scholarly journals Systemic and Cutaneous Mucus Antibody Responses of Channel Catfish Immunized against the Protozoan Parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 876-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. Maki ◽  
Harry W. Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT Fish acquire protective immunity against the ciliated protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis following sublethal infection or inoculation with I. multifiliis immobilization antigens (i-antigens). In both cases, parasite-immobilizing antibodies have been identified in sera and mucosal secretions. To investigate the kinetics of this immune response, antibody levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the sera and cutaneous mucus of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) that were either infected with parasites or given a single injection of purified i-antigen (5.0 μg/fish) in Freund's incomplete adjuvant. At 5 weeks, infected and inoculated fish had a mean serum (1:80 dilution) antibody absorbance (A 405) value of 0.54 ± 0.17 and 0.35 ± 0.03, respectively, which were significantly higher (α = 0.05) than the pretreatment serum (1:80 dilution) antibody absorbance value of 0.24 ± 0.05. At 14 weeks, mean serum (1:80 dilution) ELISA absorbance values in the teo groups of fish increased to 0.79 ± 0.30 and 0.71 ± 0.24, respectively. In both groups of fish, antibody levels in cutaneous mucus (undiluted) were much lower than those in sera. Infected fish had detectable mucus (undiluted) antibody levels from 3 to 9 weeks, with the highest mean value (0.30 ± 0.07) occurring at 7 weeks. Although individual inoculated fish produced serum antibody absorbance values comparable to those seen in infected fish, the mean mucus antibody values in this group did not rise above pretreatment levels. I. multifiliis infection induced a transient mucosal antibody response that coincided with the resolution of infection. Whether elicited by infection or intraperitoneal injection of i-antigen, the serum and mucus antibody responses of channel catfish immunized against I. multifiliis did not occur synchronously.

Antibody response of carp, Cyprinus carpio to the cestode, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 635-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. NIE ◽  
D. HOOLE
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Bothriocephalus Acheilognathi ◽  
Protection Against Infection ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Secreting Cells

The humoral antibody response and the number of pronephric antibody-secreting cells were examined in naturally Bothriocephalus acheilognathi-infected carp. Cyprinus carpio, and in those injected intraperitoneally with an extract of the cestode. In the extract-injected fish, specific antibody was detected 3 weeks after a second injection given 2 weeks after the primary injection, and antibody levels persisted for more than 200 days. A third injection also enhanced the antibody level in the extract-injected carp. The numbers of antibody-secreting cells were significantly higher in carp injected 3 times with the extract than in the control. In naturally-infected fish, the serum antibody levels and the number of pronephric antibody-secreting cells were higher in infected fish than in uninfected individuals although this difference was not statistically significant. The relevance of these results to immune protection against infection is discussed.

scholarly journals Low Immunogenicity of Intravesical Phage Therapy for Urogenitary Tract Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Sławomir Letkiewicz ◽  
Marzanna Łusiak-Szelachowska ◽  
Ryszard Międzybrodzki ◽  
Maciej Żaczek ◽  
Beata Weber-Dąbrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Urogenital Infections ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Antibody Levels

Patients with chronic urinary and urogenital multidrug resistant bacterial infections received phage therapy (PT) using intravesical or intravesical and intravaginal phage administration. A single course of PT did not induce significant serum antibody responses against administered phage. Whilst the second cycle of PT caused a significant increase in antibody levels, they nevertheless remained quite low. These data combined with good therapy results achieved in some patients suggest that this mode of PT may be an efficient means of therapy for urogenital infections and a reliable model for a clinical trial of PT.

Study of Antibody Levels in Children with Purulent Otitis Media

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Branefors ◽  
T. Dahlberg ◽  
O. Nylén
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Polysaccharide Antigens ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels

A series of episodes of acute otitis media were studied with reference to the bacterial findings in the nasopharynx and the specific antibody response in a group of children nine months to ten years of age, with previous frequent episodes of acute otitis media, Serum IgG, IgM and IgA antibody levels against five polysaccharide antigens, namely Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae types 3, 6, 19 and 23, were studied by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The selection of polysaccharide antigens was based on isolation frequency. The sera to be tested were tenfold serially diluted. An extinction of 0.2 over the base was taken as the end-point titer and expressed as in-log10. The results showed that most children including those under three years of age showed increasing homologous antibody titers at an infection, or had already initially very high antibody titers, especially of the IgG class. The titers reached levels of 104 to 105. In some cases, however, it could be shown that high serum antibody titers did not give protection against a new infection with the same serological type of bacteria. It was also demonstrated that most children, regardless of age, had IgG and IgM titers against the heterologous antigens. In some cases the levels were quite high (103 to 104). However, the IgA antibody levels were lower and in a considerable number of samples antibodies were not even detectable.

scholarly journals 405. Serum Antibody Responses Against Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Infected Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S206-S206
Author(s):  
Kasturi Banerjee ◽  
Michael Motley ◽  
Elizabeth Diago-Navarro ◽  
Bettina C Fries
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Affinity Column ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Potential Vaccine ◽  
Clade 1 ◽  
Humoral Responses

Abstract Background Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of Carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae ST258 (CR-Kp) is a potential vaccine target. CPS of these isolates generally falls within 2 homology groups named clade 1 and clade 2. We and others have made antibodies (Abs) that act against clade2 CR-Kp but failed to make therapeutic Abs against clade1 CR-Kp. Previous studies had shown that studying patient’s antibody responses could help in identifying suitable candidates for developing immunotherapies. Thus, we sought to identify potential vaccine candidates by investigating the humoral response CPS in CR-Kp-infected patients. Methods 24 CR-Kp isolates and corresponding serums were collected from inpatients at Stony Brook Hospital. CPS was isolated and purified by size-exclusion column chromatography from CR-Kp strains 34 (clade 2), 36 (clade 1), and 38 (clade-Other). Anti-CPS Abs in patient’s serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and bulk Abs from positive serum were purified using an affinity column. These Abs were tested for activity against CR-Kp by serum bactericidal and agglutination assays. Results 50% of clade2 CR-Kp-infected patients had humoral responses against CPS34. 77% of clade 1-infected patients sera cross-reacted wtih CPS34, but none of them developed Abs against CPS36. Interestingly, 90% of clade1 and 60% of clade 2-infected patients, respectively, showed Abs binding to CPS38. Thus, we selectively purified Anti-CPS Abs from two clade-Other-infected patients and observed that they were cross-reactive with all three CPS. Further, these Anti-CPS Abs agglutinated all tested CR-Kp isolates (34, 36, and 38) when compared with control human IgG (P < 0.005). Additionally, these Anti-CPS Abs promoted killing of clade2 bacteria and inhibited the growth of clade1 bacteria in Ab-mediated serum bactericidal assay. These data elucidate that humoral responses developed in clade-Other CR-Kp-infected patients have therapeutic potential. Conclusion With the unavailability of effective antimicrobials for CR-Kp, approaches like developing novel anti-CPS vaccine could serve as an alternate therapy. Our data suggest that developing immunotherapies targeting CPS38 could potentially provide protection across both clade1 and clade2 bacteria in clinical settings. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin G Antibody against Helicobacter pylori: Clinical Implications of Levels Found in Serum

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1044-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tseng-Shing Chen ◽  
Fen-Yau Li ◽  
Full-Young Chang ◽  
Shou-Dong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Chronic Gastritis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT The clinical significance of high levels of antibody against Helicobacter pylori is still unclear. We sought to evaluate whether the serum antibody levels could predict the presence of macroscopic gastroduodenal disease, to identify factors that correlate with antibody levels in a multivariate context, and to determine the predictive value of antibody levels for diagnosing H. pylori infection. The grades of gastritis and density of H. pylori colonization were scored separately using the updated Sydney system for antral and body mucosa. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative detection in serum of IgG antibodies to H. pylori was performed. Of the 170 dyspeptic patients, 105 (62%) had H. pylori infection. There was no difference in antibody levels among endoscopic findings of normal mucosa, chronic gastritis, and duodenal ulcer. On multivariate linear regression analysis, the status of H. pylori infection, mononuclear cell infiltration of body mucosa, and age correlated with antibody levels. The negative predictive value for antibody levels of <30 U/ml is 94%, and the positive predictive value of antibody levels of >70 U/ml is 98%. We conclude that serum antibody levels do not predict the severity of gastroduodenal diseases or the density of H. pylori colonization in H. pylori-infected dyspeptic patients. Higher levels are associated with the presence of H. pylori infection, the chronic gastritis score of the corpus, and older age. Setting a gray zone is necessary for ELISA, since the accuracy in this zone does not allow a precise determination of H. pylori status.

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