scholarly journals Evaluation of PCR, Culture, and Serology for Diagnosis of Chlamydia pneumoniae Respiratory Infections

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 2301-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Verkooyen ◽  
D. Willemse ◽  
S. C. A. M. Hiep-van Casteren ◽  
S. A. Mousavi Joulandan ◽  
R. J. Snijder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Respiratory Specimens

We prospectively studied 156 patients with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia requiring admission. Several respiratory specimens were obtained for the detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae by cell culture and PCR. Three serum samples were obtained from each patient. Serological diagnosis of a C. pneumoniae infection was determined by the microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test, the complement fixation (CF) test, and recombinant lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; referred to as the rDNA LPS ELISA). Twenty-three patients (15%) had serological results compatible with acute C. pneumoniae infection; nine (39%) of these subjects were C. pneumoniae PCR positive. Twenty-two patients (14%) had positive PCR results without serological evidence of an acute C. pneumoniae infection. An attempt was made to calculate the sensitivities and specificities of the MIF test, rDNA LPS ELISA, and PCR for the diagnosis of chlamydial community-acquired pneumonia. Several “gold standards” were defined. Generally, the sensitivities of the rDNA LPS ELISA and MIF were comparable, while the sensitivity of the CF test was shown to be very low. Independent of the gold standard used, the best PCR results were obtained with nasopharyngeal specimens. However, the predictive value of a positive C. pneumoniaePCR result for patients with community-acquired pneumonia remains unknown and may be low. Although a widely accepted gold standard is still lacking, the rDNA LPS ELISA may currently be the preferred tool for diagnosing acute respiratory Chlamydia infections in routine clinical practice. However, the MIF test remains the method of choice for determining the prevalence of C. pneumoniaeinfections in a given community.

scholarly journals EVALUACIÓN ENTRE CUATRO TÉCNICAS SEROLÓGICAS PARA EL DIAGNÓSTICO DE INFECCIONES CAUSADAS POR BRUCELLA ABORTUS EN BOVINOS

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
L.M.S. Paulin ◽  
W.A. Andrade-Pacheco ◽  
V. Castro ◽  
I.S.P. Federsoni
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Relative Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Plate Test ◽  
Percent Positivity ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT Serum samples from 200 vaccinated adult bovine females from two herds were analyzed by buffered antigen acidified plate test (AAT) (Rose Bengal Plate Test), indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAI), 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) and complement fixation test (FC). For ELISAI, the fixed value of 45 percent positivity (PP) was used. Group A was composed of 100 animals, with description of reproductive disturbances compatible with brucellosis and reagent to the AAT. Group B was composed of 100 animals serologically free of B. abortus for at least two years. Additionally, all serum samples were tested using the AAT, the 2-ME and the FC to confirm negative status. The combination of two tests, FC and 2ME was used as the gold standard. The relative sensitivity and specificity and the Kappa were calculated for each test. The result of kappa for 2-ME in relation to the FC and of the AAT and the ELISAI in relation to the gold standard was, respectively, 0.78, 0.86 And 0.84. The relative sensitivities (Sr) were, respectively, 84.1% (53/63), 100% (53/53) and 98.1% (52/53), and the relative specificities (Er) were 93.3% (111/119), 90.1% (100/111) and 90.1% (100/111). For comparison between the ELISAI and the AAT, there was obtained a Kappa of 0.91, Sr of 93% (93/100) and Er of 98% (98/100). Conclusions: 1 The option of constituting the gold standard based on at least two tests was the most suitable for this study; 2 The ELISAI resulted in values of Sr and Er similar to the AAT. Therefore, the AAT and the ELISAI are good for screening in regard to the diagnosis of brucellosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence of feline coronavirus antibodies in cats in Bursa province, Turkey, by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 881-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Pratelli ◽  
Kadir Yesilbag ◽  
Marcello Siniscalchi ◽  
Ebru Yalçm ◽  
Zeki Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
High Association ◽  
Gold Standard Test ◽  
Feline Coronavirus

Feline sera from Bursa province (Turkey) were assayed for coronavirus antibody using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The study was performed on 100 sera collected from cats belonging to catteries or community shelters and to households. The serum samples were initially tested with the virus neutralisation (VN) test and the results were then compared with the ELISA. The VN yielded 79 negative and 21 positive sera but the ELISA confirmed only 74 as negative. The ELISA-negative sera were also found to be free of feline coronoviruses-specific antibodies by Western blotting. Using the VN as the gold standard test, ELISA had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93.6%, with an overall agreement of 95%. The Kappa (κ) test indicated high association between the two tests (κ=0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.743–0.980). The positive predictive value (PPV) was 0.8, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 0.93. The prevalence of FCoV II antibodies in the sampled population based on the gold standard was 62% (95% CI 0.44–0.77) among multi-cat environments, and 4% (95% CI 0.01–0.11) among single cat households.

scholarly journals Enhanced Antibody Detection and Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis with the MiraVista IgG and IgM Detection Enzyme Immunoassay

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Malo ◽  
Eric Holbrook ◽  
Tirdad Zangeneh ◽  
Chris Strawter ◽  
Eyal Oren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Improved Accuracy

ABSTRACT Coccidioidomycosis is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in areas of the southwestern United States in which the disease is endemic. Clinical presentations range from self-limited disease to severe disseminated disease. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis is essential to ensure appropriate treatment and monitoring. Currently available diagnostic tests have variable accuracy, particularly in certain patient populations, and new tests may offer improved accuracy for the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. Serum samples from 103 cases of coccidioidomycosis and 373 controls were tested for IgG and IgM antibodies using the MVista anti- Coccidioides antibody enzyme immunoassay. Serum specimens from 170 controls from areas in which the disease is endemic and 44 cases were tested by immunodiffusion at MiraVista Diagnostics. The sensitivity of the MVista antibody assay was 88.3%, and the specificity was 90%. The sensitivity was maintained in the presence of immunocompromising conditions or immunosuppressive therapies. The sensitivity of immunodiffusion was 60.2%, and the specificity was 98.8%. The sensitivity of complement fixation (62 cases) was 66.1%, but the specificity could not be determined. The MVista anti- Coccidioides antibody enzyme immunoassay offers improved sensitivity, compared with immunodiffusion and complement fixation, is not impaired in immunocompromised patients, and permits highly reproducible semiquantification.

scholarly journals A retrospective survey of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection rates in paediatric patients from a single centre in Wuxi, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 030006052096172
Author(s):  
Jie-Ru Chen ◽  
Xiao-Fei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Paediatric Patients

Objective To provide some epidemiological data on Chlamydia pneumoniae infection rates in paediatric patients at a single centre in Wuxi, China. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of serum samples from paediatric patients (<12 years) with a respiratory tract infection (RTI) and who had been admitted to the Department of Paediatrics, Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital, China, from 01 January 2015 to 31 December 2016. C. pneumoniae IgM antibodies had been analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Of the 3866 children (2073 boys, 1793 girls) with a RTI that provided serum samples, 19% were positive for C. pneumoniae IgM antibodies. Among these children, 56% were positive for other infections. Conclusions Children over 6 years of age with a RTI had a higher C.pneumoniae infection rate than younger children and the infection rate was more common in winter months compared with other times of the year.

scholarly journals Comparison of Five Serologic Tests for Diagnosis of Acute Infections by Chlamydia pneumoniae

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Persson ◽  
Jens Boman
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Acute Infections ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Antibody Tests ◽  
Chlamydial Antigen

ABSTRACT Serology is often used to diagnose acute infections byChlamydia pneumoniae. In this study paired sera from patients with acute respiratory tract infection during an epidemic ofC. pneumoniae infections were examined by five different antibody tests. These tests were the complement fixation (CF) test, the microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test, a recombinant enzyme immunoassay (rEIA) (Medac) based on a recombinant lipopolysaccharide of chlamydia and measuring antibodies to a common chlamydial antigen, and two tests that utilize preparations of C. pneumoniae organisms, the SeroCp-EIA (Savyon) (with preserved lipopolysaccharide) and the LOY-EIA (Labsystems) (without this antigen). Both of the last two tests should measure specific antibodies to C. pneumoniae, although cross-reacting antibodies may also be detected by the SeroCp-EIA. Acute infection of C. pneumoniae was serologically confirmed in 44% of the cases by at least two different tests. Using an expanded “gold standard,” i.e., the presence of significant reactions in at least two tests, the sensitivity of the CF test was 69%, that of the MIF test was 88%, that of the rEIA was 89%, that of the LOY-EIA was 96%, and that of the SeroCp-EIA was 92%. Specificity was high for all methods, but adjustments of diagnostic criteria were made to several of the tests. The basis for these adjustments and supportive data are presented. Infections of C. pneumoniae were detected in patients from 8 to 83 years of age. Two peaks in the incidence of such infections were observed: one among young teenagers and a second in adults 30 to 45 years of age, corresponding to parents of young teen-agers. The tests were equally sensitive in different age groups. Reinfections seemed to be rare.

scholarly journals Comparison of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with Immunofluorescence and Complement Fixation Tests for Detection of Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) Immunoglobulin M

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Field ◽  
Jody L. Mitchell ◽  
Avelina Santiago ◽  
David J. Dickeson ◽  
Sau-Wan Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Elisa

A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of Q fever (PanBio Coxiella burnetiiimmunoglobulin M [IgM] ELISA, QFM-200) was compared to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for C. burnetii IgM and the complement fixation test (CFT). The ELISA demonstrated 92% agreement with the reference method (IFAT), and gave a sensitivity of 99% (69 of 70 samples) and a specificity of 88% (106 of 121). Specificity can be increased with confirmation by IFAT. CFT was found to have a specificity of 90% (107 of 119), although it was lacking in sensitivity (73%; 51 of 70). No cross-reactivity was observed in the ELISA with serum samples from patients with mycoplasma (n = 6), chlamydia (n = 5), or legionella (n = 4) infections, although 2 of 5 patients with leptospirosis and 1 of 4 samples containing rheumatoid factor (RF) demonstrated positive results in the ELISA. Results indicate that the performance of the PanBio C. burnetii (Q fever) IgM ELISA (F = 187) is superior to that of CFT (F = 163), and consequently the ELISA should be a useful aid in the diagnosis of acute Q fever.

scholarly journals Seroepidemiology ofCoxiella burnetiiInfection and its Frequency as a Cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Canada

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Marrie ◽  
Emidio de Carolis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Acute Q Fever

The present study tested acute and convalescent serum samples from 788 patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia in seven Canadian provinces for antibodies toCoxiella burnetii. One hundred nine patients (13.8%) had antibodies to this microorganism, and seven patients had acute Q fever. Serological evidence of infection withC burnetiiwas present in patients from all seven provinces. Three of the seven cases of acute Q fever were from Manitoba, suggesting that there may be unrecognized cases of Q fever in this province. In addition, a case of acute Q fever in Newfoundland, where there had previously been no reported cases, was noted, although subsequently, an outbreak of Q fever on goat farms has been reported.

scholarly journals A study of human respiratory tract chlamydial infections in Cambridgeshire 1986–88

1990 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G Wreghitt ◽  
C. E Barker ◽  
J. D Treharne ◽  
J. M Phipps ◽  
V Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract ◽  
Relative Incidence ◽  
Chlamydial Infections

SUMMARYHuman respiratory tract chlamydial infections have been studied in Cambridge-shire for many years, but until recently we have been unable to distinguish between infection withChlamydia psittaciOrChlamydia pneumoniae(TWAR). In this study, we have employed the micro-immunofluorescence (micro-IF) test for this purpose and to look for the relative incidence ofC. psittaciandC. pneumoniaeinfections in Cambridgeshire. Among 50 patients with community-acquired respiratory tract symptoms whose serum samples had Chlamydia complement fixation test titres ≥ 64, 25 had evidence of recentC. psittaciorC. pneumoniaeinfection. Nineteen (76%) of the 25 patients had evidence of recentC. psittaciinfection and of these 16 (84%) had recently had contact with birds. Six patients (24%) had evidence of recentC. pneumoniaeinfection, and of these, only two (33% had recently had contact with birds). WhileC. psittaciwas grown from several of the birds associated with humanC. psittaciinfection, it was not cultured from any of the birds in contact with the two humanC. pnemoniaecases.

The serodiagnosis of human hydatid disease: 2. Additional studies on selected sera using indirect haemagglutination (IHA), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS)

1979 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Matossian ◽  
Moira L. McLaren ◽  
C. C. Draper ◽  
C. M. Patricia Bradstreet ◽  
Mabel W. Dighero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Negative Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Indirect Haemagglutination

ABSTRACTSixty-one serum samples selected on the basis of reactivity in the complement fixation (CF) and latex agglutination (LA) test, were further examined for sensitivity and specificity by indirect haemagglutination (IHA), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS). Twenty sera from healthy Europeans and 48 samples from patients with either schistosomiasis or trichinosis were also tested. Comparable levels of sensitivity were found between the CF and LA positive sera and IHA, ELISA and DASS. Of the CF positive LA negative group of sera, many were positive by DASS but only a few reacted in IHA and ELISA. Some cross reactivity was also observed in the schistosomiasis sera tested by IHA and ELISA.

scholarly journals Purification and Characterization of a Mycelial Catalase from Scedosporium boydii, a Useful Tool for Specific Antibody Detection in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mina ◽  
Agnès Marot-Leblond ◽  
Bernard Cimon ◽  
Maxime J. J. Fleury ◽  
Gérald Larcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTScedosporium boydiiis an opportunistic filamentous fungus which may be responsible for a wide variety of infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. This fungus belongs to theScedosporium apiospermumspecies complex, which usually ranks second among the filamentous fungi colonizing the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and may lead to allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses, sensitization, or respiratory infections. Upon microbial infection, host phagocytic cells release reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, as part of the antimicrobial response. Catalases are known to protect pathogens against ROS by detoxification of the hydrogen peroxide. Here, we investigated the catalase equipment ofScedosporium boydii, one of the major pathogenic species in theS. apiospermumspecies complex. Three catalases were identified, and the mycelial catalase A1 was purified to homogeneity by a three-step chromatographic process. This enzyme is a monofunctional tetrameric protein of 460 kDa, consisting of four 82-kDa glycosylated subunits. The potential usefulness of this enzyme in serodiagnosis ofS. apiospermuminfections was then investigated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using 64 serum samples from CF patients. Whatever the species involved in theS. apiospermumcomplex, sera from infected patients were clearly differentiated from sera from patients with anAspergillus fumigatusinfection or those from CF patients without clinical and biological signs of a fungal infection and without any fungus recovered from sputum samples. These results suggest that catalase A1 is a good candidate for the development of an immunoassay for serodiagnosis of infections caused by theS. apiospermumcomplex in patients with CF.

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