scholarly journals 264 Return to play from previous injury within 1 years may be an important risk factors to be considered in order to prevent recurrent injury during major events for young athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjun Kim ◽  
Sejun Kim ◽  
Hee Seong Jeong ◽  
Sae Yong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Recurrent Injury

scholarly journals Preventing the seemingly unpreventable – challenging the return-to-play criteria for recurrent hamstring strain prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
N Craddock ◽  
K Buchholtz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Muscle Action ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Hamstring Injuries ◽  
Hamstring Muscles

   Background: Hamstring strains are one of the most common injuries in sport. Previous injury has been found to be one of the greatest risk factors associated with recurrent hamstring strains. Although rehabilitation programmes have been developed and implemented to aid safe and efficient return-to-play, the incidence of hamstring injuries has not decreased.  Discussion: As hamstring strains most commonly occur during the eccentric phase of muscle action, rehabilitation should focus on eccentric muscle strengthening. The L-protocol and the Nordic Hamstring Exercise protocol strengthen the hamstring muscles eccentrically. They have been found to be effective in decreasing the incidence of new hamstring strains as well as the rate of recurrence. This commentary therefore aims to suggest changes to the return-to-play criteria following hamstring strains to prevent the seemingly unpreventable.

Return-to-Play After Concussion: Clinical Guidelines for Young Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
James A.D. Berry ◽  
Margaret Wacker ◽  
Rosalinda Menoni ◽  
Bailey Zampella ◽  
Gohar Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Young Athletes

scholarly journals Risk Factors and Outcomes of Revision Arthroscopic Posterior Shoulder Capsulolabral Repair in Contact Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0031
Author(s):  
Justin W. Arner ◽  
Sachidhanand Jayakumar ◽  
Dharmesh Vyas ◽  
James P. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Posterior Shoulder

Objectives: Risk factors and outcomes of revision arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repairare currently not well defined in contact athletes.Evaluation of risk factors for contact athletes who require revision arthroscopic posterior unidirectional capsulolabral repair is needed. Methods: A total of 186 contact athletes’ shoulders that underwent arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repair at minimum 2 year follow-up were reviewed. Those who required revision surgery were compared with those who did not. Parameters assessed included age, gender, labral and/or capsular injury, level of sport, and return to sport. Glenoid bone width, bone version, labral width, and labral version were also compared. Results: Eleven shoulders required revision surgery (5.9%) at mean 12.0 year follow-up. The only significant risk factor was glenoid bone width (revision=26.4 mm vs. non-revision=29.1 mm, p=0.005). Cartilage version (p=0.676), labral version (p=0.539), and bone version (p=0.791) were not significantly different between groups, nor was labral width (p=0.751). Gender (p=0.326), labral injury (p=0.349), capsule injury (p=0.683), and level of sport (p=0.381) were not significant factors for requiring revision surgery. Both return to sport at the same level (revision=16.7% vs. non-revision=72.1%, p<0.001) and overall return to sport (revision=50% vs. non-revision=93.7%, p<0.001) was significantly worse in the revision group. Of those who had revision surgery, 33.3% stated their original surgery was not worthwhile, which was significantly higher than the 4.5% in the non-revision group (p=0.041). Conclusion: Contact athletes underwent revision arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repair at an incidence of 5.9% at 12 year follow-up. The only significant risk factor for requiring revision surgery was smaller glenoid bone width. Return to play was significantly worse in those who required revision surgery. This data is essential for patient selection, optimal treatment techniques, and patient education as posterior shoulder capsulolabral repair in contact athletes that require revision has not previously been evaluated.

scholarly journals Influence of Foot Orthotics and Intrinsic Factors on Strain Measurements in the Fifth Metatarsal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0025
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Hoffman ◽  
Rogerio C. Bitar ◽  
Daniel R. Sturnick ◽  
Glenn Garrison ◽  
Constantine A. Demetracopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Lateral Plate ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Zone Ii ◽  
Post Hoc

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Fractures of the fifth metatarsal occur in young, athletic populations and often result in sub-optimal clinical outcomes, even after surgical fixation. With such a high demand for decreased return to play in athletic populations, the development of intervention strategies which mitigate intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors of initial injury is important. Foot orthotics have been shown to decrease strain in the 2nd metatarsal. However, limited research has investigated the influence of intrinsic risk factors and the use of foot orthotics on fifth metatarsal strain. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of foot orthotics and intrinsic risk factors on fifth metatarsal strain during cadaveric simulation. Methods: Ten specimens were loaded to simulate the stance phase of normal gait using a validated 6-degree of freedom robot with tendon actuators. Strain gauges were placed at the metaphyseal - diaphyseal junction (Zone II), and the proximal diaphysis (Zone III) to measure principal strain. Specimens were tested in a sneaker-only control condition and ten orthotic conditions, which include combinations of a commercial orthotic insole, three plates, and two foam wedges (Figure 1A). The average peak strain from three simulations were recorded for each orthotic condition. Relevant intrinsic factors were recorded from reconstructions of axially loaded computed tomography scans. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine the effect of orthotic conditions on fifth metatarsal strains, with significantly correlated intrinsic factors included as covariates. Tukey-Kramer post-hoc analysis with a Bonferroni correction was used to analyze differences between individual orthotic conditions and main effects of components. Results: Metatarsus adductus angle, 4-5 intermetatarsal angle, and Meary’s angle (R2= 0.944; p<0.001) were included as covariates in analysis of Zone III strain. Significant (p<0.05) differences in Zone III strain were found for the both the main effect of a plate and individual orthotic cond itions with statistical adjustment for previously stated intrinsic measurements. However, post- hoc testing revealed no significant differences between non-plate conditions and full plate conditions(p=0.23), lateral plate conditions (p=0.025), or lateral cut plate conditions (p=0.026). Additionally, the Full Plate with Lateral Wedge condition reduced strains by 285 µΕ relative to the sneaker condition, no significant differences (p = 0.07) were found in post-hoc analysis. No significant differences were found in Zone II with the models considered. Conclusion: Zone III strains were shown to be significantly correlated with intrinsic factors in the current analysis. Plate conditions demonstrated a trend towards significant reduction of Zone III strain relative to the sneaker condition, despite failing to achieve statistical significance in conservative post-hoc analysis. However, these results may be clinically significant as the reduction of strain in plate conditions exceeded previously reported significant decreases in the 2nd metatarsal. Correlations found between intrinsic risk factors and strain in this study corroborate with previous studies. This indicates that the effectiveness of foot orthotics to reduce strain is strongly influenced by individual foot structure.

scholarly journals Second impact syndrome in football: new imaging and insights into a rare and devastating condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Weinstein ◽  
Michael Turner ◽  
Benjamin B. Kuzma ◽  
Henry Feuer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology ◽  
Impact Syndrome

Premature return to play for the concussed pediatric athlete may result in devastating neurological injury. Identification of at-risk patients and ideal management of the concussed athlete remain challenging for the pediatrician. The authors review a case of second impact syndrome in which neuroimaging was obtained between the first and second impacts, a circumstance which to their knowledge has not been previously reported. This case offers new insights into the underlying pathophysiology of this disease process and potential risk factors for its development.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of state-level concussion legislation and review of current practices in concussion

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. E11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystal L. Tomei ◽  
Christopher Doe ◽  
Charles J. Prestigiacomo ◽  
Chirag D. Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
State Level ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Evaluation Parameters ◽  
Concussion Education

Object Forty-two states and the District of Columbia have passed legislation based on the Lystedt law of Washington state, enacted in 2009 to protect young athletes who have sustained a concussion. The aim of this study was to note the several similarities and differences among the various laws. Methods Concussion legislation was compared for 50 states and the District of Columbia. Evaluation parameters of this study included stipulations of concussion education, criteria for removal from play, requirements for evaluation and return to play after concussion, and individuals required to assess young athletes. Other parameters that were not consistent across states were also noted. Results Forty-three states and the District of Columbia have passed concussion legislation, and an additional 4 states have pending legislation. All states with existing legislation support concussion education for coaches; however, only 48% require coaches to undergo formal education. Athletes must be educated on concussion in 86% of states and parents in 88.7%. Suspicion of concussion is a criterion for removal from play in 75% of states; signs and symptoms of concussion are criteria for removal from play in 16% of states. The individuals allowed to evaluate and clear an athlete for return to play differ greatly among states. Conclusions Injury prevention legislation holds historical precedent, and given the increasing attention to long-term sequelae of repeated head trauma and concussion, concussion legislation has been rapidly passed in 43 states and the District of Columbia. Although the exact stipulations of these laws vary among states, the overall theme is to increase recognition of concussion in young athletes and ensure that they are appropriately cleared for return to play after concussion.

scholarly journals What Are the Main Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Running-Related Injuries? A Retrospective Survey Based on 3669 Respondents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596712110434
Author(s):  
Damien Sanfilippo ◽  
Charlotte Beaudart ◽  
Allan Gaillard ◽  
Stephen Bornheim ◽  
Olivier Bruyere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Relevant Risk Factor ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Despite the many studies on running-related injuries (RRIs), risk factors for injury remain unclear in the literature. Purpose: To investigate the risk factors of RRIs. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: An online survey was conducted among 3669 injured and noninjured runners. Injury was defined as pain of various kinds, without attention to its consequences on running practice. The survey included 41 questions on 5 main categories—personal characteristics, daily lifestyle, training and running characteristics, practice of other sporting activities, and prevention habits—as well as information about the occurrence of RRI over the previous 12 months. Continuous and qualitative variables were analyzed by Student t test and chi-square test, respectively. Sixteen variables were selected for multivariate binary logistic analysis. Results: Among the 3669 runners, 1852 (50.5%) reported at least 1 injury over the previous 12 months. Overuse injuries were largely represented (60.6%). The variables associated with RRIs that remained significant in the fully adjusted model were previous injury (odds ratio [OR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.42-1.86), higher weight (OR, 1.006; 95% CI, 1.00-1.012), competitive running (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.19-1.98), running >2 h/wk (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.62), running >20 km/wk (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.001-1.55), and stretching before running (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.25-1.71). Conclusion: Previous injury remains the most relevant risk factor for RRIs according to the current study and previous data. Many training characteristics seem to be involved but still have to be confirmed in view of conflicting data in the literature. Further research would help clinicians better understand RRIs and how to prevent them.

scholarly journals Incidence Rate of Musculoskeletal Injuries among Professional Tennis Players during 2019 International Tournaments in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 268-274
Author(s):  
Mokhammad R. Abadi ◽  
Indah S. Widyahening ◽  
Nani C. Sudarsono ◽  
Ade J. Tobing
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Professional Tennis

Several studies have indicated that musculoskeletal injuries are common during a professional tennis competition. However, data from a tropical country like Indonesia is lacking. This study aimed to obtain the incidence rate and injury characteristics and identify risk factors of musculoskeletal injuries among professional tennis players competing in Indonesia under the International Tennis Federation (ITF). The study was a prospective cohort during professional tennis tournaments in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2019, consisting of the ITF Women’s Circuit Indonesia (two weeks) and ITF Men’s Future Indonesia (three weeks). All athletes were enrolled in this study. Injuries were assessed based on the ITF Consensus Statement. Incidence rate was the number of injuries per 1000 player hours (i.e., the total duration from before the match starts to completion of the match after the final point). The magnitude of risk was expressed as a relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Independent risk factors were identified using multivariate analyses. A total of 161 tennis players were enrolled; 71 (44.1%) were men. Their mean age was 22 years old. The incidence rate of musculoskeletal injuries was 30.8 injuries per 1000 player hours (95% CI: 28.2–33.5). The most common onset was acute injuries (61.1%), while the most common location and type of injury was the trunk (38.9%) and muscle strain (61.1%). Risk factors associated with musculoskeletal injury were higher body height, skill level, history of previous injury, and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) zone. There was no injury during the doubles matches. Previous injury was an independent risk factor (adjusted RR: 48.1 (95% CI: 11.3–155.0; p < 0.001). The incidence of musculoskeletal injuries among professional tennis player is considerably high. Factors associated with injury are body height, skill level, previous injury, and WBGT zone. Future injury prevention programmes should incorporate the management of previous injuries and take into account the effect of environmental temperature.

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