Recombinant Myeloperoxidase as a New Class of Antimicrobial Agents

Over the past decade, Ukraine has been one of the leaders in exporting honey to EU countries. The main obstacle to increasing the export of Ukrainian honey to EU countries is the discrepancy of honey safety indicators with the requirements of importing countries. This is due to the use of a significant number of drugs with antimicrobial spectrum of action in the treatment and prevention of diseases of bees, the remains of which fall into honey. In domestic honey, according to recent data, the remains of such groups of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents as chloramphenicol, nitrofuran, nitroimidazole, sulfanilamides, tetracyclines and aminoglycosides are most commonly found.The nitrofurans, which are quite stable, can be stored in honey for a long time and are not destroyed even at high temperatures. Therefore, the urgent question remains the development and introduction into practice of laboratory analysis of a sensitive and reliable method for determining the residual amounts of nitrofurans in honey.The method developed by us allows us to determine the residual amounts of metabolites of nitrofurans in honey, namely: furazolidone derivative - 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), furaltadone-3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ), nitrofurase-semicarbazide SEM) and nitrofurantoin-1-aminohydandomine (AHD).The use of drugs nitrofuran number in the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases of bees involves the receipt of their metabolites in honey in the human body.The conducted studies revealed that nitrofurantoin (38% of honey samples) was used most often in beekeeping, followed by fureladone (24%), while nitrofurase and furazolidone were used equally in 19% of honey samples, respectively.The conducted studies revealed 4 metabolites of nitrofurans in natural honey, namely the metabolite furazolidone 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), nitrofurase-semicarbazide (SEM), furaltadone-3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ), and nitrofurantoin - 1-aminohydandomine (AHD).The content of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) and semicarbazide (SEM) in honey exceeds the MDR by the norms of Ukraine. According to EU norms, the content of 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ) and 1-aminohydinotin (AHD) in honey exceeds MDR and the semicarbazide content (SEM) permissible concentration.

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Antimicrobial Therapy in the Context of the Damage-Response Framework: the Prospect of Optimizing Therapy by Reducing Host Damage

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01800-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liise-anne Pirofski ◽

Arturo Casadevall

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Antimicrobial Therapy ◽

Host Response ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Microbial Pathogenesis ◽

The Past ◽

Central Tenet ◽

Damage Response ◽

Relevant Outcome

ABSTRACT By design, antimicrobial agents act directly on microbial targets. These drugs aim to eliminate microbes and are remarkably effective against susceptible organisms. Nonetheless, some patients succumb to infectious diseases despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Today, with very few exceptions, physicians select antimicrobial therapy based on its activity against the targeted organism without consideration of how the regimen affects patients’ immune responses. An important concept to emerge in the past few decades is that immune responses to microbes can be detrimental by enhancing host damage, which can translate into clinical disease. A central tenet of the damage-response framework (DRF) of microbial pathogenesis is that the relevant outcome of host-microbe interaction is the damage that occurs in the host, which can be due to microbial factors, host factors, or both. Given that host damage can make patients sick, reducing it should be a goal of treating infectious diseases. Inflammation and damage that stem from the host response to an infectious disease can increase during therapy with some antimicrobial agents and decrease during therapy with others. When a patient cannot eliminate a microbe with their own immune response, antimicrobial therapy is essential for microbial elimination, and yet it can affect the inflammatory response. In this essay, we discuss antimicrobial therapy in the context of the DRF and propose that consideration of the DRF may help tailor therapy to a patient’s need to augment or reduce inflammation.

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Re-emergence of infectious diseases associated with the past

The Lancet Microbe ◽

10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00066-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. e140

Author(s):

Priya Venkatesan

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

The Past

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MicroRNAs: Biological Regulators in Pathogen–Host Interactions

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells9010113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 113 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephanie Maia Acuña ◽

Lucile Maria Floeter-Winter ◽

Sandra Marcia Muxel

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Small Rnas ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Host Interactions ◽

The Past ◽

Biological Aspects

An inflammatory response is essential for combating invading pathogens. Several effector components, as well as immune cell populations, are involved in mounting an immune response, thereby destroying pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. In the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding small RNAs, have emerged as functionally significant regulatory molecules with the significant capability of fine-tuning biological processes. The important role of miRNAs in inflammation and immune responses is highlighted by studies in which the regulation of miRNAs in the host was shown to be related to infectious diseases and associated with the eradication or susceptibility of the infection. Here, we review the biological aspects of microRNAs, focusing on their roles as regulators of gene expression during pathogen–host interactions and their implications in the immune response against Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma, and Plasmodium infectious diseases.

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2,2-Dialkylacetic Acids -A New Class of Naturally Occurring Lipid Constituents

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1995-1-218 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 50 (1-2) ◽

pp. 123-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gottfried Raab ◽

Jürgen Jacob

Keyword(s):

Retention Time ◽

Relative Retention Time ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

South American ◽

Time Data ◽

New Class ◽

The Past ◽

Relative Retention ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Acetic Acids

Abstract The uropygial gland waxes of the South American red-legged Seriema (Cariama cristata (L., 1766)) were found to be composed of unbranched alcohols and 2,2′-dialkyl-substituted acetic acids which so far have not been found in skin lipids. When used as a chemosystematic character, the occurrence of this lipid class separates the order Cariamiformes (Seriemas) from all other avian orders hitherto investigated, especially from the Gruiformes (cranes and rails) to which they have been tentatively attributed in the past. From the GC retention time data now available for a series of 2-alkyl-substituted fatty acid methyl esters relative retention time indices for other compounds may be predicted.

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Varicella and Cortisone

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.18.1.160 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 160-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

ROBERT J. HAGGERTY ◽

R. CANNON ELEY

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Medical Center ◽

Post Mortem ◽

The Past ◽

Vesicle Fluid ◽

Heart Blood ◽

Cortisone Therapy ◽

Relationship Of

In the past 2 years we have seen 2 patients at the Children's Medical Center, who, while receiving cortisone therapy, developed varicella and died following a state of shock within a few days after the appearance of the vesicles. Post-mortem examinations of these patients revealed hemorrhagic vesicles throughout all viscera. In 1 case the virus of varicella was grown from vesicle fluid, heart blood, and lung. Since fatalities from varicella in childhood are so rarely encountered, even by physicians with vast experience in the field of infectious diseases, and since the clinical course of the infection in these two patients was so fulminating, the possible relationship of cortisone administration was raised.

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2015 Nelson's Pediatric Antimicrobial Therapy

10.1542/9781581109177 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Antimicrobial Therapy ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Complete Information ◽

Care Providers ◽

Dosing Regimens

New! This bestselling and widely used resource on pediatric antimicrobial therapy provides instant access to reliable, up-to-the-minute recommendations for treatment of all infectious diseases in children. For each disease, the authors provide a commentary to help health care providers select the best of all antimicrobial choices. Drug descriptions cover all antimicrobial agents available today, and include complete information about dosing regimens. In response to growing concerns about overuse of antibiotics, the book includes guidelines on when not to prescribe antimicrobials. Key 21st edition features! Contents

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Silver nanomaterials as future colorants and potential antimicrobial agents for natural and synthetic textile materials

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c6ra05799c ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (50) ◽

pp. 44232-44247 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Shahid-ul-Islam Shahid-ul-Islam ◽

B. S. Butola ◽

Faqeer Mohammad

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Textile Materials ◽

The Past ◽

Silver Nanomaterials ◽

Antimicrobial Textiles ◽

Application Fields ◽

Natural And Synthetic

Over the past few years, antimicrobial textiles have gained considerable interest for use in different application fields.

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Dermoscopy revealing a case of Tinea Nigra*

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia ◽

10.1590/s0365-05962013000100021 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (1) ◽

pp. 128-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Paulo Ricardo Criado ◽

Lívia Delgado ◽

Gustavo Alonso Pereira

Keyword(s):

Infectious Diseases ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Glabrous Skin ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Brown Patch ◽

The Past ◽

History Of ◽

Tinea Nigra ◽

Skin Conditions

Dermoscopy has being used over the past twenty years as a noninvasive aid in the diagnosis of innumerable skin conditions, including infectious diseases and infestations (Entodermoscopy).Tinea nigra is a superficial phaeohyfomycosis that affects mainly the glabrous skin of palms and soles. We describe a 14 year-old girl with a three-month history of an enlarging brown patch of her hand diagnosed as Tinea Nigra following clinical and dermoscopy examination.These images emphasize the importance of dermoscopy as a diagnostic tool in the daily routine of dermatologists.

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Synthesis and biological evaluation of triphenyl-imidazoles as a new class of antimicrobial agents

European Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.5155/eurjchem.9.4.369-374.1785 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 369-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anupam Anupam ◽

Mohammed Al-Bratty ◽

Hassan Ahmad Alhazmi ◽

Shamim Ahmad ◽

Supriya Maity ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Fungal Strain ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Lead Compounds ◽

New Class ◽

Diffusion Technique ◽

Ft Ir

Newer triphenyl-imidazole derivatives (4a-h) were synthesized in good yields by the reaction of benzil and substituted benzaldehydes in equimolar quantities and refluxing the product with acetyl chloride thereafter. Structures were confirmed by using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity using agar diffusion technique against Gram positive (Staphhylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis), Gram negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aureginosa) as well as Fungal strain (Candida albicans). Interestingly compounds 4a, 4b, 4f and 4h showed significant antibacterial activity, whereas compound 4b was found to have remarkable activity against the fungal strain. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of most active compounds were determined by broth dilution method and compound 4b emerged to have potent activities against most of the strains having MIC in the range of 25-200 µg/mL. To check the possible toxicities of the most active compounds, they were orally administered in rats and the concentration of liver enzymes serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) were determined. Compound 4h showed significant increase in the enzymes level depicting the hepatotoxicity. The structure-activity relationship studies showed the importance of electron withdrawing groups at the distant phenyl ring at ortho and para positions as the compounds having chloro or nitro at these positions tend to be more active than the compounds with electron releasing groups such as methoxy. These compounds may act as lead compounds for further studies and appropriate modification in their structure may lead to agents having high efficacy with lesser toxicity.

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