Presence of Clustered GM1 Ganglioside in the Membrane of Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells is Dependent on Cell Cycle Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
V. I. Chubinskiy-Nadezhdin ◽  
M. A. Shilina ◽  
A. V. Sudarikova ◽  
O. G. Lyublinskaya ◽  
Yu. A. Negulyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Gm1 Ganglioside ◽  
Cell Cycle Stage

High Glucose Affects the Cytotoxic Potential of Rapamycin, Metformin and Hydrogen Peroxide in Cultured Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Roohi ◽  
Mahin Nikougoftar ◽  
Hamed Montazeri ◽  
Shadisadat Navabi ◽  
Fazel Shokri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Cell Cycle Distribution ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Background: Oxidative stress and chronic hyperglycemia are two major side effects of type 2 diabetes affecting all cell types including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). As a cell therapy choice, understanding the behavior of MSCs will provide crucial information for efficient treatment. Methods: Placental mesenchymal stem cells were treated with various concentrations of glucose, metformin, rapamycin, and hydrogen peroxide to monitor their viability and cell cycle distribution. Cellular viability was examined via the MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was studied by propidium iodide staining and apoptosis was determined using Annexin Vpropidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. Involvement of potential signaling pathways was evaluated by Western blotting for activation of Akt, P70S6K, and AMPK. Results: The results indicated that high glucose augmented cell viability and reduced metformin toxic potential. However, the hydrogen peroxide and rapamycin toxicities were exacerbated. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high glucose concentration has a major effect on placental mesenchymal stem cell viability in the presence of rapamycin, metformin and hydrogen peroxide in culture.

scholarly journals THU0495 NOVEL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS: FOCUS ON MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IMPAIRMENT, SENESCENCE AND IMMUNOREGULATORY FUNCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 483.2-484
Author(s):  
L. Zaripova ◽  
A. Midgley ◽  
S. Christmas ◽  
E. Baildam ◽  
R. Oldershaw
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Background:Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a well-known chronic rheumatic disease of childhood characterised by progressive joint destruction and severe systemic complications.Immune cells are known to trigger the pathophysiological cascade in JIA, but there is little information regarding the contribution made by Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells are able to modulate the immune response and decrease the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. With addition of regenerative property it makes MSCs potential candidates for clinical application as immunosuppressants in treatment of autoimmune diseases.Objectives:To investigate MSCs proliferation, viability and immunomodulatory function in JIA and healthy children.Methods:MSCs were separated from peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) of JIA patients and healthy controls. Cell proliferation rate was counted by Population doublings per day (PDD) during 9 days, in the last of which alamarBlue™ assays were performed to assess cell viability. Due to measure senescence MSCs were stained with SA-β-galactosidase. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of p16, p21, p53. Oxidative stress was measured with DCFH-DA. Cell cycle analysis was evaluated with Propidium Iodide and analysed by Accuri® C6 Flow Cytometer.Commercially-available bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were treated with graded concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (0.1-100 ng/ml) with following examination of cell viability. Mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) were performed to measure MSC immunomodulatory abilityin vitro.Results:The growth kinetics of JIA-MSCs were different from healthy controls. JIA-MSCs divided slowly and appeared disorganised with large cytoplasm and loads of outgrowth. They demonstrated a decrease in cell proliferation (negative PDD) and metabolic activity. Difference in growth kinetics and metabolic activity were found inside the JIA PB group with some evidence of response following biological treatment. Thus, PB-MSCs from patients treated with TNFi and anti-IL6 medications had notably higher cell proliferation and metabolic activity against JIA patients received other therapy. Considering this difference, it was hypothesised that cytokines obtained in a high amount in PB and SF of JIA patients may influence MSCs viability. To prove this BM-MSCs were treated with cytokines and demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in metabolic activity significantly after TNFα and IL1, no significantly after treatment with IL6. Both BM-MSCs treated with cytokines and JIA-MSCs displayed high level of reactive oxygen species.Cell cycle analysis revealed that JIA-MSCs were arrested in G0/G1 phase with low number of mitotic cells. In addition, the number of senescence-associated SA-β-gal-positive cells was notably higher in JIA-MSCs. Furthermore, JIA-MSCs expressed high level of immunofluorescence for p16, p21 and p53 which played an important role in regulating the senescence progress of MSCs.Results of MLR showed the ability of BM-MSCs to decrease the percentage of activated T-helpers, T-suppressors, B-cells and natural killers proliferation, while JIA-MSCs lost this property.Conclusion:Taken together current research has demonstrated that under the influence of proinflammatory cytokines JIA-MSCs suffered from oxidative stress and disruption of metabolic activity acquire senescent morphology, shorten of telomere length, arrest in G0 phase of cell cycle and finally loss of immune regulation. We are continuing our research to determine the mechanisms that are responsible for the impaired phenotype with the aim of identifying new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of JIA.Disclosure of Interests: :None declared

scholarly journals Effect of Placental Extract on Omentum Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation in NMRI Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Maryam Sadat Nezhadfazel ◽  
Kazem Parivar ◽  
Nasim Hayati Roodbari ◽  
Mitra Heydari Nasrabadi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Nmri Mice ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Placental Extract

Omentum mesenchymal stem cells (OMSCs) could be induced to differentiate into cell varieties under certain conditions. We studied differentiation of OMSCs induced by using placenta extract in NMRI mice. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from omentum and cultured with mice placenta extract. MSCs, were assessed after three passages by flow cytometry for CD90, CD44, CD73, CD105, CD34 markers and were recognized their ability to differentiate into bone and fat cell lines. Placenta extract dose was determined with IC50 test then OMSCs were cultured in DMEM and 20% placenta extract.The cell cycle was checked. OMSCs were assayed on 21 days after culture and differentiated cells were determined by flow cytometry and again processed for flow cytometry. CD90, CD44, CD73, CD105 markers were not expressed, only CD34 was their marker. OMSCs were morphologically observed. Differentiated cells are similar to the endothelial cells. Therefore, to identify differentiated cells, CD31 and FLK1 expression were measured. This was confirmed by its expression. G1 phase of the cell cycle shows that OMSCs compared to the control group, were in the differentiation phase. The reason for the differentiation of MSCs into endothelial cells was the sign of presence of VEGF factor in the medium too high value of as a VEGF secreting source.

scholarly journals PTPN21 Overexpression Promotes Osteogenic and Adipogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells but Inhibits the Immunosuppressive Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huafang Wang ◽  
Xiaohang Ye ◽  
Haowen Xiao ◽  
Ni Zhu ◽  
Cong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) act as key regulators in various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Our previous research demonstrated that non-receptor-typed PTP21 (PTPN21), a member of the PTP family, played a critical role in the proliferation, cell cycle, and chemosensitivity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. However, the role of PTPN21 in the bone marrow microenvironment has not yet been elucidated. In the study, we explored the effects of PTPN21 on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) via lentiviral-mediated overexpression and knock-down of PTPN21 in vitro. Overexpressing PTPN21 in BM-MSCs inhibited the proliferation through arresting cell cycle at the G0 phase but rendered them a higher osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential. In addition, overexpressing PTPN21 in BM-MSCs increased their senescence levels through upregulation of P21 and P53 and dramatically changed the levels of crosstalk with their typical target cells including immunocytes, tumor cells, and vascular endothelial cells. BM-MSCs overexpressing PTPN21 had an impaired immunosuppressive function and an increased capacity of recruiting tumor cells and vascular endothelial cells in a chemotaxis transwell coculture system. Collectively, our data suggested that PTPN21 acted as a pleiotropic factor in modulating the function of human BM-MSCs.

scholarly journals p130 And pRb in the Maintenance of Transient Quiescence of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Boris Popov ◽  
Nikolai Petrov ◽  
Vladimir Ryabov ◽  
Igor Evsyukov
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
State Level ◽  
Gel Shift Assay ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cycle Regulation ◽  
And Control

An effective regulation of quiescence plays a key role in the differentiation, plasticity, and prevention of stem cells from becoming malignant. The state of quiescence is being controlled by the pRb family proteins which show overlapping functions in cell cycle regulation; however, their roles in controlling the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain to be understood. This study investigated the regulation of transient quiescence using growth curves, proliferation assay, the cytometric evaluation of cell cycle, Western blotting, and the electromobility gel shift assay (EMSA) on synchronized MSCs of the C3H10Т1/2 and control cells with different statuses of pRb proteins. It has been found that functional steady-state level of p130 but not pRb plays a critical role for entering, exiting, and maintenance of transient quiescence in multipotent mesenchymal stem cells.

scholarly journals Combining neuropeptide Y and mesenchymal stem cells reverses remodeling after myocardial infarction

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (1) ◽  
pp. H275-H286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigang Wang ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Tiemin Zhao ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Border Zone ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Infarcted Myocardium ◽  
Adult Cardiomyocytes

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) induced reentry of differentiated rat neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes into the cell cycle. NPY also induced differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into cardiomyocytes following transplantation into infarcted myocardium. Rat neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes were treated in vitro with vehicle, NPY, fibroblast growth factor (FGF; 100 ng/ml), or FGF plus NPY. DNA synthesis, mitosis, and cytokinesis were determined by immunocytochemistry. NPY-induced MSC gene expression, cell migration, tube formation, and endothelial cell differentiation were analyzed. Male rat green fluorescent protein-MSC (2 × 106), pretreated with either vehicle or NPY (10−8 M) for 72 h, were injected into the border zone of the female myocardium following left anterior descending artery ligation. On day 30, heart function was assessed, and hearts were harvested for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. NPY increased 5-bromo-2′-deoxy-uridine incorporation and promoted both cytokinesis and mitosis in rat neonatal and adult myocytes. NPY also upregulated several genes required for mitosis in MSC, including aurora B kinase, FGF-2, cycline A2, eukaryotic initiation factor 4 E, and stromal cell-derived factor-1α. NPY directly induced neonatal and adult cardiomyocyte cell-cycle reentry and enhanced the number of differentiated cardiomyocytes from MSC in the infarcted myocardium, which corresponded to improved cardiac function, reduced fibrosis, ventricular remodeling, and increased angiomyogenesis. It is concluded that a combined treatment of NPY with MSC is a novel approach for cardiac repair.

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