scholarly journals Diffuse epithelioid malignant mesothelioma of the pleura presenting as a hydropneumothorax and vertebral body invasion

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. e231987
Author(s):  
Colin Andrew Hinkamp ◽  
Shanup N Dalal ◽  
Yasmeen Butt ◽  
Alberto V Cabo Chan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Neoplastic Transformation ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Short Term

Malignant mesothelioma is an uncommon form of neoplastic transformation of the mesothelial cells that line the serosal surfaces of the body. It most commonly affects the pleura and is often associated with pleural effusions and pleural-based masses. The annual incidence in the United States is only 3300 cases, representing less than 0.3% of all cancers worldwide, although this is likely underestimated. We present a case of diffuse epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma in a patient with remote, short-term asbestos exposure complicated by recurrent left-sided hydropneumothoraces and pleural-based invasion of the T12 vertebral body, which represent two rare coexisting complications. This case illustrates the importance of maintaining a broad differential for hydropneumothorax, particularly as the risk factors may be decades removed and the degree of asbestos exposure to induce a malignant mesothelioma may be smaller than has been traditionally thought.

Case 13.8

2014 ◽  
pp. 628-629
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extrapleural Pneumonectomy ◽  
Parietal Pleura ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Pleural Plaques ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Left Pleura ◽  
Histologic Subtypes

62-year-old man with shortness of breath and an abnormal chest CT Axial 3D SPGR postgadolinium images (Figure 13.8.1) demonstrate diffuse thickening and enhancement of the left pleura, with a few minimally enhancing, focal right-sided pleural plaques. Malignant pleural mesothelioma Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare neoplasm that originates from the mesothelial cells lining the visceral and parietal pleura. The incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma in the United States is 15 cases per million; there is a strong correlation with asbestos exposure. Malignant pleural mesothelioma is divided into 3 histologic subtypes: epithelial (55%-65%), sarcomatoid (10%-15%), and mixed (20%-35%). Patients with epithelial malignant pleural mesothelioma have the best prognosis, and among those with limited disease who undergo extrapleural pneumonectomy (removal of the pleura, lung, hemidiaphragm, and part of the pericardium), survival is longer (5-year survival, 39%) than among all patients (median survival, 8-18 months after diagnosis)....

Survey of Truck Drivers’ Knowledge and Beliefs Regarding Driver Fatigue

1998 ◽  
Vol 1640 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Van Hemel ◽  
William C. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
The United States ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Topic Area ◽  
Knowledge And Beliefs ◽  
And Performance

A survey was distributed to about 25,000 truck drivers in the United States and Canada to determine their knowledge of several fatigue-related topics; 4,833 responses were received and tabulated. Analysis by topic area indicated that the following topics are not well understood by respondents and should be considered for special emphasis in fatigue outreach and education programs. Sleep disorders, especially sleep apnea, appear to be poorly understood by the respondents, and younger drivers are least informed on this topic. Many respondents are not aware that apnea is treatable. Napping is recognized as an effective short-term countermeasure to fatigue by fewer drivers than might be desired. Those who do use napping as a fatigue countermeasure believe it is very helpful. Sleep requirements may be underestimated by many drivers. About 25 percent of the respondents believe that 5 to 6 hr of sleep per night is enough to maintain alertness. Circadian rhythm effects are not fully understood by the respondents, especially effects on mood and performance efficiency. Caffeine and its effects on the body are misunderstood by many drivers. A fairly large proportion of respondents appear unaware of the limitations on caffeine’s stimulant effects and of possible side effects of caffeine overuse. Melatonin, a hormone, may be another substance the drivers need to know more about. Many drivers did not respond to the item on melatonin safety, and many others responded incorrectly.

scholarly journals Multiplex Soluble Biomarker Analysis from Pleural Effusion

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Joman Javadi ◽  
Katalin Dobra ◽  
Anders Hjerpe
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Biomarker Analysis ◽  
Angiopoietin 1

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive and therapy resistant pleural malignancy that is caused by asbestos exposure. MPM is associated with poor prognosis and a short patient survival. The survival time is strongly influenced by the subtype of the tumor. Dyspnea and accumulation of pleural effusion in the pleural cavity are common symptoms of MPM. The diagnostic distinction from other malignancies and reactive conditions is done using histopathology or cytopathology, always supported by immunohistochemistry, and sometimes also by analyses of soluble biomarkers in effusion supernatant. We evaluated the soluble angiogenesis related molecules as possible prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for MPM by Luminex multiplex assay. Pleural effusion from 42 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), 36 patients with adenocarcinoma (AD) and 40 benign (BE) effusions were analyzed for 10 different analytes that, in previous studies, were associated with angiogenesis, consisting of Angiopoietin-1, HGF, MMP-7, Osteopontin, TIMP-1, Galectin, Mesothelin, NRG1-b1, Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) and VEGF by a Human Premixed Multi-Analyte Luminex kit. We found that shed SDC-1 and MMP-7 levels were significantly lower, whereas Mesothelin and Galectin-1 levels were significantly higher in malignant mesothelioma effusions, compared to adenocarcinoma. Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1, NRG1-β1, VEGF and TIMP-1 were significantly higher in malignant pleural mesothelioma effusions compared to benign samples. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between Mesothelin and shed SDC-1 and positive correlation between VEGF, Angiopoietin-1 and shed SDC-1 level in the pleural effusion from malignant cases. Shed SDC-1 and VEGF have a prognostic value in malignant mesothelioma patients. Collectively, our data suggest that MMP-7, shed SDC-1, Mesothelin and Galectin-1 can be diagnostic and VEGF and SDC-1 prognostic markers in MPM patients. Additionally, Galectin-1, HGF, Mesothelin, MMP-7, Osteopontin, shed SDC-1 and TIMP-1 can be diagnostic for malignant cases.

Risk Factors for Short-term Complications After Rotator Cuff Repair in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1158-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Schairer ◽  
Benedict U. Nwachukwu ◽  
Michael C. Fu ◽  
Russell F. Warren
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Rotator Cuff Repair ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cuff Repair

Symptomatic Cerebral Metastases In Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Rare Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S21-S21
Author(s):  
N C Jadhav ◽  
O Krasnozhen-Ratush ◽  
R Hicks ◽  
R Schapiro
Keyword(s):  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein ◽  
Stereotactic Radiation ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm

Abstract Casestudy: Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumor with dismal prognosis. Incidence in the United States is approximately 3300 cases/year, and the most common site is the pleura. Although mesothelioma is usually a locally invasive tumor, distant metastases to liver, adrenal glands, kidney and contralateral lung have been described. Brain metastases are observed in less than 3% of metastatic cases and most have been detected incidentally at autopsy. Symptomatic brain metastases are unusual. We describe a case of a 77 year old gentleman with history of occupational asbestos exposure who presented with shortness of breath and dry cough. The radiological investigations revealed left pleural thickening with pleural effusion, which on biopsy proved to be biphasic malignant mesothelioma. Despite multi-modality therapy, the patient showed local disease progression. Following 37 months of initial diagnosis, he developed progressive left-sided weakness. Brain MRI revealed a 1.7 cm enhancing mass involving right posterior frontal lobe, with extensive edema in the surrounding tissue. On biopsy, mass was composed of nests and sheets of round-to-spindled cells with scant eosinophilic cytoplasm, separated by fibrous septa. Brisk mitotic activity and necrosis were present. There was a sharp border with adjacent brain parenchyma. The tumor was positive for WT-1, calretinin, and cytokeratins and negative for Ber-Ep4 and glial fibrillary acid protein by immunohistochemistry. The histological appearance of the tumor was similar to that of the pleural biopsy. Thus a diagnosis of metastatic malignant mesothelioma was made. This solitary metastasis was treated with resection and post-operative stereotactic radiation. The 3-month follow-up brain MRI revealed nodular enhancement within the cavity with multiple supra- and infra-tentorial enhancing lesions, and leptomeningeal enhancement, most consistent with progressing metastatic disease. With the advancements in treatment options that has improved survival in malignant mesothelioma patients, the pathologist and neurosurgeon should be aware of the diagnostic possibility intra-operatively which may alter the management.

scholarly journals Targeting Calcium Signalling in Malignant Mesothelioma

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1839
Author(s):  
Simona Martinotti ◽  
Mauro Patrone ◽  
Francesco Moccia ◽  
Elia Ranzato
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Calcium Signalling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Development ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Aggressive Cancer ◽  
Ca2 Channels

Calcium ions (Ca2+) are central in cancer development and growth, serving as a major signaling system determining the cell’s fate. Therefore, the investigation of the functional roles of ion channels in cancer development may identify novel approaches for determining tumor prognosis. Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer that develops from the serosal surface of the body, strictly related to asbestos exposure. The treatment of malignant mesothelioma is complex and the survival outcomes, rather than the overall survival data are, to date, disappointedly daunting. Nevertheless, conventional chemotherapy is almost ineffective. The alteration in the expression and/or activity of Ca2+ permeable ion channels seems to be characteristic of mesothelioma cells. In this review, we explore the involvement of the Ca2+toolkit in this disease. Moreover, the established sensitivity of some Ca2+channels to selective pharmacological modulators makes them interesting targets for mesothelioma cancer therapy.

scholarly journals A case from India of pleural malignant mesothelioma probably due to domestic and environmental asbestos exposure: a posthumous report

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. e227882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkiteswaran Muralidhar ◽  
Pankaja Raghav ◽  
Prianka Das ◽  
Akhil Goel
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
The West ◽  
Living Quarter ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Close Family

India is the largest consumer of asbestos in the world. There is no report from India of mesothelioma related to asbestos. The case is a 42-year-old man who died of pleural mesothelioma. He was exposed to asbestos domestically and from the environment since birth. Two of his close family members worked in a factory that used asbestos. The living quarter of the family was within the premises of the factory. Asbestos waste was strewn on the grounds surrounding the quarters. After decades of legal battles by workers and families exposed to asbestos, Indian courts have ordered remedial measures and compensation to people, who are exposed to asbestos at work and the environment. Mesothelioma, currently in epidemic proportions in the west where asbestos production was banned in the 1990s, could rise to alarming levels in the next decades in India if the legal remedial measures are not implemented soon.

scholarly journals Identification of Malignant Mesothelioma Risk Factors through Association Rule Mining

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talha Mahboob Alam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Association Rules ◽  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Rule Mining ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Irrelevant Attributes

Malignant mesothelioma is a rare proliferative cancer that develops in the thin layer of tissues surrounding the lungs. Malignant mesothelioma is associated with an extremely poor prognosis and the majority of patients do not show symptoms. The epidemiology of mesothelioma is important for the identification of disease. The primary aim of this study is to explore the risk factors associated with mesothelioma. The dataset consists of healthy and mesothelioma patients but only mesothelioma patients were selected for the identification of symptoms. The raw data set has been pre-processed and then the Apriori method was utilized for association rules with various configurations. The pre-processing task involved the removal of duplicated and irrelevant attributes, balanced the dataset, numerical to the nominal conversion of attributes in the dataset and creating the association rules in the dataset. Strong associations of disease’s factors; asbestos exposure, duration of asbestos exposure, duration of symptoms, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and Pleural to serum LDH ratio determined via Apriori algorithm. The identification of risk factors associated with mesothelioma may prevent patients from going into the high danger of the disease. This will also help to control the comorbidities associated with mesothelioma which are cardiovascular diseases, cancer-related emotional distress, diabetes, anemia, and hypothyroidism.

How Litigation Can Promote Product Safety

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon S. Vernick ◽  
Jason W. Sapsin ◽  
Stephen P. Teret ◽  
Julie Samia Mair
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
And Control

For at least the past three decades, injuries have been recognized as an important public health problem in the United States. In 2001, there were approximately 157,000 deaths due to injuries in the US. There were also almost 30 million non-fatal injury incidents.Injuries have been defined as: “…any unintentional or intentional damage to the body resulting from acute exposure to thermal, mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy or from the absence of such essentials as heat or oxygen”. Within public health, the field of injury prevention and control is dedicated to reducing the burden of injuries on the lives of people around the world.Injury prevention seeks to reduce injuries by: 1) identifying risk factors, 2) designing interventions to address the risk factors, 3) implementing those interventions, 4) evaluating their effectiveness, and 5) replicating those that work. As with many other public health problems, interventions can target factors associated with the human or host, vehicle or vector, and the physical or social environment.

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