scholarly journals Dermoscopy revealing a case of Tinea Nigra*

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Ricardo Criado ◽  
Lívia Delgado ◽  
Gustavo Alonso Pereira

Dermoscopy has being used over the past twenty years as a noninvasive aid in the diagnosis of innumerable skin conditions, including infectious diseases and infestations (Entodermoscopy).Tinea nigra is a superficial phaeohyfomycosis that affects mainly the glabrous skin of palms and soles. We describe a 14 year-old girl with a three-month history of an enlarging brown patch of her hand diagnosed as Tinea Nigra following clinical and dermoscopy examination.These images emphasize the importance of dermoscopy as a diagnostic tool in the daily routine of dermatologists.

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Claire Gehrig ◽  
Katrin Hartmann ◽  
Felix Günther ◽  
André Klima ◽  
Gabriele Habacher ◽  
...  

Objectives Vaccination is the most important measure for prevention of feline infectious diseases. Cat owner compliance with vaccination recommendations has been investigated in the UK but not in other European countries. The aim of the present study was to determine cat owners’ attitudes towards vaccination in cats in Germany, to identify factors that are associated with the vaccination status of their cats and to compare the results with those of the UK survey. Methods The survey was conducted using an online questionnaire and was aimed at respondents throughout Germany. Respondents under 16 years of age, cats that were less than 9 weeks old and veterinarians were excluded. A total of 920 questionnaires were evaluated, and information about cats and respondents was assessed with respect to the current vaccination status of the cats using a linear logistic regression model. Results The majority of cats (77.9%; n = 717) were vaccinated according to current guidelines; only 5.4% (n = 50; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.00–9.00) of cats had never received a vaccine. Having visited a cattery, a cat show or travelled abroad in the past 12 months (n = 96/773; odds ratio [OR] 6.95; 95% CI 1.65–52.19) had the highest positive impact on the vaccination status of cats. In addition, detailed veterinary advice about vaccination had a positive impact (n = 275/773; OR 2.09; 95% CI 0.67–6.25) on the attitude of owners towards vaccinating their cats. Conclusions and relevance A history of travelling abroad or visiting cat shows or a cattery, and thus regulatory requirements, had the greatest positive impact on the current vaccination status of the cats. Veterinary consultation on preventive measures, including vaccination, is crucial for protecting the cat population against infectious diseases.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
A. B. Belov

The history of the study of infections attributed by the microbiologist and epidemiologist V.I. Tersky in 1958 as the class of human infectious diseases – «Sapronoses» is presented. Over the past 60 years in the world and especially in Russian science the knowledge that allows us to complete the development of an ecological and epidemiological theory of sapronoses infections was accumulated. This knowledge should be extended to the whole complex of biomedical sciences associated with the population pathology of biota. To solve the controversial and complex issues of the theory, terminology and classifications of population infectology, it is necessary to integrate the knowledge of specialists in various fields of research and practice in the medicine, veterinary medicine, parasitology, phytopathology and other disciplines. The ways and prospects of improving the general theory of infectology in the light of new approaches to understanding the essence of sapronoses are discussed. 


2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. S289-S291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Leguia ◽  
Anton Vila-Sanjurjo ◽  
Patrick S G Chain ◽  
Irina Maljkovic Berry ◽  
Richard G Jarman ◽  
...  

Abstract This brief report serves as an introduction to a supplement of the Journal of Infectious Diseases entitled “Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) Technologies to Advance Global Infectious Disease Research.” We briefly discuss the history of NGS technologies and describe how the techniques developed during the past 40 years have impacted our understanding of infectious diseases. Our focus is on the application of NGS in the context of pathogen genomics. Beyond obvious clinical and public health applications, we also discuss the challenges that still remain within this rapidly evolving field.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
A. N. Lukashev

The pandemic of COVID-19, a novel respiratory infection, has become one of the most significant events in the history of infectious diseases over the past 100 years. The article reviews the main stages in the development of a pandemic and the fight against it, the most appealing issued faced by medical science, the successes and mistakes of healthcare systems and researchers, the current state of the problem and the nearest prospects.


Author(s):  
Roman Aleksandrovich Tolmachev ◽  
Lyudmila Grigorievna Podunova ◽  
Sergey Pavlovich Glyantsev

For the first time, more than 700 award, anniversary and commemorative badges reflecting the history of hygiene, microbiology and epidemiology were systematized and analyzed. The following directions are identified for studying the history of these medical specialties and educational and scientific disciplines with the help of epigraphy: 1) outstanding figures of hygiene, microbiology and epidemiology; 2) hygienic and epidemiological congresses, congresses and other forums; 3) specialized research institutions; 4) educational institutions and faculties of universities that train specialists in the field of hygiene, microbiology and epidemiology; 5) pathogens and vectors of infectious diseases; 6) methods of detecting microorganisms and treating infections; 7) the COVID-19 pandemic. The study showed that during the XX and XXI centuries a large number of badges (awards and commemorative) were issued, reflecting selected pages of the history of hygiene, microbiology and epidemiology. These faleristic objects related to the art of small forms are full-fledged primary sources for studying the history of these areas of medicine and objects for the collections of state, municipal and departmental museums of medical subjects. Signs with portraits of outstanding hygienists, microbiologists and epidemiologists can be used to study and illustrate their life and activities, contribution to science and perpetuate their memory. Epigraphy on the presented signs can help both in establishing the time of a particular fact or event in the past (for example, the dates of the life and activity of an outstanding scientist; the time, place and subject of the scientific forum, the opening date of the research institute, educational institution, faculty or department, etc.), and the specifics of conducting scientific research in the field of hygiene, microbiology and epidemiology (pathogens and vectors of diseases; concepts, devices and research methods, methods of diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases, etc.).


Author(s):  
Ian Wilmut ◽  
Tuempong Wongtawan ◽  
Mindy Quigley ◽  
Gareth Sullivan

Over the past two or three centuries, biomedical advances have provided methods to prevent and treat infectious diseases. These changes have greatly reduced human suffering and enhanced sustainability by allowing people to live longer and healthier lives. The challenge for the coming centuries will be to ensure that these longer, healthier lives are also more productive lives. We must build on the gains of the past by translating new discoveries in regenerative medicine into therapies for degenerative and genetic diseases. Stem cells may be used to identify drugs that prevent the development of symptoms or to replace cells that have either died or lost their physiological function. In the case of genetic diseases, it may be possible to correct the genetic error. While most conditions that might be treated in these ways are common to all communities, some are more prevalent in specific races. Provision of these and other benefits depends not only on attainment of the research objectives, but also upon our ability to make treatment opportunities available throughout both developed and developing communities. The long history of researching and treating infectious diseases shows that it may take many decades to reap the full benefit of the new biological understanding.


2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 242-255
Author(s):  
Elizabeta Ristanovic

Infectious diseases are recognized as one of the leading security risks in the changing security architecture of the contemporary world, because of the dimensions of the possible consequences that can provoke, as evidenced by the epidemics that changed the history of mankind in the past (plague, smallpox, Spanish influenza) and the consequences that have been left behind the epidemic of Ebola or AIDS as interplanetary plague of the new era. Migrations and climate changes present the risk of emergency of new or increasing the incidence of existing infectious diseases. Misuse of microorganisms and their products for terrorist purposes-bioterrorism, today also represents a major security risk and real danger, especially because of the possibility of misuse of genetic engineering and biotechnology for the improvement of biological weapons. Therefore, it is important to strengthen the resources at the national and international level for an adequate response to the possible epidemics, as well as prevention and response in the event of bioterrorist acts.


Author(s):  
И. Каплунайте

Туалеты являются неотъемлемой частью повседневной жизни. В историографии эта тема не нова, но ей до сих пор уделяется недостаточно внимания. Может быть, из-за деликатности предмета? Однако неоднозначность темы не отрицает ее актуальности и важности для раскрытия повседневной жизни прошлого. При этом большое значение приобретают различные объекты и сооружения, обнаруженные в ходе археологических исследований. Их детальный анализ раскрывает не только особенности строительства уборных, но и показывает различные аспекты жизни, отношение людей того времени к чистоте и личной гигиене. Анализ локализации выгребных ям отражает культуру утилизации мусора, выявляет некоторые городские технические решения. Содержимое выгребных ям может показать привычки людей в еде, болезни прошлого и даже элементы изобретательности (например, сокрытие дорогих вещей в туалете). В данной статье представлена краткая история уборных, их типов и строительства в Средние века, приведены примеры из Вильнюса и других городов. Кроме того, уделяется внимание возможностям выявления такого типа объектов в ходе археологических исследований и продолжения исследований в лаборатории. Toilets are an integral part of everyday life. In historiography, this topic is not new, but it is still not given enough attention. Perhaps this is due to the delicacy of the object? However, the ambiguity of the topic does not deny its relevance and importance, revealing the daily routine of the past. In this case various objects and constructions, discovered during archeological investigations, becomes very important. Their detailed analysis reveals not only the peculiarities of the construction of the privies, but also shows various aspects of everyday life, the attitude of the people of that time to cleanliness and personal hygiene. Cesspit localization analysis reflects the culture of garbage disposal, reveals some urban solutions. Content of the cesspits can show people’s eating habits, past illnesses, and even ingenuity (for example, by hiding expensive things in the privy). This article presents a brief history of the privies, their types and their construction in the middle Ages, presenting examples from Vilnius and foreign cities. Besides attention is paid to the possibilities of identifying such type of objects during archaeological research and, later, in the laboratory.


1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. W. Small

It is generally accepted that history is an element of culture and the historian a member of society, thus, in Croce's aphorism, that the only true history is contemporary history. It follows from this that when there occur great changes in the contemporary scene, there must also be great changes in historiography, that the vision not merely of the present but also of the past must change.


1962 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
M. Schwarzschild

It is perhaps one of the most important characteristics of the past decade in astronomy that the evolution of some major classes of astronomical objects has become accessible to detailed research. The theory of the evolution of individual stars has developed into a substantial body of quantitative investigations. The evolution of galaxies, particularly of our own, has clearly become a subject for serious research. Even the history of the solar system, this close-by intriguing puzzle, may soon make the transition from being a subject of speculation to being a subject of detailed study in view of the fast flow of new data obtained with new techniques, including space-craft.


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