What diseases are causally linked to vitamin D deficiency?

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R Reid
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Clinical Consequence ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Trial Evidence

The classical clinical consequence of vitamin D deficiency is osteomalacia, presenting as rickets in children. This remains a common problem in parts of the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent, and occurs when serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are <25 nmol/L. Osteomalacia remains the only problem that is unequivocally a consequence of vitamin D deficiency. Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are observed in a wide range of conditions, but consistent trial evidence of amelioration of these conditions with vitamin D is lacking. Monotherapy with vitamin D has not been found to be effective in meta-analyses of trials assessing its effects on bone density, fractures or falls. At present, supplements should be advised for individuals at risk of having serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the 25–40 nmol/L range, or below, with a view to prevention of osteomalacia.

Vitamin D: a potential role in reducing suicide risk?

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad M. Tariq ◽  
Elizabeth A. Streeten ◽  
Helen A. Smith ◽  
Aamar Sleemi ◽  
Baharak Khabazghazvini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Time Of Year

Abstract Suicide attempts are known to peak in the spring, overlapping with the time of year when 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are at their nadir in the northern hemisphere because of negligible skin production of vitamin D owing to low levels of ultraviolet B radiation. Low levels of 25(OH)D, the vitamin D metabolite used to diagnose vitamin D deficiency, have been associated with certain pro-suicidal factors such as exacerbation of depression, anxiety, psychosis, and certain medical conditions. Therefore, we hypothesize that vitamin D deficiency could also be associated with increased risk of completed suicides. Here, we briefly review the literature on vitamin D, its deficiency, and its reported association with certain risk factors for suicide.

Depressed Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels Increase Hospital Stay and Alter Glucose Homeostasis in First-ever Ischemic Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-347
Author(s):  
Yuge Wang ◽  
Yanqiang Wang ◽  
Bingjun Zhang ◽  
Yinyao Lin ◽  
Sha Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Deficiency Group

Background and Objective: Vitamin D deficiency is internationally recognized among the potentially modifiable risk factors for ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. However, the association between vitamin D deficiency and stroke morbidity or mortality remains insufficiently known. Our aim is to investigate their relevance to 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels and clinical severity and outcome after 3 months in first-ever ischemic stroke. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 356 consecutive patients in first-ever ischemic stroke between 2013 and 2015. Serum 25(OH) D levels were measured at baseline. Stroke severity was assessed at admission using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Functional outcome after 3 months of onset was evaluated using the modified Rankin scale (mRS). Results: Among the 356 enrolled patients, HbA1c was higher in insufficiency/deficiency group than that in the sufficiency group (6.3 ± 1.7 vs. 5.9 ± 1.1, p =0.015). The hospital stay was longer in insufficiency/deficiency group than that in the sufficiency group (11 (8-17) vs. 9.5 (7-13), p = 0.035). There was a significant inversed trend between serum 25(OH) D levels and hospital stay (OR 0.960, P = 0.031), using logistic regression. Conclusions: 25(OH)D levels are associated with glucose homeostasis, 25(OH) D contributes to increase the length of hospital stay. Low serum 25-OHD level is an independent predictor for hospital stay in first-ever ischemic stroke. Vitamin D deficiency did not predict functional outcome in the span of 3 months.

scholarly journals Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a one sample Mendelian randomization study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xiao ◽  
Jingyi Lv ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Lunwen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Randomization Analysis

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components. However, it is unclear whether a low concentration of vitamin D is the cause or consequence of these health conditions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association of vitamin D concentrations and its genetic risk scores (GRSs) with MS and its component diseases, such as T2D, in middle-aged and elderly participants from rural eastern China. Methods A subset of 2393 middle-aged and elderly individuals were selected from 70,458 participants of the Nantong Chronic Diseases Study of 2017–2018 in China. We used two 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) synthesis single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (DHCR7-rs12785878 and CYP2R1-rs10741657) and two 25(OH) D metabolism SNPs (GC-rs2282679 and CYP24A1-rs6013897) for creating GRSs, which were used as instrumental variables to assess the effect of genetically lowered 25(OH) D concentrations on MS and T2D based on the Wald ratio. F statistics were used to validate that the four SNPs genetically determined 25(OH) D concentrations. Results Compared to vitamin D sufficient individuals, individuals with vitamin D insufficiency had an odds ratio (OR [95% confidence interval {CI}]) of MS of 1.30 (1.06–1.61) and of T2D of 1.32 (1.08–1.64), individuals with vitamin D deficiency had an ORs (95% CI) of MS of 1.50 (1.24–1.79) and of T2D of 1.47 (1.12–1.80), and those with vitamin D severe deficiency had an ORs (95% CI) of MS of 1.52 (1.29–1.85) and of T2D of 1.54 (1.27–1.85). Mendelian randomization analysis showed a 25-nmol/L decrease in genetically instrumented serum 25(OH) D concentrations using the two synthesis SNPs (DHCR7 and CYP2R1 genes) associated with the risk of T2D and abnormal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with ORs of 1.10 (95%CI: 1.02–1.45) for T2D and 1.14 (95%CI: 1.03–1.43) for DBP. Conclusions This one sample Mendelian randomization analysis shows genetic evidence for a causal role of lower 25(OH) D concentrations in promoting of T2D and abnormal DBP in middle-aged and elderly participants from rural China.

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Chinese Rural Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Dongdong Zhang ◽  
Cheng Cheng ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yuan Xue ◽  
Yiming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Linear Association ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractThere is a paucity of data on the relation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration and cardiometabolic biomarkers in the Chinese population. To comprehensively and quantitatively examine the association of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic traits, we conducted a cross-sectional study in the Chinese rural population. Serum 25(OH)D and eight cardiometabolic biomarkers were measured in 1714 individuals from Henan province, China. Scatter plot was used to visualize the distribution and correlation of 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic indicators. Moreover, multivariate linear regressions and restricted cubic spline (RCS) functions were performed to examine the quantitative association between the serum 25(OH)D and cardiometabolic parameters. The median serum 25(OH)D level was 19.94 ng/ml in all participants, with an estimated 50.12% presenting vitamin D deficiency. Serum 25(OH)D level showed significantly modest association with cardiometabolic parameters (p<0.05) except for diastolic blood pressure (r=0.03, p=0.22). Multiple linear regression models showed that 25(OH)D concentration was positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting serum glucose (GLU). The results of restricted cubic spline models indicated a positively linear association of 25(OH)D with HDL-C (p for overall<0.001, p for nonlinearity=0.191) and a negatively linear association with GLU (p for overall=0.024, p for nonlinearity=0.095). Overall, vitamin D deficiency was very common among Chinese rural population living near the 34 degrees north latitude. Besides, there were significant association between 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic biomarkers including HDL-C and GLU levels. Future longitudinal studies and randomized trials are warranted to clarify the causal relationship.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Seasonal Variation among Danish Children and Adults: A Descriptive Study

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Hansen ◽  
Anne Tjønneland ◽  
Brian Køster ◽  
Christine Brot ◽  
Rikke Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplement ◽  
Very High

The aim of the present study was to describe vitamin D status and seasonal variation in the general Danish population. In this study, 3092 persons aged 2 to 69 years (2565 adults, 527 children) had blood drawn twice (spring and autumn) between 2012 and 2014. A sub-sample of participants had blood samples taken monthly over a year. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and information on supplement use was assessed from questionnaires. Seasonal variations in 25(OH)D concentrations were evaluated graphically and descriptively, and status according to age, sex, and supplement use was described. It was found that 86% of both adults and children were vitamin D-sufficient in either spring and or/autumn; however, many had a spring concentration below 50 nmol/L. A wide range of 25(OH)D concentrations were found in spring and autumn, with very low and very high values in both seasons. Among adults, women in general had higher median 25(OH)D concentrations than men. Furthermore, vitamin D supplement use was substantial and affected the median concentrations markedly, more so during spring than autumn. Seasonal variation was thus found to be substantial, and bi-seasonal measurements are vital in order to capture the sizable fluctuations in vitamin D status in this Nordic population.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Risk for Vitamin A Intoxication in an 18-Month-Old Boy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Valentina Talarico ◽  
Massimo Barreca ◽  
Rossella Galiano ◽  
Maria Concetta Galati ◽  
Giuseppe Raiola
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Renal Ultrasound ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Intoxication ◽  
Intravenous Hydration ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Low Levels

An 18-month-old boy presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and poor appetite for 6 days. He had been given a multivitamin preparation once daily, containing 50.000 IU of vitamin D and 10.000 IU of vitamin A for a wide anterior fontanelle for about three months. He presented with hypercalcemia, low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), and very high serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels. Renal ultrasound showed nephrocalcinosis. He did not have sign or symptom of vitamin A intoxication. Patient was successfully treated with intravenous hydration, furosemide, and prednisolone. With treatment, serum calcium returned rapidly to the normal range and serum 25-OHD levels were reduced progressively. In conclusion the diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency rickets without checking 25-OHD levels may cause redundant treatment that leads to vitamin D intoxication (VDI).

scholarly journals Response of the 5′-flanking region of the human 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase gene to physiological stimuli using a transgenic mouse model

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Hendrix ◽  
P H Anderson ◽  
J L Omdahl ◽  
B K May ◽  
H A Morris
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Transgenic Mouse ◽  
Reporter Gene ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Flanking Region

The enzyme 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase, or CYP27B1, is the key enzyme in the two-step activation process of vitamin D to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D). While a number of regulators of the renal CYP27B1 enzyme activity have been recognized for some years, their underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown, and the DNA regions involved in the in vivo regulation of gene expression by these factors have not been delineated. We have generated a transgenic mouse line that expresses 1501 bp of 5′ flanking region together with 44 bp of 5′ untranslated region of the human CYP27B1 gene fused to the firefly luciferase reporter gene. Animals expressing the luciferase gene demonstrated that both luciferase protein and mRNA for CYP27B1 were localized to proximal convoluted tubule cells of the kidney. In 2-week-old animals, the expression of the transgene and the endogenous CYP27B1 mRNA levels in the kidney were highest and fell with increasing age. Both reporter gene expression and CYP27B1 mRNA levels were downregulated in response to increasing amounts of dietary calcium in a dose-dependent manner. Vitamin D deficiency resulted in an increase in both the reporter gene and CYP27B1 expression. Interestingly, the increase in CYP27B1 mRNA levels was substantially higher than the increase in reporter gene expression, suggesting either that there is a post-transcriptional mechanism that increases the amount of CYP27B1 mRNA or that other regulatory elements are required to maximize the effect of vitamin D deficiency. These findings demonstrate that the 1501 bp 5′ flanking region of the CYP27B1 gene directs expression to the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney and is responsible for increasing transcriptional activity when dietary calcium and vitamin D levels are depleted. It also responds in the kidney to the physiological regulators of development and ageing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document