with AMK. For FEP combinations, synergy was observed in 29% and 18% of assessments with FOF and AMK, respectively, with restored susceptibility in 6% for both combinations. Synergy occurred in 11% and 6% of assessments of MEM with FOF and AMK, respectively, with zero instances of restored susceptibility. In total, β-lactam susceptibility was restored in 14% (13/94) of combinations compared with 78% (14/18) of WCK 5222 MICs ≤ 8 mg/L. Conclusion In a selection of MDR-PSA isolates that included carbapenem- and C/T-resistant strains, WCK 5222 MICs ≤ 8 mg/L (cefepime susceptible) were observed more frequently than restoration of susceptibility in select β-lactams in combination with FOF or AMK. WCK 5222 monotherapy may offer enhanced coverage of MDR-PSA over empirically selected combination therapies. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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