scholarly journals Declining Immunoglobulin A Production in Prostates of Men with AIDS

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 981-982
Author(s):  
Henry J. Carson ◽  
Nathan E. Lueck
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Iga Production

ABSTRACT We studied immunoglobulin A production (IgA) in prostates of men with AIDS. Prostate sections from AIDS patients and human immunodeficiency virus-negative men were stained for IgA with immunoperoxidase. Prostate sections from nondiseased men were positive for IgA, while prostate sections from AIDS patients were essentially negative for IgA. Diminishing secretory IgA production may represent a characteristic of AIDS.

scholarly journals Salivary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-specific immunoglobulin A in HIV-1-exposed infants in Kenya

2008 ◽  
Vol 153 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Farquhar ◽  
T. VanCott ◽  
R. Bosire ◽  
C. Bermudez ◽  
D. Mbori-Ngacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA)-mediated immunity in human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection

Virology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 308 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Lizeng ◽  
Pia Skott ◽  
Samer Sourial ◽  
Charlotta Nilsson ◽  
S.ören Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells are not a major reservoir of the human immunodeficiency virus

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1281-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
D von Laer ◽  
FT Hufert ◽  
TE Fenner ◽  
S Schwander ◽  
M Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Hematologic abnormalities occur in the majority of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Infection of the hematopoietic progenitor cells has been proposed as a potential explanation. In this study, different bone marrow cell populations, including the CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells, were purified by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and analyzed for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA using the polymerase chain reaction. A group of 14 patients with AIDS or AIDS- related complex (ARC) was studied (11 with peripheral blood cytopenias). The CD4+ helper cells in the bone marrow were found positive for HIV-1 DNA in all patients. In contrast, CD34+ progenitor cells were positive in only one patient. Two monocyte samples and two samples of CD4-/CD34- lymphocytes/blasts (mainly B and CD8 lymphocytes) were positive. Proviral DNA could not be detected in granulocytes. FACS analysis showed that the percentage of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells was not altered in the bone marrow of AIDS patients in comparison with the HIV-1 seronegative controls. In contrast, the number of CD4+ lymphocytes was markedly reduced in the bone marrow of AIDS patients. These results show that the hematologic abnormalities in AIDS patients are neither explained by direct infection of the hematopoietic progenitor cells with HIV-1 nor by a depletion of progenitor cells.

scholarly journals Decreased Production of Local Immunoglobulin A toPneumocystis carinii in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 1054-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jalil ◽  
P. Moja ◽  
C. Lambert ◽  
M. Perol ◽  
L. Cotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Pneumocystis Carinii ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Negative Controls

ABSTRACT An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a Western blot analysis were developed to study the antibody response to Pneumocystis carinii in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 27 human immunodeficiency virus 27 (HIV)-infected patients with P. carinii pneumonia (Pcp), 32 patients without Pcp, and 51 HIV-negative controls. Urea was used for the correct dilution of epithelial lining fluid, and albumin was used to evaluate transudation from plasma for the assessment of local production of antibodies toP. carinii. By contrast with those of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA responses to P. carinii were increased in serum from HIV-positive patients compared to negative controls. Local production of antibodies to P. carinii, especially IgA, was decreased in patients with Pcp. In a study of 10 patients of each group, IgG and IgA responses to gp116 from P. carinii were lower in patients with Pcp than in other groups. These results suggest that, in addition to alveolar macrophages, local antibodies may play a role in host defense against P. carinii.

Aids-Associated Viral Infections

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1098-1099
Author(s):  
Sara E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) eventually causes a profound decrease in the body's ability to eradicate or control infections with microorganisms, including viruses. Some infections in AIDS patients are due to common organisms which are of little significance in immunocompetent individuals. Other organisms can be harbored continuously, occasionally causing disease, but normally being suppressed after a heightened immune defense; in AIDS patients, these infections can be life-threatening. Further, practices that predispose to HIV infection also permit entry of other organisms, such as hepatitis and herpesviruses. Electron microscopy is beneficial as an adjunct to other modalities for viral detection. Methods for identifying viruses, both in fluids by negative staining and in tissues by thin sectioning, have been published. Some viral pathogens, including HIV itself, are best documented by other means.HIV has been demonstrated by EM in infected individuals, but because it destroys and makes scarce the cells for which it has an affinity, it is difficult to find them.

scholarly journals Enhanced Mucosal Immunoglobulin A Response of Intranasal Adenoviral Vector Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine and Localization in the Central Nervous System

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 10078-10087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franck Lemiale ◽  
Wing-pui Kong ◽  
Levent M. Akyürek ◽  
Xu Ling ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Recombinant Adenovirus ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Retrograde Transport ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Replication-defective adenovirus (ADV) vectors represent a promising potential platform for the development of a vaccine for AIDS. Although this vector is typically administered intramuscularly, it would be desirable to induce mucosal immunity by delivery through alternative routes. In this study, the immune response and biodistribution of ADV vectors delivered by different routes were evaluated. ADV vectors expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag, Pol, and Env were delivered intramuscularly or intranasally into mice. Intranasal immunization induced greater HIV-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) responses in mucosal secretions and sera than in animals with intramuscular injection, which showed stronger systemic cellular and IgG responses. Administration of the vaccine through an intranasal route failed to overcome prior ADV immunity. Animals exposed to ADV prior to vaccination displayed substantially reduced cellular and humoral immune responses to HIV antigens in both groups, though the reduction was greater in animals immunized intranasally. This inhibition was partially overcome by priming with a DNA expression vector expressing HIV-1 Gag, Pol, and Env before boosting with the viral vector. Biodistribution of recombinant adenovirus (rADV) vectors administered intranasally revealed infection of the central nervous system, specifically in the olfactory bulb, possibly via retrograde transport by olfactory neurons in the nasal epithelium, which may limit the utility of this route of delivery of ADV vector-based vaccines.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Partec Flow Cytometer against the BD FACSCalibur System for Monitoring Immune Responses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients in Zimbabwe

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justen Manasa ◽  
Hazvineyi Musabaike ◽  
Collen Masimirembwa ◽  
Eileen Burke ◽  
Ruedi Luthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Flow Cytometer ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Total Lymphocyte ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT A single-platform volumetric flow cytometer, the Partec Cyflow SL_3, was evaluated against a BD FACSCalibur/Sysmex XT1800i dual platform for measuring CD4+ lymphocytes, total lymphocytes, and the percentage of CD4 lymphocytes in whole-blood samples for monitoring the immune systems of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS patients. Statistical analyses for precision, correlation, and agreement were performed. Coefficients of variation (CV) of 5.8, 4.6, and 3.9% were obtained for low, medium, and high CD4+ cell counts, respectively, using the SL_3, and CV of 3.7, 4.0, and 0.94 were obtained for the same categories, using the BD FACSCalibur. Significant correlations (P < 0.005) between the two assays for CD4 counts, total lymphocyte counts, and percentages of CD4 were obtained, with correlation coefficients of 0.99, 0.96, and 0.99, respectively (n = 229). Using the Bland-Altman plot, mean biases of −18 cell/μl (95% confidence interval (CI); −91 to 54 cells/μl), −0.8% (95% CI; −3.6 to 2%), and −36.8 cells/μl (95% CI; −477 to 404 cells/μl) were obtained for comparisons of CD4 counts, percentages of CD4 cells, and total lymphocyte counts, respectively. The effects of the age of the samples on the three parameters were also analyzed by comparing results from the same samples analyzed at 6, 24, and 48 h after collection. The correlation coefficients for comparisons among different time points for the same machine and among all the time points for the two different machines were greater than 0.90. These data showed that the Partec Cyflow SL_3 assay is comparable to the BD FACSCalibur/Sysmex XT1800i dual-platform method for measuring the amount of CD4+ cells and total lymphocytes and the percentages of CD4 cells in blood samples for the purpose of monitoring HIV/AIDS patients.

scholarly journals Co-infection by Cryptococcus neoformans fungaemia and Non tuberculous Mycobacterium together with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a patient with newly diagnosed HIV infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eihab Subahi ◽  
safwan aljafar ◽  
haidar barjas ◽  
Mohamed Abdelrazek ◽  
Fatima Rasoul
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci ◽  
Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Opportunistic infections are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Co-infections with Cryptococcus neoformans together with Mycobacterium and Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) are rare, and typically occur in immunocompromised individuals, particularly AIDS patients.

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