scholarly journals Plasmid-Mediated Resistance to Cephalosporins and Fluoroquinolones in Various Escherichia coli Sequence Types Isolated from Rooks Wintering in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 648-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Jamborova ◽  
Monika Dolejska ◽  
Jiri Vojtech ◽  
Sebastian Guenther ◽  
Raluca Uricariu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lactamase Gene ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTExtended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing, AmpC beta-lactamase-producing, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) gene-positive strains ofEscherichia coliwere investigated in wintering rooks (Corvus frugilegus) from eight European countries. Fecal samples (n= 1,073) from rooks wintering in the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Serbia, Spain, and Switzerland were examined. Resistant isolates obtained from selective cultivation were screened for ESBL, AmpC, and PMQR genes by PCR and sequencing. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multilocus sequence typing were performed to reveal their clonal relatedness. In total, from the 1,073 samples, 152 (14%) cefotaxime-resistantE. coliisolates and 355 (33%)E. coliisolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were found. Eighty-two (54%) of these cefotaxime-resistantE. coliisolates carried the following ESBL genes:blaCTX-M-1(n= 39 isolates),blaCTX-M-15(n= 25),blaCTX-M-24(n= 4),blaTEM-52(n= 4),blaCTX-M-14(n= 2),blaCTX-M-55(n= 2),blaSHV-12(n= 2),blaCTX-M-8(n= 1),blaCTX-M-25(n= 1),blaCTX-M-28(n= 1), and an unspecified gene (n= 1). Forty-seven (31%) cefotaxime-resistantE. coliisolates carried theblaCMY-2AmpC beta-lactamase gene. Sixty-two (17%) of theE. coliisolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were positive for the PMQR genesqnrS1(n= 54),qnrB19(n= 4),qnrS1andqnrB19(n= 2),qnrS2(n= 1), andaac(6′)-Ib-cr(n= 1). Eleven isolates from the Czech Republic (n= 8) and Serbia (n= 3) were identified to be CTX-M-15-producingE. coliclone B2-O25b-ST131 isolates. Ninety-one different sequence types (STs) among 191 ESBL-producing, AmpC-producing, and PMQR gene-positiveE. coliisolates were determined, with ST58 (n= 15), ST10 (n= 14), and ST131 (n= 12) predominating. The widespread occurrence of highly diverse ESBL- and AmpC-producing and PMQR gene-positiveE. coliisolates, including the clinically important multiresistant ST69, ST95, ST117, ST131, and ST405 clones, was demonstrated in rooks wintering in various European countries.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Urban Children of Two Age Groups in Relation to Their Antibiotic Therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 3005-3007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Literak ◽  
Radim Petro ◽  
Monika Dolejska ◽  
Erika Gruberova ◽  
Hana Dobiasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Age Groups

ABSTRACTThe study was performed in the Czech Republic during 2007 to 2009. OfEscherichia coliisolates from 275 children aged 6 weeks, 36% (n= 177) were resistant to 1 to 7 antibiotics. Of isolates from 253 children aged 6 to 17 years, 24% (n= 205) were resistant to 1 to 5 antibiotics. There was no significant difference in the prevalences of antibiotic-resistantE. coliisolates between these groups of children, even though the consumptions of antibiotics were quite different.

scholarly journals 1216. Presence of the Narrow-Spectrum OXA-1 Beta-lactamase Enzyme Is Associated with Elevated Piperacillin-Tazobactam MIC Values Among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates (CANWARD, 2007-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S697-S697
Author(s):  
Andrew Walkty ◽  
James Karlowsky ◽  
Philippe Lagace-Wiens ◽  
Alyssa Golden ◽  
Melanie Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Narrow Spectrum ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lactamase Gene

Abstract Background The clinical outcome of patients with bacteremia due to an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing member of the family Enterobacteriaceae who are treated with piperacillin-tazobactam appears to depend, at least in part, on the piperacillin-tazobactam MIC. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is any association between the MIC of piperacillin-tazobactam and presence of the narrow spectrum OXA-1 beta-lactamase enzyme among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli. Methods E. coli clinical isolates were obtained from patients evaluated at hospitals across Canada (January 2007 to December 2018) as part of an ongoing national surveillance study (CANWARD). ESBL production was confirmed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute phenotypic method. Susceptibility testing was carried out using custom broth microdilution panels, and all isolates underwent whole genome sequencing for beta-lactamase gene detection. Results In total, 671 ESBL-producing E. coli were identified as part of the CANWARD study. The majority of isolates (92.0%; 617/671) harbored a CTX-M ESBL enzyme. CTX-M-15 (62.3%; 418/671), CTX-M-27 (13.9%; 93/671), and CTX-M-14 (13.4%; 90/671) were the most common variants identified. The narrow spectrum OXA-1 beta-lactamase enzyme was present in 42.6% (286/671) of isolates. OXA-1 was detected in 66.3% (277/418) of isolates with a CTX-M-15 ESBL enzyme versus only 3.6% (9/253) of isolates with other ESBL enzyme types. The piperacillin-tazobactam MIC50 and MIC90 values were 8 µg/mL and 32 µg/mL for isolates that possessed the OXA-1 enzyme versus 2 μg/mL and 8 µg/mL for those that did not. The percentage of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates that were inhibited by a piperacillin-tazobactam MIC of ≤8 μg/mL was 68.5% for isolates that were OXA-1 positive and 93.8% for isolates that were OXA-1 negative. Conclusion The MIC50 and MIC90 values of piperacillin-tazobactam among ESBL-producing E. coli were higher for the subset of isolates that harbored a narrow spectrum OXA-1 beta-lactamase enzyme relative to the subset that did not. This association was primarily observed among ESBL-producers with the CTX-M-15 enzyme variant. OXA-1 was infrequently detected among isolates with other ESBL enzyme types. Disclosures George Zhanel, PhD, AVIR (Grant/Research Support)Iterum (Grant/Research Support)Merck (Grant/Research Support)Pfizer (Grant/Research Support)Sandoz (Grant/Research Support)Sunovion (Grant/Research Support)Venatorx (Grant/Research Support)Verity (Grant/Research Support)

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of Escherichia coli strains isolated from diseased chicken in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Papoušková ◽  
Martina Masaříková ◽  
Adam Valček ◽  
David Šenk ◽  
Darina Čejková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Local Spread

Abstract Background: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) can cause various extraintestinal infections in poultry, resulting in massive economic losses in poultry industry. In addition, some avian E. coli strains may have zoonotic potential, making poultry a possible source of infection for humans. Due to its extreme genetic diversity, this pathotype remains poorly defined. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of colibacillosis-associated E. coli isolates from Central European countries with a focus on the Czech Republic. Results: Of 95 clinical isolates subjected to preliminary characterization, 32 were selected for whole-genome sequencing. A multi resistant phenotype was detected in a majority of the sequenced strains with the predominant resistance to β -lactams and quinolones being associated with TEM-type beta-lactamase genes and chromosomal gyrA mutations respectively. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed a great diversity of isolates, that were derived from nearly all phylogenetic groups, with predominace of B2, B1 and C phylogroups. Clusters of closely related isolates within ST23 (phylogroup C) and ST429 (phylogroup B2) indicated a possible local spread of these clones. Besides, the ST429 cluster carried blaCMY-2, -59 genes for AmpC beta-lactamase and isolates of both clusters were generally well-equipped with virulence-associated genes, with considerable differences in distribution of certain virulence-associated genes between phylogenetically distant lineages. Other important and potentially zoonotic APEC STs were detected, incl. ST117, ST354 and ST95, showing several molecular features typical for human ExPEC.Conclusions: The results support the concept of local spread of virulent APEC clones, as well as of zoonotic potential of specific poultry-associated lineages, and highlight the need to investigate the possible source of these pathogenic strains.

scholarly journals Extensive Within-Host Diversity in Fecally Carried Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates: Implications for Transmission Analyses

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 2122-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Stoesser ◽  
A. E. Sheppard ◽  
C. E. Moore ◽  
T. Golubchik ◽  
C. M. Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accessory Genome ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Distinct Sequence

Studies of the transmission epidemiology of antimicrobial-resistantEscherichia coli, such as strains harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, frequently use selective culture of rectal surveillance swabs to identify isolates for molecular epidemiological investigation. Typically, only single colonies are evaluated, which risks underestimating species diversity and transmission events. We sequenced the genomes of 16E. colicolonies from each of eight fecal samples (n =127 genomes; one failure), taken from different individuals in Cambodia, a region of high ESBL-producingE. coliprevalence. Sequence data were used to characterize both the core chromosomal diversity ofE. coliisolates and their resistance/virulence gene content as a proxy measure of accessory genome diversity. The 127E. coligenomes represented 31 distinct sequence types (STs). Seven (88%) of eight subjects carried ESBL-positive isolates, all containingblaCTX-Mvariants. Diversity was substantial, with a median of four STs/individual (range, 1 to 10) and wide genetic divergence at the nucleotide level within some STs. In 2/8 (25%) individuals, the sameblaCTX-Mvariant occurred in different clones, and/or differentblaCTX-Mvariants occurred in the same clone. Patterns of other resistance genes and common virulence factors, representing differences in the accessory genome, were also diverse within and between clones. The substantial diversity among intestinally carried ESBL-positiveE. colibacteria suggests that fecal surveillance, particularly if based on single-colony subcultures, will likely underestimate transmission events, especially in high-prevalence settings.

scholarly journals Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli on Flies at Poultry Farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetty Blaak ◽  
Raditijo A. Hamidjaja ◽  
Angela H. A. M. van Hoek ◽  
Lianne de Heer ◽  
Ana Maria de Roda Husman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Blow Flies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
House Flies ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Broiler Farm

ABSTRACTIn the Netherlands, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producingEscherichia colibacteria are highly prevalent in poultry, and chicken meat has been implicated as a source of ESBL-producingE. colipresent in the human population. The current study describes the isolation of ESBL-producingE. colifrom house flies and blow flies caught at two poultry farms, offering a potential alternative route of transmission of ESBL-producingE. colifrom poultry to humans. Overall, 87 flies were analyzed in 19 pools. ESBL-producingE. colibacteria were detected in two fly pools (10.5%): a pool of three blow flies from a broiler farm and a pool of eight house flies from a laying-hen farm. From each positive fly pool, six isolates were characterized and compared with isolates obtained from manure (n= 53) sampled at both farms and rinse water (n= 10) from the broiler farm. Among six fly isolates from the broiler farm, four different types were detected with respect to phylogenetic group, sequence type (ST), and ESBL genotype: A0/ST3519/SHV-12, A1/ST10/SHV-12, A1/ST58/SHV-12, and B1/ST448/CTX-M-1. These types, as well as six additional types, were also present in manure and/or rinse water at the same farm. At the laying-hen farm, all fly and manure isolates were identical, carryingblaTEM-52in an A1/ST48 genetic background. The data imply that flies acquire ESBL-producingE. coliat poultry farms, warranting further evaluation of the contribution of flies to dissemination of ESBL-producingE. coliin the community.

scholarly journals Assessment of Adhesins as an Indicator of Pathovar-Associated Virulence Factors in Bovine Escherichia coli

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (23) ◽  
pp. 7230-7234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Valat ◽  
Karine Forest ◽  
Frédéric Auvray ◽  
Véronique Métayer ◽  
Thomas Méheut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fimbrial Adhesins ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThe CS31A, F17, and F5 adhesins are usually targeted by serology-based methods to detect pathogenicEscherichia coliassociated with calf enteritis. However, the virulence traits of the selected isolates are still poorly described. Here, from a set of 349 diarrheagenicE. coliisolates from cattle, we demonstrated a 70.8% concordance rate (Cohen's kappa, 0.599) between serology- and PCR-based approaches for the detection of adhesins under field conditions. A 79% to 82.4% correspondence between the two methods was found for fimbrial adhesins, whereas major discrepancies (33%) were observed for CS31A-type antigens. Various F17A variants were found, such as F17Ac (20K) (50%), F17Aa (FY) (18.9%), F17Ab (8.1%), and F17Ad (111K) (5.4%), including a high proportion (17.6%) of new F17A internal combinations (F17Aab, F17Aac, and F17Abc) or untypeable variants. In addition, the highest proportion of pathovar-associated virulence factor (VF) genes was observed amongE. coliisolates that produced F5/F41 adhesins. A specific link between the heat-stable toxins related to the enterotoxigenicE. coli(ETEC) pathovar and adhesins was identified. STa was significantly linked to F5/F41 and EAST1 to CS31A adhesins (P< 0.001), respectively, whereas NTEC was associated with F17 adhesin (P= 0.001). Clustering between phylogroups according to the adhesin types was also observed. Also, few Shiga toxin-producingE. coli(STEC) or enteropathogenicE. coli(EPEC) pathovars were identified. Finally, no statistically significant difference was observed in the occurrence of extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) production according to the adhesins expressed by the isolates (P= 0.09). Altogether, this study gives new insights into the relationship between adhesins, VF, and antimicrobial resistance in calf enteritis and supports the need for further standardization of methodologies for such approaches.

scholarly journals ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in poultry in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kolar ◽  
J. Bardon ◽  
M. Chroma ◽  
K. Hricova ◽  
T. Stosova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Composite Samples

A major reason for resistance of <I>Enterobacteriaceae</I> to beta-lactam antibiotics is production of ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamases. As their more detailed description in poultry is unavailable in the Czech Republic, the presented study aimed at assessing their occurrence and molecular characteristics. A total of 154 composite samples from broilers and 150 cloacal swabs from turkeys were examined. Production of ESBLs was detected in seven <I>Escherichia coli</I> isolates and AmpC enzymes in two <I>E. coli</I> isolates. The most frequent ESBL types were CTX-M-1 and SHV-12 and the most common AmpC enzymes were the CMY-2 types.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of OXA-48-Like-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Czech Republic and Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of pOXA-48-Like Plasmids

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Skalova ◽  
Katerina Chudejova ◽  
Veronika Rotova ◽  
Matej Medvecky ◽  
Vendula Studentova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
S1 Nuclease ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize the first cases and outbreaks of OXA-48-like-producing Enterobacteriaceae recovered from hospital settings in the Czech Republic. From 2013 to 2015, 22 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, 3 Escherichia coli isolates, and 1 Enterobacter cloacae isolate producing OXA-48-like carbapenemases were isolated from 20 patients. Four of the patients were colonized or infected by two or three different OXA-48-like producers. The K. pneumoniae isolates were classified into nine sequence types (STs), with ST101 being predominant (n = 8). The E. coli isolates were of different STs, while the E. cloacae isolate belonged to ST109. Twenty-four isolates carried bla OXA-48, while two isolates carried bla OXA-181 or bla OXA-232. Almost all isolates (n = 22) carried bla OXA-48-positive plasmids of a similar size (∼60 kb), except the two isolates producing OXA-181 or OXA-232. In an ST45 K. pneumoniae isolate and an ST38 E. coli isolate, S1 nuclease profiling plus hybridization indicated a chromosomal location of bla OXA-48. Sequencing showed that the majority of bla OXA-48-carrying plasmids exhibited high degrees of identity with the pOXA-48-like plasmid pE71T. Additionally, two novel pE71T derivatives, pOXA-48_30715 and pOXA-48_30891, were observed. The bla OXA-181-carrying plasmid was identical to the IncX3 plasmid pOXA181_EC14828, while the bla OXA-232-carrying plasmid was a ColE2-type plasmid, being a novel derivative of pOXA-232. Finally, sequencing data showed that the ST45 K. pneumoniae and ST38 E. coli isolates harbored the IS1R-based composite transposon Tn6237 containing bla OXA-48 integrated into their chromosomes. These findings underlined that the horizontal transfer of pOXA-48-like plasmids has played a major role in the dissemination of bla OXA-48 in the Czech Republic. In combination with the difficulties with their detection, OXA-48 producers constitute an important public threat.

scholarly journals Prospective Cohort Study of the Relative Abundance of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in the Gut of Patients Admitted to Hospitals

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 6941-6944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoire de Lastours ◽  
Dorothée Chopin ◽  
Hervé Jacquier ◽  
Camille d'Humières ◽  
Charles Burdet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Community Patients

ABSTRACTA total of 458 patients were prospectively included at hospital admission and screened for extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing (ESBL)Escherichia colicarriage in 2007 and in 2010 to 2012. A 4-fold increase in ESBL carriage (3% to 12%), a 5-fold increase in numbers of community patients among ESBL carriers, and a higher number of multiple ESBL strains was found in the 2010 to 2012 period. ESBLE. colirepresented the dominantE. colistrain (relative abundance, >50%) in 10/32 (31%) of ESBL carriers. This represents a major threat in terms of infectious risk and dissemination.

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