Accuracy of the 2017 international recommendations for clinicians who interpret adolescent athletes’ ECGs: a cohort study of 11 168 British white and black soccer players

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneil Malhotra ◽  
Harshil Dhutia ◽  
Tee-Joo Yeo ◽  
Gherardo Finocchiaro ◽  
Sabiha Gati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soccer Players ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Black Adolescent ◽  
White Athletes ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
Ecg Criteria ◽  
Ecg Interpretation

AimTo investigate the accuracy of the recently published international recommendations for ECG interpretation in young athletes in a large cohort of white and black adolescent soccer players.Methods11 168 soccer players (mean age 16.4±1.2 years) were evaluated with a health questionnaire, ECG and echocardiogram; 10 581 (95%) of the players were male and 10 163 (91%) were white. ECGs were retrospectively analysed according to (1) the 2010 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommendations, (2) Seattle criteria, (3) refined criteria and (4) the international recommendations for ECG interpretation in young athletes.ResultsThe ESC recommendations resulted in a higher number of abnormal ECGs compared with the Seattle, refined and international criteria (13.2%, 4.3%, 2.9% and 1.8%, respectively). All four criteria were associated with a higher prevalence of abnormal ECGs in black athletes compared with white athletes (ESC: 16.2% vs 12.9%; Seattle: 5.9% vs 4.2%; refined: 3.8% vs 2.8%; international 3.6% vs 1.6%; p<0.001 each). Compared with ESC recommendations, the Seattle, refined and international criteria identified a lower number of abnormal ECGs—by 67%, 78% and 86%, respectively. All four criteria identified 36 (86%) of 42 athletes with serious cardiac pathology. Compared with ESC recommendations, the Seattle criteria improved specificity from 87% to 96% in white athletes and 84% to 94% in black athletes. The international recommendations demonstrated the highest specificity for white (99%) and black (97%) athletes and a sensitivity of 86%.ConclusionsThe 2017 international recommendations for ECG interpretation in young athletes can be applied to adolescent athletes to detect serious cardiac disease. These recommendations perform more effectively than previous ECG criteria in both white and black adolescent soccer players.

scholarly journals Exploring the outcomes and experiences of Black and White athletes following a sport-related concussion: a retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Yengo-Kahn ◽  
Jessica Wallace ◽  
Viviana Jimenez ◽  
Douglas J. Totten ◽  
Christopher M. Bonfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Return To School ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
White Athletes

OBJECTIVE Young American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races; however, it is unknown how race may influence the experience and outcome of SRC. The authors’ objective was to compare White and Black athletes’ recovery and subjective experiences after SRC. METHODS A retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sports Concussion registry. Self-reported White and Black young athletes (ages 12–23 years) who had been treated for SRC between 2012 and 2015 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data were collected by electronic medical record review and phone calls to athletes and parents or guardians. The primary outcomes were as follows: 1) days to symptom resolution (SR), 2) days to return to school, and changes in 3) any daily activity (binary) and 4) sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes (more, unchanged, or less) in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, and television time, as well as equipment (binary) or playing style (more reckless, unchanged, or less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and logistic regression were performed. RESULTS The final cohort included 247 student-athletes (36 Black, 211 White). Black athletes were male (78% vs 58%) more often than White athletes, but both races were similar in age, sport, and medical/family histories. Black athletes more frequently had public insurance (33.3% vs 5.7%) and lived in areas with a low median income (41.2% vs 26.6%). After adjusting for age, sex, concussion history, insurance status, and zip code median income, Black athletes reached an asymptomatic status (HR 1.497, 95% CI 1.014–2.209, p = 0.042) and returned to school earlier (HR 1.522, 95% CI 1.020–2.270, p = 0.040). Black athletes were less likely to report a change in any daily activity than White athletes (OR 0.368, 95% CI 0.136–0.996, p = 0.049). Changes in sport behavior were comparable between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Racial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached SR and return to school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.

82 Pre-participation Screening of Adolescent Athletes: A Comparison of European Society of Cardiology, Seattle and Refined ECG Criteria- which is Best?

Heart ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. A45.1-A45
Author(s):  
Aneil Malhotra ◽  
Mike Walker ◽  
Harshil Dhutia ◽  
Rajay Narain ◽  
Ahmed Merghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology ◽  
Ecg Criteria

Adolescent athletes and nutrition – analysis of two groups of children

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tatyana Dzimbova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
The Right

Introduction. Proper nutrition is crucial for child and adolescent athletes to maintain growth and development and to achieveoptimal results in sports. It is very important to balance the energy expenditure with the energy intake in order to prevent the energy deficit or excess.Materials and methods. Subjects involved in two different sports participated in the study: 13 gymnasts (age 13.8 ± 4.1 years, height 153.4 ± 11.3 cm, weight 47.1 ± 10.5 kg) and 15 basketball players (age 15.5 ± 1.1 years, height 176.7 ± 7.9 cm, weight 65.2 ± 10.7 kg). Determination of total energy expenditure was made by prediction equations. The subjects maintained a food records for 5 consecutive days, which were processed in the ASA24 system of the NCI. Results and discussion. Energy intake in both groups is sufficient to meet the daily needs, development of young athletes andprovide the energy needed in training. The intake of three minerals (calcium, magnesium and potassium) and three vitamins (D, E and A) was lower than recommended values in both groups.Conclusion. As a result of the busy schedule of adolescent athletes, their main meals are out of home, and the proportion of highly processed foods containing small amounts of important vitamins and minerals is high. The main recommendations include dairy products, fruits, vegetables and whole grains. The idea behind the changes is to give young athletes the right diet and the right eating habits.

scholarly journals Comparison of symptomatic spondylolysis in young soccer and baseball players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Yokoe ◽  
Takuya Tajima ◽  
Hiroshi Sugimura ◽  
Shinichirou Kubo ◽  
Shotarou Nozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Lumbar Level ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Dominant Side

Abstract Background: Spondylolysis is a main cause of low back pain (LBP) in young athletes. There are few studies analyzing the difference of spondylolysis among young athletes with different sports activity. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical factors and distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in young soccer and baseball players with symptomatic spondylolysis.Methods: The medical records of 267 young athletes aged 7 to 18 years old who underwent MRI to evaluate the cause of LBP between 2017 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with spondylolysis. Of the young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis, clinical factors and MRI findings in soccer and baseball players were retrospectively evaluated. The clinical factors were age, sex, interval from onset of LBP to MRI, and side of the dominant leg in the sports field. MRI findings included number, lumbar level, and side of the lesions. Results: A total of 33 soccer players (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.4 years) and 49 baseball players (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.6 years) with symptomatic spondylolysis were enrolled. All patients were male. No significant differences were noted in age and the interval from onset of LBP to MRI between the groups. Soccer players had greater numbers of multiple (p < 0.001) and bilateral (p < 0.001) lesions than baseball players. The dominant side of the hand for pitching or batting was correlated with the contralateral-side lesions in baseball players (p = 0.001).Conclusions: The distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis differed in young soccer and baseball players. Pitching or batting with the dominant-side hand would be associated with contralateral-side lesions in baseball players. Sports-specific movements and the side of the dominant leg should be considered when treating young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis.

scholarly journals Comparison of Symptomatic Spondylolysis in Young Soccer and Baseball Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Yokoe ◽  
Takuya Tajima ◽  
Hiroshi Sugimura ◽  
Shinichirou Kubo ◽  
Shotarou Nozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Lumbar Level ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Dominant Side

Abstract Background: Spondylolysis is a main cause of low back pain (LBP) in young athletes. There are few studies analyzing the difference of spondylolysis among young athletes with different sports activity. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical factors and distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in young soccer and baseball players with symptomatic spondylolysis.Methods: The medical records of 178 young athletes aged 7 to 18 years old who underwent MRI to evaluate the cause of LBP between 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with spondylolysis. Of the young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis, clinical factors and MRI findings in soccer and baseball players were retrospectively evaluated. The clinical factors were age, sex, interval from onset of LBP to MRI, and side of the dominant leg in the sports field. MRI findings included number, lumbar level, and side of the lesions. Results: A total of 21 soccer players (mean age, 15.2 ± 1.4 years) and 38 baseball players (mean age, 15.1 ± 1.7 years) with symptomatic spondylolysis were enrolled. All patients were male. No significant differences were noted in age and the interval from onset of LBP to MRI between the groups. Soccer players had greater numbers of multiple (p = 0.005) and bilateral (p = 0.004) lesions than baseball players. The dominant side of the hand for pitching or batting was correlated with the contralateral-side lesions in baseball players (p = 0.01).Conclusions: The distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis differed in young soccer and baseball players. Pitching or batting with the dominant-side hand would be associated with contralateral-side lesions in baseball players. Sports-specific movements and the side of the dominant leg should be considered when treating young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis.

scholarly journals The Perspectives of Amateur Soccer Players and their Coaches on the Use of Performance Enhancing Substances

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Thanujj Kisten ◽  
Rowena Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Performance Enhancing Substances ◽  
Performance Enhancing

Adolescent and youth sports seem to have progressively developed in South Africa to the point where young athletes are considering doping and the use of performance-enhancing substances (PES). This study determined the perspectives of U-19 soccer players and their coaches in the eThekwini region, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, on the use of supplements and drugs. Male participants (n = 449) playing first team soccer from development clubs in the eThekwini region, and their respective coaches (n = 30), volunteered to participate in this study. A questionnaire was administered to players and coaches were interviewed. Soccer players and their coaches believed that consuming prohibited substances in sport was unethical. The majority of the players (73.9% either agreed or strongly agreed) and coaches believed that doping in soccer is on the increase. About a quarter of the players consumed nutritional supplements and smoked cannabis. Anti-doping educational programmes and behaviour change interventions are vital in order to educate and transform athletes&rsquo; and coaches&rsquo; perspectives on doping and PES, and their resultant behaviour.

scholarly journals Upper respiratory symptoms (URS) and salivary responses across a season in youth soccer players: A useful and non-invasive approach associated to URS susceptibility and occurrence in young athletes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0236669
Author(s):  
Renata Fiedler Lopes ◽  
Luciele Guerra Minuzzi ◽  
António José Figueiredo ◽  
Carlos Gonçalves ◽  
Antonio Tessitore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Upper Respiratory Symptoms

scholarly journals INCREASED HOURS OF TRAINING PER WEEK IS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED SLEEP IN PEDIATRIC & ADOLESCENT ATHLETES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Milewski ◽  
Caitlin M. McCracken ◽  
Bill Meehan ◽  
Andrea Stracciolini
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Sport Training ◽  
And Training

BACKGROUND Sleep duration and sport specialization have been shown to affect injury profile in young athletes. The interplay between training hours per week, and, multiple versus single sports participation on sleep hours in young athletes is unknown. Purpose/Objective To investigate associations between single sport participation and training volume, with sleep hours, in pediatric and adolescent athletes. METHODS Study design: Cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted using electronic questionnaire data from an injury prevention evaluation (IPE) at a sports injury prevention center affiliated with a tertiary level pediatric medical center between April 2013 and February 2018. Data analysis included sports participation, previous injury history, training regimen, and sleeping habits. For each sport selected, athletes were asked about average number of practice hours for each sport and number of seasons training for the sport during the year. All athletes aged 11-18 years were included in the study. Main outcome measures include sleep duration, single sport, and training hours/seasons. Single sport athletes were defined as those athletes who listed participation in only one sport year-round. Binary measures were created to indicate 1)any participant that listed practicing > 10 hour/week for any sport during a season and 2) any participant that trains three or more seasons for any sport in which they participate. Multivariate regression models (M1, M2, M3) were created for soccer athletes to control for sport training differences while testing the independent effect of gender, age and sport training. Based on the results univariate linear regression of hours of sleep was stratified by age and gender and regressed by self-reported hours of practice per week, identification as single sport athlete, training three or more seasons for soccer. RESULTS There were 756 athletes, 11-18 years old, included (mean age 13.5±2.5 years; 56% female (N=426)). For female athletes, figure skating (46%, 11/24), dance (42%, 28/67), and gymnastics (25%, 12/47) lead the list for single sport athletes. In comparison, for male athletes, swimming (26%, 5/19), tennis (19%, 5/26) and soccer (13%, 16/120) lead the list. The overwhelming majority of gymnasts, dancers, and figure skaters (88% (38/43), 83% (54/66) and 83%, (20/24)) train = 3 seasons of the year. In comparison, for male athletes, tennis athletes (62%, 16/25) seem to train = 3 seasons of the year followed by soccer (41%, 49/119) and swimming (39%, 7/18). (Tables 1 and 2) Table 3 presents multivariate linear regression coefficient of weeknight hours slept by practice hours, gender, age and sport characteristics for soccer participants using three different models (M1, M2, M3). Younger athletes, ages 11-14 years, slept nearly an hour more than participants aged 15-18 years across all training types. Only female soccer athletes training = 3 seasons slept significantly less (ß -0.24, SE 0.12, 95%) than their male counterparts. Participants that practiced soccer > 10 hours/week slept significantly, and substantively, less than their peers practicing =3 or less hours/week (ß -0.61, SE 0.17, 95%). Table 4 presents all participants and sport type stratified by age and sex. Practicing more than 10 hours/week was significant in males ages 11-14 years. Middle school aged males, practicing > 10 hours/week for any sport in which they participate over the course of the year, slept over half an hour less than their peers that practiced fewer hours (ß -0.65, SE 0.2, 95%). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Training volume appears to affect sleep in young athletes. Middle school male athletes practicing greater than 10 hours/week appear to sleep less than their peers. Anticipatory guidance surrounding training may help to improve sleep hygiene in pediatric and adolescent athletes. [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]

Race of Athlete-Spokesperson and Implicit and Explicit Responses to Advertising

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howon Jeong ◽  
Sungho Cho ◽  
Minyoung Lee ◽  
Endarman Sputra
Keyword(s):  
Racial Bias ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Black Athlete ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Implicit Preferences ◽  
White Athletes ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures

In this study we investigated racial vs. athletes from other countries, bias and differences in attitude of South Koreans toward advertisements featuring Korean vs. foreign athletes and White vs. Black athletes by implementing explicit and implicit measures. The results suggest that Koreans have: (a) implicit preferences for Korean athletes over foreign athletes, (b) implicit attitudes that are more favorable toward advertisements featuring Korean athletes than toward those featuring foreign athlete-spokespersons, (c) implicit preferences for White athletes over Black athletes, and (d) implicit attitudes that are more favorable toward advertisements featuring White athlete-spokespersons than toward those featuring Black athlete-spokespersons. The explicit measures revealed several contradictory results; therefore we have discussed implications for the discrepancy between implicit and explicit measurement methods and the usefulness of implicit measures in the context of racial bias research.

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