scholarly journals Highly Purified Vitamin B2 Presents a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Sepsis and Septic Shock

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1820-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Toyosawa ◽  
Mamoru Suzuki ◽  
Kohtarou Kodama ◽  
Seiichi Araki
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

ABSTRACT Highly purified vitamin B2 (riboflavin 5′-sodium phosphate; purity > 97%) treatment by intravenous infusion at doses above those used clinically to treat vitamin B2 deficiency showed therapeutic effects in mice not only in cases of endotoxin- and exotoxin-induced shock but also in cases of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial infection even after the toxemia had already begun.

CYTOKINE PATTERN IN GRAM-POSITIVE, GRAM-NEGATIVE, AND CANDIDA ASSOCIATED SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK

Shock ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
T. Woehrle ◽  
A. Goetz ◽  
T. Joos ◽  
E. M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Cytokine Pattern ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

scholarly journals Septic shock due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in an adult immunocompetent patient: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Hashimoto ◽  
Ryuichi Takenaka ◽  
Haruka Fukuda ◽  
Kazuhiko Hashinaga ◽  
Shin-ichi Nureki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Immunocompromised Host ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
The Right ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Abstract Background Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection can occur in an immunocompromised host. Although rare, bacteremia due to Y. pseudotuberculosis may also occur in immunocompetent hosts. The prognosis and therapeutic strategy, especially for immunocompetent patients with Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteremia, however, remains unknown. Case presentation A 38-year-old Japanese man with a mood disorder presented to our hospital with fever and diarrhea. Chest computed tomography revealed consolidation in the right upper lobe with air bronchograms. He was diagnosed with pneumonia, and treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone and azithromycin was initiated. The ceftriaxone was replaced with doripenem and the azithromycin was discontinued following the detection of Gram-negative rod bacteria in 2 sets of blood culture tests. The isolated Gram-negative rod bacteria were confirmed to be Y. pseudotuberculosis. Thereafter, he developed septic shock. Doripenem was switched to cefmetazole, which was continued for 14 days. He recovered without relapse. Conclusions We herein report a case of septic shock due to Y. pseudotuberculosis infection in an adult immunocompetent patient. The appropriate microorganism tests and antibiotic therapy are necessary to treat patients with Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteremia.

Impact of empirical antibiotic regimens on mortality in neutropenic patients with bloodstream infection presenting with septic shock

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Chumbita ◽  
Pedro Puerta-Alcalde ◽  
Carlota Gudiol ◽  
Nicole Garcia-Pouton ◽  
Júlia Laporte-Amargós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Neutropenic Patients ◽  
Prospective Cohorts ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: We analyzed risk factors for mortality in febrile neutropenic patients with bloodstream infections (BSI) presenting with septic shock and assessed the impact of empirical antibiotic regimens. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study (2010-2019) of two prospective cohorts comparing BSI episodes in patients with or without septic shock. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for mortality in episodes with septic shock. Results: Of 1563 patients with BSI, 257 (16%) presented with septic shock. Those patients with septic shock had higher mortality than those without septic shock (55% vs 15%, p<0.001). Gram-negative bacilli caused 81% of episodes with septic shock; gram-positive cocci, 22%; and Candida species 5%. Inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment (IEAT) was administered in 17.5% of septic shock episodes. Empirical β-lactam combined with other active antibiotics was associated with the lowest mortality observed. When amikacin was the only active antibiotic, mortality was 90%. Addition of empirical specific gram-positive coverage had no impact on mortality. Mortality was higher when IEAT was administered (76% vs 51%, p=0.002). Age >70 years (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.7), IEAT for Candida spp. or gram-negative bacilli (OR 3.8, 1.3-11.1), acute kidney injury (OR 2.6, 1.4-4.9) and amikacin as the only active antibiotic (OR 15.2, 1.7-134.5) were independent risk factors for mortality, while combination of β-lactam and amikacin was protective (OR 0.32, 0.18-0.57). Conclusions: Septic shock in febrile neutropenic patients with BSI is associated with extremely high mortality, especially when IEAT is administered. Combination therapy including an active β-lactam and amikacin results in the best outcomes.

ICU treatment of sepsis and septic shock

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Wise ◽  
Paul Frost
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Dramatic Rise ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
Icu Treatment

Bacteria are the most frequent causes of severe sepsis and septic shock, while viruses, fungi, and parasites are implicated less often. Positive cultures are found in only 60% of cases; this may be the result of previous antibiotic therapy or inadequate sampling or testing. The etiology of sepsis is constantly changing; whereas Gram-negative organisms used to make up the majority of cases, Gram-positive bacteria now predominate. Sepsis due to fungal disease has also seen a dramatic rise. These changes may be explained by alterations in patient demographics, such as an increasingly elderly population with multiple comorbidities; an increased frequency of indwelling catheters or devices; and greater numbers of patients with immunosuppression as a result of disease or drug therapy. This chapter covers symptoms, demographics, diagnosis, investigation, prognosis, and treatment within the ITU environment.

Complement activation in septic shock due to gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 305-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTÓBAL LEÓN ◽  
MARÍA J. RODRIGO ◽  
ANTONIO TOMASA ◽  
MARIA T. GALLART ◽  
FRANCISCO J. LATORRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

scholarly journals Myeloid Cell Sirtuin-1 Expression Does Not Alter Host Immune Responses to Gram-Negative Endotoxemia or Gram-Positive Bacterial Infection

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e84481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Crotty Alexander ◽  
Brenda J. Marsh ◽  
Anjuli M. Timmer ◽  
Ann E. Lin ◽  
Kayvan Zainabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Myeloid Cell ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Host Immune Responses

scholarly journals Compositional and drug-resistance profiling of pathogens in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Fan ◽  
Yong Hu ◽  
Hong Shen ◽  
Shengjie Liu ◽  
Guang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Unconditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Abstract Background: Infection is one of the important causes of death in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) , but the bacterial spectrum and antibiotic resistance are constantly changing. Making good use of antibiotics and controlling multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are of vital importance in improving the cure rate of SAP. We conducted a retrospective study in the hope of providing references for antibiotic selection and control of drug-resistant bacteria. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients hospitalized in our hospital due to acute pancreatitis (AP) in the past 5 years. General data were classified and statistically analyzed. Subsequently, the bacterial spectrum characteristics and the data related to drug-resistant bacterial infection of 569 AP patients were analyzed. Finally, unconditional logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors of MDR infection. Results: A total of 398 patients were enrolled in this study and the hospitalization data and associated results were analyzed. A total of 461 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 223 (48.4%) gram-negative bacterial strains, 190 (41.2%) gram-positive bacterial strains and 48 (10.4%) fungal strains. The detection rates of resistance in gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial strains were 48.0% (107/223) and 25.3% (48/190), respectively. There were significant differences between the MDR group and the non-MDR group for the factors of precautionary antibiotic use, kinds of antibiotics used, receipt of carbapenem, tracheal intubation, hemofiltration and number of hospitalization days in the intensive care unit. Unconditional logistic regression revealed 2 risk factors for MDR bacterial infection. Conclusions: Our results illustrate that gram-negative bacteria were the most common pathogens in SAP infection, and the proportion of gram-positive bacteria increased notably. The rate of antibiotic resistance was higher than previously reported. Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that using more types of antibiotics and the number of hospitalization days in the ICU were the risk factors associated with MDR bacterial infection.

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