Comparison of Symptomatic Spondylolysis in Young Soccer and Baseball Players

Abstract Background: Spondylolysis is a main cause of low back pain (LBP) in young athletes. There are few studies analyzing the difference of spondylolysis among young athletes with different sports activity. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical factors and distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in young soccer and baseball players with symptomatic spondylolysis.Methods: The medical records of 178 young athletes aged 7 to 18 years old who underwent MRI to evaluate the cause of LBP between 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with spondylolysis. Of the young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis, clinical factors and MRI findings in soccer and baseball players were retrospectively evaluated. The clinical factors were age, sex, interval from onset of LBP to MRI, and side of the dominant leg in the sports field. MRI findings included number, lumbar level, and side of the lesions. Results: A total of 21 soccer players (mean age, 15.2 ± 1.4 years) and 38 baseball players (mean age, 15.1 ± 1.7 years) with symptomatic spondylolysis were enrolled. All patients were male. No significant differences were noted in age and the interval from onset of LBP to MRI between the groups. Soccer players had greater numbers of multiple (p = 0.005) and bilateral (p = 0.004) lesions than baseball players. The dominant side of the hand for pitching or batting was correlated with the contralateral-side lesions in baseball players (p = 0.01).Conclusions: The distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis differed in young soccer and baseball players. Pitching or batting with the dominant-side hand would be associated with contralateral-side lesions in baseball players. Sports-specific movements and the side of the dominant leg should be considered when treating young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis.

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Comparison of symptomatic spondylolysis in young soccer and baseball players

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34945/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Takuji Yokoe ◽

Takuya Tajima ◽

Hiroshi Sugimura ◽

Shinichirou Kubo ◽

Shotarou Nozaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contralateral Side ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Sports Activity ◽

Baseball Players ◽

Lumbar Level ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Dominant Side

Abstract Background: Spondylolysis is a main cause of low back pain (LBP) in young athletes. There are few studies analyzing the difference of spondylolysis among young athletes with different sports activity. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical factors and distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in young soccer and baseball players with symptomatic spondylolysis.Methods: The medical records of 267 young athletes aged 7 to 18 years old who underwent MRI to evaluate the cause of LBP between 2017 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with spondylolysis. Of the young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis, clinical factors and MRI findings in soccer and baseball players were retrospectively evaluated. The clinical factors were age, sex, interval from onset of LBP to MRI, and side of the dominant leg in the sports field. MRI findings included number, lumbar level, and side of the lesions. Results: A total of 33 soccer players (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.4 years) and 49 baseball players (mean age, 15.4 ± 1.6 years) with symptomatic spondylolysis were enrolled. All patients were male. No significant differences were noted in age and the interval from onset of LBP to MRI between the groups. Soccer players had greater numbers of multiple (p < 0.001) and bilateral (p < 0.001) lesions than baseball players. The dominant side of the hand for pitching or batting was correlated with the contralateral-side lesions in baseball players (p = 0.001).Conclusions: The distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis differed in young soccer and baseball players. Pitching or batting with the dominant-side hand would be associated with contralateral-side lesions in baseball players. Sports-specific movements and the side of the dominant leg should be considered when treating young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis.

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Factors Associated With Knee Pain and Heel Pain in Youth Soccer Players Aged 8 to 12 Years

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967119883370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 232596711988337 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Toshiyuki Iwame ◽

Tetsuya Matsuura ◽

Naoto Suzue ◽

Joji Iwase ◽

Hirokazu Uemura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Pain ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Heel Pain ◽

Older Age ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Youth Soccer ◽

Study Participants

Background: Soccer is played by many children younger than 12 years. Despite its health benefits, soccer has also been linked to a high number of sport-related injuries. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between clinical factors and knee or heel pain in youth soccer players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Study participants included 602 soccer players aged 8 to 12 years who were asked whether they had experienced episodes of knee or heel pain. Data were collected on age, body mass index, years of playing soccer, playing position, and training hours per week. Associations of clinical factors with the prevalence of knee or heel pain were examined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Episodes of knee and heel pain were reported by 29.4% and 31.1% of players, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that older age and more years of playing soccer were significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of knee pain ( P = .037 and P = .015 for trend, respectively) but did not identify any significant associations for heel pain. Conclusion: In this study of youth soccer players, knee pain was associated with older age and more years of play, but heel pain was not significantly associated with any factor.

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Stress-Distribution Pattern Across the Glenohumeral Joint in Collegiate and Professional Baseball Players: A Computed Tomography Osteoabsorptiometry Study

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/23259671211009185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 232596712110091

Author(s):

Kyosuke Numaguchi ◽

Daisuke Momma ◽

Yuki Matsui ◽

Masashi Yokota ◽

Jun Oohinata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Stress Distribution ◽

Glenohumeral Joint ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Joint Surface ◽

Baseball Players ◽

Articular Surfaces ◽

Head Surface ◽

The Mean ◽

Dominant Side

Background: The influence of long-term loading conditions on the articular surfaces of the glenohumeral joint can be determined by measuring stress-distribution patterns. Long-term pitching activity changes the stress distribution across the glenohumeral joint surface; however, the influence of competitive level on stress-distribution patterns remains unclear. Purpose: To use computed tomography (CT) osteoabsorptiometry (CTOAM) to evaluate the distribution of subchondral bone density across the glenohumeral joint in collegiate and professional baseball players as well as to determine the effects of pitching activity on the articular surfaces. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: We evaluated 73 shoulders in 50 baseball players. CT imaging data were obtained from the dominant-side shoulder of 12 professional pitchers (PP group) and 15 professional fielders (PF group). CT imaging data were also obtained from both shoulders of 12 asymptomatic collegiate pitchers (CP group) and 11 collegiate fielders (CF group). The pattern of distribution of subchondral bone density across the articular surfaces of each glenohumeral joint was assessed by CTOAM. As a measure of bone density, the mean Hounsfield units (HU) were obtained for each joint surface, and the absolute values of the dominant shoulder were compared for each group. Results: Stress-distribution patterns over the articular surfaces differed between the dominant and nondominant sides in the CP group as well as between both collegiate groups versus the PP group. In the CP group, the mean HU of the humeral head surface were greater on the nondominant versus dominant side ( P = .035). On the dominant side, the mean HU of the humeral head surface and glenoid were greater in the CP versus the PP group ( P = .001 and .027, respectively). Conclusion: Stress distribution on the articular surface of the glenohumeral joint was affected by pitching ability and competitive level. Our analysis indicates that the traction force on the glenohumeral joint surface might be greater than compression force during pitching. Clinical Relevance: The present findings suggest that pitching activity results in low stress to the articular surfaces of the glenohumeral joint. This supports the notion that mechanical conditions play a crucial role in the etiology of disorders specific to pitching activity.

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An update on the grading of muscle injuries: a narrative review from clinical to comprehensive systems

Joints ◽

10.11138/jts/2016.4.1.039 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 04 (01) ◽

pp. 039-046 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Alberto Grassi ◽

Alberto Quaglia ◽

Gian Canata ◽

Stefano Zaffagnini

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Value ◽

Muscle Injury ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Muscle Injuries ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Comprehensive Classification

Muscle injuries are recognized to be among the most frequent injuries occurring in the sporting and athletic population, and they account for more than 30% of all injuries in professional soccer players. Despite their considerable frequency and impact, there is still a lack of uniformity in the categorization, description and grading of muscle injuries.Dozens of systems based on clinical signs, ultrasound imaging (US) appearance or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings have been proposed over the years. Most of them are three-grade systems that take into account pain, ROM limitation, swelling and hematoma, hypoechoic or hyperintense areas on US or MRI, and muscle gap or tendon involvement; however, they still lack evidence-based prognostic value. Recently, new comprehensive classification systems have been proposed, with the aim of developing uniform muscle injury terminology and giving each severity grade prognostic value.The systems that combine detailed MRI and US features with the clinical presentation, such as the Munich Muscle Injury Classification, the ISMuLT classification, and the British Athletic Classification, if used extensively, could improve the diagnosis, prognosis and management of muscle injuries.

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The Perspectives of Amateur Soccer Players and their Coaches on the Use of Performance Enhancing Substances

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v11n7p154 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 154

Author(s):

Thanujj Kisten ◽

Rowena Naidoo

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Youth Sports ◽

Nutritional Supplements ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Kwazulu Natal ◽

Educational Programmes ◽

Performance Enhancing Substances ◽

Performance Enhancing

Adolescent and youth sports seem to have progressively developed in South Africa to the point where young athletes are considering doping and the use of performance-enhancing substances (PES). This study determined the perspectives of U-19 soccer players and their coaches in the eThekwini region, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, on the use of supplements and drugs. Male participants (n = 449) playing first team soccer from development clubs in the eThekwini region, and their respective coaches (n = 30), volunteered to participate in this study. A questionnaire was administered to players and coaches were interviewed. Soccer players and their coaches believed that consuming prohibited substances in sport was unethical. The majority of the players (73.9% either agreed or strongly agreed) and coaches believed that doping in soccer is on the increase. About a quarter of the players consumed nutritional supplements and smoked cannabis. Anti-doping educational programmes and behaviour change interventions are vital in order to educate and transform athletes’ and coaches’ perspectives on doping and PES, and their resultant behaviour.

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Autologous Tenocyte Implantation (ATI) and the Use of Collagen Scaffolds: a Case Report of a Novel Surgical Treatment for Gluteal Tendon Repair

International Journal of Case Reports ◽

10.28933/ijcr-2020-12-2605 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 194

Author(s):

◽

Keyword(s):

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Tendon Repair ◽

Tendon Healing ◽

Collagen Scaffold ◽

Gluteus Medius ◽

Normal Function ◽

Collagen Scaffolds ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Mri Scans

Background: Ortho-biological therapies such as platelet-rich plasma and autologous tenocyte implantation injections are hypothesized to introduce cellular mediators such as growth factors into tendons, promoting natural healing. Methods: This case introduces a 63-year-old female with an extensive history of lateral hip pain and treatment refractory tendinopathy with tearing. She underwent open surgery to repair the gluteus medius tendon, using supplementary autologous tenocyte implantation (ATI) in conjunction with a Celgro (Orthocell, Perth, Australia) collagen scaffold. Level of evidence: 4 Results: She had normal function in the hip at 12 months. MRI scans post-operatively at 12 months showed a marked reduction in inflammation, an intact tendon and a reduction in atrophic changes in the muscle belly. Conclusion: Surgical repair of a large degenerate tear of the gluteus medius tendon, augmented with autologous tenocyte implantation in a collagen scaffold led to an excellent patient outcome and MRI findings demonstrated tendon healing with improved tendon structure and reduced inflammation.

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Repair of Pars Interarticularis Defect by Segmental Wire Fixation in Young Athletes with Spondylolysis

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/03635465030310030601 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 359-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Satoshi Nozawa ◽

Katsuji Shimizu ◽

Kei Miyamoto ◽

Mizuo Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Japanese Orthopaedic Association ◽

Japanese Orthopaedic Association Score ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Sports Activity ◽

Association Score ◽

Lumbar Spondylolysis ◽

Pars Interarticularis ◽

Wire Fixation ◽

Sports Activities

Background Although segmental wire fixation has been successful in the treatment of nonathletes with spondylolysis, no information exists on the results of this type of surgery in athletes. Purpose To evaluate the outcome of surgical repair of pars interarticularis defect by segmental wire fixation in young athletes with lumbar spondylolysis. Methods Between 1993 and 2000, 20 athletes (6 women and 14 men; average age, 23.7) with lumbar spondylolysis were treated surgically with this technique. They were actively engaged in sports such as baseball, tennis, and golf. Nineteen athletes had one level of spondylolysis and one athlete had two levels. The level of spondylolysis was L4 in 2 athletes and L5 in 19. The average follow-up period was 3.5 years (range, 1.3 to 8.6). Surgical outcome was evaluated by radiographic examination, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, preoperative and postoperative sports activity levels and intensities, and the presence of complications. Results Bony fusion at the site of spondylolysis was obtained in all cases, and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was increased significantly after surgery (preoperatively, 21.2 ± 3.9; postoperatively, maximum 27.7 ± 1.0; recovery rate, 80.4%). All of the patients returned to their sports activities, although at varying degrees. No severe complications were noted. Conclusion We recommend this technique in cases of lumbar spondylolysis in athletes who hope to resume their sports activities.

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Abstract WMP102: Prevalence and Natural History of Superficial Siderosis: A Population-based Study

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.48.suppl_1.wmp102 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Michael Pichler ◽

Kelly Flemming ◽

Alejandro Rabinstein ◽

Robert Brown ◽

Kejal Kantarci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Based ◽

Superficial Siderosis ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Mri Scans ◽

History Of ◽

Lobar Hemorrhage ◽

General Elderly Population ◽

Cortical Superficial Siderosis

Introduction: Cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) refers to deposition of blood breakdown products along the cerebral cortex, causing characteristic staining patterns seen with iron-sensitive MRI techniques. Cortical superficial siderosis is a relatively rare disorder, but has been linked to cerebral amyloid angiopathy and Alzheimer’s disease. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and natural history of cSS in the general elderly population. Methods: MRI scans from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA), an ongoing population-based study of elderly residents in Olmsted County, Minnesota, were reviewed by neuroradiologists. Participants with cSS were identified based on linear pattern of hypointensity on gradient recalled echo imaging consistent with cSS. Exclusion criteria were: 1) MRI findings not consistent with cSS or 2) alternative explanation for MRI findings (such as aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial surgery, or trauma). Additional data abstracted included extent of cSS, presence of cerebral microbleeds, and clinical outcome. Results: Eleven out of 1,441 participants had MRI scans showing cSS (0.8%). When stratified by age, the frequency was 0.4% in those 50 to 70 years old and 1.1% in those over 70 years old. Six participants had only focal involvement of cSS (restricted to three or fewer sulci) and five had disseminated involvement (affecting more than three sulci). Microbleeds were seen in four of five (80%) participants with disseminated cSS, but none with focal cSS. Five participants (2 focal, 3 disseminated cSS) had follow up MRI scans, with an average follow up of 25 months. There was no further hemorrhage in those with focal cSS. However, all three participants with disseminated cSS experienced additional hemorrhage: one with new microbleeds, one with new microbleeds and lobar hemorrhage, and one with sulcal subarachnoid hemorrhage and lobar hemorrhage. Conclusion: Although rare, cSS may be encountered in the general elderly population. Extent of involvement of cSS and concomitant microbleeds may be important risk factors for progression of disease and intracerebral hemorrhage. The clinical significance of focal cSS occurring in the absence of microbleeds requires further investigation.

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Quality of life and clinical results after endovascular sclerotherapy: A comparison between intra- and extramuscular low-flow venous malformations

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1177/0268355520962920 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 026835552096292

Author(s):

Annamaria Weitz-Tuoretmaa ◽

Leo Keski-Nisula ◽

Riitta Rautio ◽

Jussi Laranne

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Clinical Results ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Low Flow ◽

Subjective Symptoms ◽

Venous Malformations ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Mri Scans

Background Based on clinical observations we hypothesized that patients with intramuscular venous malformations (VMs) did worse or needed more sclerotherapy sessions than patients with extramuscular VMs. Purpose To evaluate the difference in treatment and quality of life (QOL) results after Polidocanol sclerotherapy of intra- and extramuscular low-flow VMs. Material and methods Forty-one patients with a VM were treated with Polidocanol in two university hospitals. The results were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and post-treatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were compared. All patients completed a self-evaluating form on symptoms as well as a QOL questionnaire. The results were compared between two groups: intra- and extramuscular VM’s. Results No statistically significant differences between intra- and extramuscular groups concerning QOL and specific dimensions pain, functional problems or cosmetic appearance were found. Radiological changes in MRI examinations did not correlate with any of the subjective symptoms. 56% of the patients benefitted from the treatment according to patient self-evaluation. Conclusion In this material intramuscular VM’s responded to the treatment comparably to extramuscular malformations. Post-treatment MRI findings do not correlate with subjective symptoms or QOL results and thus, a routine post-treatment examination seems to be unwarranted. Subjective symptoms and QOL results are the most important parameters in evaluating the effectiveness of sclerotherapy.

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