scholarly journals Dynamics of Dual Infection with Campylobacter jejuni Strains in Chickens Reveals Distinct Strain-to-Strain Variation in Infection Ecology

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (20) ◽  
pp. 6366-6372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Chaloner ◽  
Paul Wigley ◽  
Suzanne Humphrey ◽  
Kirsty Kemmett ◽  
Lizeth Lacharme-Lora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Dual Infection ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Broiler Flock ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTAlthough multiple genotypes ofCampylobacter jejunimay be isolated from the same commercial broiler flock, little is known about the infection dynamics of different genotypes within individuals or their colonization sites within the gut. Single experimental infections withC. jejuniM1 (sequence type 137, clonal complex 45) andC. jejuni13126 (sequence type 21, clonal complex 21) revealed that 13126 colonized the ceca at significantly higher levels. The dissemination and colonization sites of the twoC. jejunistrains then were examined in an experimental broiler flock. Two 33-day-old broiler chickens were infected with M1 and two with 13126, and 15 birds were left unchallenged. Cloacal swabs were taken postinfection to determine the colonization and shedding of each strain. By 2 days postinfection (dpi), 8/19 birds were shedding M1 whereas none were shedding 13126. At 8 dpi, all birds were shedding both strains. At 18 dpi, liver and cecal levels of each isolate were quantified, while in 10 birds they also were quantified at nine sites throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. 13126 was found throughout the GI tract, while M1 was largely restricted to the ceca and colon. The livers of 7/19 birds were culture positive for 13126 only. These data show that 13126 has a distinctly different infection biology than strain M1. It showed slower colonization of the lower GI tract but was more invasive and able to colonize at a high level throughout the GI tract. The finding thatC. jejunistrains have markedly different infection ecologies within the chicken has implications for control in the poultry industry and suggests that the contamination risk of edible tissues is dependent on the isolate involved.

scholarly journals Evidence for Phenotypic Plasticity among Multihost Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli Lineages, Obtained Using Ribosomal Multilocus Sequence Typing and Raman Spectroscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 965-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Read ◽  
Dan J. Woodcock ◽  
Norval J. C. Strachan ◽  
Kenneth J. Forbes ◽  
Frances M. Colles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Automatic Relevance Determination ◽  
Clonal Origin

ABSTRACTClosely related bacterial isolates can display divergent phenotypes. This can limit the usefulness of phylogenetic studies for understanding bacterial ecology and evolution. Here, we compare phenotyping based on Raman spectrometric analysis of cellular composition to phylogenetic classification by ribosomal multilocus sequence typing (rMLST) in 108 isolates of the zoonotic pathogensCampylobacter jejuniandC. coli. Automatic relevance determination (ARD) was used to identify informative peaks in the Raman spectra that could be used to distinguish strains in taxonomic and host source groups (species, clade, clonal complex, and isolate source/host). Phenotypic characterization based on Raman spectra showed a degree of agreement with genotypic classification using rMLST, with segregation accuracy between species (83.95%), clade (inC. coli, 98.41%), and, to some extent, clonal complex (86.89%C. jejuniST-21 and ST-45 complexes) being achieved. This confirmed the utility of Raman spectroscopy for lineage classification and the correlation between genotypic and phenotypic classification. In parallel analysis, relatively distantly related isolates (different clonal complexes) were assigned the correct host origin irrespective of the clonal origin (74.07 to 96.97% accuracy) based upon different Raman peaks. This suggests that the phenotypic characteristics, from which the phenotypic signal is derived, are not fixed by clonal descent but are influenced by the host environment and change as strains move between hosts.

scholarly journals Comparison of Molecular Subtyping and Antimicrobial Resistance Detection Methods Used in a Large Multistate Outbreak of Extensively Drug-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni Infections Linked to Pet Store Puppies

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lavin A. Joseph ◽  
Louise K. Francois Watkins ◽  
Jessica Chen ◽  
Kaitlin A. Tagg ◽  
Christy Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Outbreak Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Molecular Subtyping ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of enteric bacterial illness in the United States. Traditional molecular subtyping methods, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and 7-gene multilocus sequence typing (MLST), provided limited resolution to adequately identify C. jejuni outbreaks and separate out sporadic isolates during outbreak investigations. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has emerged as a powerful tool for C. jejuni outbreak detection. In this investigation, 45 human and 11 puppy isolates obtained during a 2016–2018 outbreak linked to pet store puppies were sequenced. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (hqSNP) analysis of the sequence data separated the isolates into the same two clades containing minor within-clade differences; however, cgMLST analysis does not require selection of an appropriate reference genome, making the method preferable to hqSNP analysis for Campylobacter surveillance and cluster detection. The isolates were classified as sequence type 2109 (ST2109)—a rarely seen MLST sequence type. PFGE was performed on 38 human and 10 puppy isolates; PFGE patterns did not reliably predict clustering by cgMLST analysis. Genetic detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants predicted that all outbreak-associated isolates would be resistant to six drug classes. Traditional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) confirmed a high correlation between genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance determinations. WGS analysis linked C. jejuni isolates in humans and pet store puppies even when canine exposure information was unknown, aiding the epidemiological investigation during the outbreak. WGS data were also used to quickly identify the highly drug-resistant profile of these outbreak-associated C. jejuni isolates.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of a Neisseria meningitidis Capsule Null Locus Strain from the Clonal Complex of Sequence Type 198

2012 ◽  
Vol 194 (18) ◽  
pp. 5144-5145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Schork ◽  
Andreas Schlüter ◽  
Jochen Blom ◽  
Susanne Schneiker-Bekel ◽  
Alfred Pühler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polysaccharide Capsules

ABSTRACTNeisseria meningitidisis a commensal and accidental pathogen exclusively of humans. Although the production of polysaccharide capsules is considered to be essential for meningococcal virulence, there have been reports of constitutively unencapsulated strains causing invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Here we report the genome sequence of a capsule null locus (cnl) strain of sequence type 198 (ST-198), which is found in half of the reported cases of IMD caused bycnlmeningococcal strains.

scholarly journals Outbreak Caused by NDM-1- and RmtB-Producing Escherichia coli in Bulgaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 2472-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Poirel ◽  
Encho Savov ◽  
Arzu Nazli ◽  
Angelina Trifonova ◽  
Iva Todorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
16S Rrna Methylase ◽  
Level Resistance

ABSTRACTTwelve consecutive carbapenem-resistantEscherichia coliisolates were recovered from patients (infection or colonization) hospitalized between March and September 2012 in different units at a hospital in Bulgaria. They all produced the carbapenemase NDM-1 and the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase CTX-M-15, together with the 16S rRNA methylase RmtB, conferring high-level resistance to all aminoglycosides. All those isolates were clonally related and belonged to the same sequence type, ST101. In addition to being the first to identify NDM-producing isolates in Bulgaria, this is the very first study reporting an outbreak of NDM-1-producingE. coliin the world.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of a Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O26:H11 Strain (Sequence Type 21) and Two Draft Genome Sequences of Listeria monocytogenes Strains (Clonal Complex 1 [CC1] and CC59) Isolated from Fresh Produce in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Fiedler ◽  
Jan Kabisch ◽  
Erik Brinks ◽  
Sabrina Sprotte ◽  
Christina Boehnlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT The complete genome sequence of a Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O26:H11 strain, MBT-5 (sequence type 21 [ST21], stx1a, stx2a, eae, ehxA), and two draft genome sequences of Listeria monocytogenes strains MBT-6 and MBT-7 belonging to the virulent sequence types 1 (ST1, clonal complex 1 [CC1]) and 59 (ST59, CC59), respectively, were determined. The strains were isolated in 2015 from ready-to-eat mixed greens in Germany.

Variation in Campylobacter Multilocus Sequence Typing Subtypes from Chickens as Detected on Three Plating Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (11) ◽  
pp. 1986-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. BERRANG ◽  
S. R. LADELY ◽  
R. J. MEINERSMANN ◽  
J. E. LINE ◽  
B. B OAKLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Full Genome Sequencing ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare subtypes of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli detected on three selective Campylobacter plating media to determine whether each medium selected for different subtypes. Fifty ceca and 50 carcasses (representing 50 flocks) were collected from the evisceration line in a commercial broiler processing plant. Campylobacter was cultured and isolated from cecal contents and carcass rinses on Campy-Cefex, Campy Line, and RF Campylobacter jejuni/coli agars. When a positive result was obtained with all three media, one colony of the most prevalent morphology on each medium was selected for further analysis by full genome sequencing and multilocus sequence typing. Sequence types were assigned according to PubMLST. A total of 49 samples were positive for Campylobacter on all three media. Forty samples contained only C. jejuni, three had only C. coli, and both species were detected in six samples. From 71% of samples, Campylobacter isolates of the same sequence type were recovered on all three media. From 81.6% of samples, isolates were all from the same clonal complex. From significantly fewer samples (26%, P < 0.01), one medium recovered an isolate with a sequence type different from the type recovered on the other two media. When multiple sequence types were detected, six times the medium with the odd sequence type was Campy-Cefex, four times it was Campy-Line, and six times it was RF Campylobacter jejuni/coli. From one sample, three sequence types were detected. In most cases, all three plating media allowed detection of the same type of Campylobacter from complex naturally contaminated chicken samples.

scholarly journals Emergence of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Isolates Producing KPC-2 Carbapenemase in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1146-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Chang Cai ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Yan Yan Hu ◽  
Hong Wei Zhou ◽  
Gong-Xiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Group D

ABSTRACTTwenty-two KPC-2-producingEscherichia coliisolates were obtained from three hospitals in Hangzhou, China, from 2007 to 2011. One isolate, with OmpC porin deficiency, exhibited high-level carbapenem resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed that few isolates were indistinguishable or closely related. Multilocus sequence typing indicated that sequence type 131 (ST131) was the predominant type (9 isolates, 40.9%), followed by ST648 (5 isolates), ST405 (2 isolates), ST38 (2 isolates), and 4 single STs, ST69, ST2003, ST2179, and ST744. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that 9 group B2 isolates belonged to ST131, and 5 of 11 group D isolates belonged to ST648. Only one group B1 isolate and one group A isolate were identified. A representative plasmid (pE1) was partially sequenced, and a 7,788-bp DNA fragment encoding Tn3transposase, Tn3resolvase, ISKpn8transposase, KPC-2, and ISKpn6-like transposase was obtained. TheblaKPC-2-surrounding sequence was amplified by a series of primers. The PCR results showed that 13 isolates were consistent with the genetic environment in pE1. It is the first report of rapid emergence of KPC-2-producingE. coliST131 in China. TheblaKPC-2gene of most isolates was located on a similar genetic structure.

scholarly journals Streptococcus pneumoniaeSerotype 3 in Mexico (1994 to 2017): Decrease of the Unusual Clonal Complex 4909 Lineage following PCV13 Introduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Echániz-Aviles ◽  
Soraia I. Guerreiro ◽  
Catarina Silva-Costa ◽  
Catarina I. Mendes ◽  
João André Carriço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Fatality Ratio ◽  
High Virulence

ABSTRACTStreptococcus pneumoniaeexpressing serotype 3 has a high virulence and a high case fatality ratio. Most studies of serotype 3 pneumococci have focused on a single lineage, the widespread sequence type 180 (ST180). To evaluate the serotype 3 lineages causing infections in Mexico, we characterized 196 isolates recovered from 1994 to 2017. The isolates were mostly susceptible to all antimicrobials tested. A single meningitis isolate was resistant to penicillin, and the resistance to erythromycin was 5.2%. The isolates represented the widely disseminated clonal complex 180 (CC180;n= 140), the unusual CC4909 (n= 42), CC260 (n= 11), and a few singletons (n= 3). CC260 was less frequent among pneumococcal invasive disease isolates than CC180 and CC4909 (P = 0.015). There was a decrease of CC4909 (P < 0.001) following PCV13 introduction (2012 to 2017). The CC4909 isolates were represented mostly by ST1119 (n= 40), seemingly having a restricted geographic origin, with isolates in the PubMLST database having been recovered only in Mexico, the United States, and Germany. A genomic analysis of publicly available genomes showed that ST1119 isolates have less than 32% similarity with ST180 isolates, indicating that these lineages are more separated than revealed by traditional multilocus sequence typing. Considering the suggestions of a lower efficacy of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against serotype 3, the different dynamics of the two major serotype 3 lineages in Mexico following the introduction of PCV13 should be closely monitored.

scholarly journals Allelic Diversity and Population Structure of Bacillus sphaericus as Revealed by Multilocus Sequence Typing

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (15) ◽  
pp. 5553-5556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ge ◽  
Xiaomin Hu ◽  
Dasheng Zheng ◽  
Yiming Wu ◽  
Zhiming Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Clonal Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clonal Population Structure ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACTThe genetic diversity of 35Bacillus sphaericusstrains was analyzed by a newly developed multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme, toxin gene pool survey, and mosquito bioassay. The results demonstrated that strains assigned to the same sequence type (ST) had the same occurrence of toxin genes. Further sequence analysis revealed that toxic strains presented a nearly clonal population structure, whereas nontoxic strains had a high level of heterogeneity and were significantly distinct from toxic strains.

High Level of Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Broiler Chickens in Estonia in 2005 and 2006

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1940-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATI ROASTO ◽  
KADRIN JUHKAM ◽  
TERJE TAMME ◽  
ARI HÖRMAN ◽  
LIIDIA HÄKKINEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
National Veterinary Institute ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
High Level

The development of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli is a matter of increasing concern. Because campylobacteriosis is transmitted to humans usually via food of animal origin, the presence of antimicrobial-resistant campylobacters in broiler chickens has important public health implications. The aim of our study was to analyze resistance patterns of C. jejuni isolated from fecal samples collected at a large Estonian chicken farm, from cecal contents collected at slaughterhouses, and from meat samples collected at the retail establishments in 2005 and 2006. A total of 131 C. jejuni isolates were collected over a 13-month period and tested by the broth microdilution VetMIC method (National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden) to determine the MICs of various antimicrobials. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was detected in 104 (79.4%) of the 131 isolates. High proportions of the isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin (73.3%) and nalidixic acid (75.6%). Multidrug resistance (resistance to three or more unrelated antimicrobials) was detected in 36 isolates (27.5%), all of which were resistant to enrofloxacin. Multidrug resistance was significantly associated with enrofloxacin resistance (P &lt; 0.01), and the use of enrofloxacin may select for multiresistant strains.

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