Insulin sensitivity variations in apparently healthy Arab male subjects: correlation with insulin and C peptide

IntroductionDecreased insulin sensitivity occurs early in type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is highly prevalent in the Middle East and North Africa regions. This study assessed the variations in insulin sensitivity in normal apparently healthy subjects and the levels of adiponectin, adipsin and inflammatory markers.Research design and methodsA total of 60 participants (aged 18–45, body mass index <28) with a normal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) completed hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (40 mU/m2/min) and body composition test by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. Blood samples were assayed for glucose, insulin, C peptide, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, adiponectin and adipsin.ResultsThe subjects showed wide variations in the whole-body glucose disposal rate (M value) from 2 to 20 mg/kg/min and were divided into three groups: most responsive (M>12 mg/kg/min, n=17), least responsive (M≤6 mg/kg/min, n=14) and intermediate responsive (M=6.1–12 mg/kg/min, n=29). Insulin and C peptide responses to OGTT were highest among the least insulin sensitive group. Triglycerides, cholesterol, alanine transaminase (ALT) and albumin levels were higher in the least responsive group compared with the other groups. Among the inflammatory markers, C reactive protein (CRP) was highest in the least sensitivity group compared with the other groups; however, there were no differences in the level of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily 1B (TNFRS1B). Plasma levels of insulin sensitivity markers, adiponectin and adipsin, and oxidative stress markers, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase 1, were similar between the groups.ConclusionsA wide range in insulin sensitivity and significant differences in triglycerides, cholesterol, ALT and CRP concentrations were observed despite the fact that the study subjects were homogenous in terms of age, gender and ethnic background, and all had normal screening comprehensive chemistry and normal glucose response to OGTT. The striking differences in insulin sensitivity reflect differences in genetic predisposition and/or environmental exposure. The low insulin sensitivity status associated with increased insulin level may represent an early stage of metabolic abnormality.

Download Full-text

Day to Day Variability and Reliability of Blood Oxidative Stress Markers within a Four-Week Period in Healthy Young Men

Journal of Biomarkers ◽

10.1155/2014/248313 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. H. Goldfarb ◽

R. S. Garten ◽

J. Waller ◽

J. D. Labban

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Xanthine Oxidase ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Protein Carbonyls ◽

Young Cohort ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Intraclass Correlations ◽

Daily Changes ◽

Apparently Healthy

The present study aimed to determine the day to day variability and reliability of several blood oxidative stress markers at rest in a healthy young cohort over a four-week period. Twelve apparently healthy resistance trained males (24.6 ± 3.0 yrs) were tested over 7 visits within 4 weeks with at least 72 hrs between visits at the same time of day. Subjects rested 30 minutes prior to blood being obtained by vacutainer. Results. The highest IntraClass correlations (ICC’s) were obtained for protein carbonyls (PC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) (PC = 0.785 and ORAC = 0.780). Cronbach’s α reliability score for PC was 0.967 and for ORAC was 0.961. The ICC’s for GSH, GSSG, and the GSSG/TGH ratio ICC were 0.600, 0.573, and 0.570, respectively, with Cronbach’s α being 0.913, 0.904, and 0.903, respectively. Xanthine oxidase ICC was 0.163 and Cronbach’s α was 0.538. Conclusions. PC and ORAC demonstrated good to excellent reliability while glutathione factors had poor to excellent reliability. Xanthine oxidase showed poor reliability and high variability. These results suggest that the PC and ORAC markers were the most stable and reliable oxidative stress markers in blood and that daily changes across visits should be considered when interpreting resting blood oxidative stress markers.

Download Full-text

Treatment of hyperthyroidism reduces systemic oxidative stress, as measured by markers of RNA and DNA damages

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgab273 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Camilla B Larsen ◽

Kamilla Ryom Riis ◽

Kristian Hillert Winther ◽

Emil List Larsen ◽

Christina Ellervik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Urinary Excretion ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Nodular Goiter ◽

Whole Body ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Toxic Nodular Goiter ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Systemic Oxidative Stress ◽

Rna And Dna

Abstract Background Whole-body oxidative stress can be estimated by the urine excretion of oxidized guanosine species, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), derived from RNA and DNA, respectively. These oxidative stress markers are not well explored in thyroid disorders. Methods Urinary excretion of 8-oxoGuo and 8-oxodG was measured in 51 hyperthyroid patients (toxic nodular goiter (TNG), n=30; Graves’ disease (GD), n=21) before or shortly after initiation of therapy and when stable euthyroidism had been achieved for at least 12 months. Results Adjusting for age, the baseline urinary excretion of oxidative stress markers correlated positively with plasma thyroxine (8-oxoGuo: p=0.002; 8-oxodG: p=0.021) and was significantly higher in GD than in TNG patients (p=0.001 for both oxidative stress markers). Restoration of euthyroidism significantly affected the excretion of the oxidative stress markers. In TNG, 8-oxoGuo decreased from geometric mean 2.11 nmol/mmol creatinine (95%CI:1.85-2.39) to 1.91 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.67-2.19), p=0.001, while 8-oxodG decreased from 1.65 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.41-1.93) to 1.48 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.27-1.74), p=0.026. In GD, 8-oxoGuo decreased from 2.25 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.95-2.59) to 1.79 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.63-1.97), p=0.0003, while 8-oxodG decreased from 2.02 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.73-2.38) to 1.54 nmol/mmol (95%CI:1.31-1.81), p=0.001. In the euthyroid state, there were no differences between groups. Conclusion Restoration of euthyroidism in patients with hyperthyroidism significantly decreased the systemic oxidative stress load by 10-25%. Our findings may help to explain the higher morbidity and mortality linked to hyperthyroid diseases, as shown in observational studies.

Download Full-text

Effect of Yoga intervention on biochemical, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers and sleep quality among subjects with type 2 diabetes in South India: Results from the SATYAM project

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108644 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 108644

Author(s):

Vijay Viswanathan ◽

S. Sumathi ◽

A. Sai Prathiba ◽

D. Arutselvi ◽

G. Leema ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

South India ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Yoga Intervention ◽

Stress Markers

Download Full-text

“2-(4-Fluorobenzamido)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid” a novel thiazole compound, ameliorates insulin sensitivity and hyperlipidaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: Plausible role of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.014 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 1232-1241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yam Nath Paudel ◽

Md. Rahmat Ali ◽

Mohammad Adil ◽

Sandhya Bawa ◽

Manju Sharma

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Download Full-text

Protective assessment of cimetidine against cyclophosphamide-induced kidney injury

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v9i6.20669 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Elias Adikwu ◽

Bonsome Bokolo

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

The Body ◽

The Other ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Kidney Functions

Background: Nephrotoxicity is one of the frequent toxicities observed with cyclophosphamide (CP) use which may involve oxidative stress. Cimetidine is an antihistamine with anti-oxidative stress activity.Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of cimetidine on cyclophosphamide-induced kidney damage in albino rats.Materials and Methods: Forty eight adult rats randomised into 8 (A-H) groups of 6 rats per group were experimentally used for this study.Group A (control) was treated with water, while groups B-D were treated with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg of cimetidine intraperitoneally (ip) daily for 5 days respectively. Group E was treated with150 mg/kgof CP ip on the 5th day. Groups F-H were pretreated with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg cimetidine ip daily for 5 days and treated with CP ip on the 5th day respectively. Rats were sacrificed serum was extracted from blood and evaluated for renal function markers, while kidneys were harvested and evaluated for oxidative stress markers and histology.Results: There were no significant effects (p>0.05) on the body and kidney weights of CP-treated rats. However, impaired kidney functions in CP-treated rats were marked by significant (p<0.05) increases in creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, and malondialdehyde levels when compared to control. On the other hand, significant (p<0.05) decreases in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total protein and albumin were obtained in CP-treated rats when compared to control. Necrotic changes were observed in the kidneys of CP-treated rats. However, CP-induced nephrotoxic effects were significantly (p<0.05; 0.01) reversed in cimetidine pretreated rats.Conclusion: Cimetidine shows potential as adjunct remedy for cyclophosphamide associated nephrotoxicity.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 25-30

Download Full-text

MON-161 ASSESSMENT OF CIRCULATING OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS, INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS ON MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS

Kidney International Reports ◽

10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.954 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. S368

Author(s):

D.K.J. PRIYADARSHINI

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Oxidative Stress ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers

Download Full-text

Oxidative Stress Markers Are Associated with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2006.083923 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 1652-1657 ◽

Cited By ~ 139

Author(s):

Robert B Neuman ◽

Heather L Bloom ◽

Irfan Shukrullah ◽

Lyndsey A Darrow ◽

David Kleinbaum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Serum Markers ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Myocardial Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Agents

Abstract Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with myocardial oxidative stress, and antioxidant agents have demonstrated antiarrhythmic benefit in humans. We compared serum markers of oxidation and associated inflammation in individuals with or without AF. Methods: Serum markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were compared in a cross-sectional, case-control design study of 40 male individuals, with or without persistent or permanent AF, who were matched for age, sex, diabetes, and smoking status, known confounding variables for the measurement of oxidative stress. We used derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites (DROMs) and ratios of oxidized to reduced glutathione (Eh GSH) and cysteine (Eh CySH) to quantify oxidative stress. We also measured inflammatory markers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukins 1β and 6, and tumor necrosis factor α. Results: Univariate, conditional logistical regression analysis showed that oxidative stress but not inflammatory markers were statistically associated with AF (P <0.05). The increase in the odds ratios for AF for Eh GSH, Eh CySH, and DROMs were 6.1 (95% CI, 1.3–28.3; P = 0.02), 13.6 (95% CI, 2.5–74.1; P = 0.01), and 15.9 (95% CI, 1.7–153.9; P = 0.02), respectively. There was a stronger correlation between Eh GSH and Eh CySH (r = 0.66) than between Eh GSH and DROMs (r = 0.41). In multivariate analysis corrected for statins and other AF risk factors differing between the groups, the association of AF and oxidative stress remained significant. Conclusions: These data suggest that oxidative stress markers may have predictive value in AF management.

Download Full-text

Effect of Acute Thermal Injury in Status of Serum Vitamins, Inflammatory Markers, and Oxidative Stress Markers

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1097/bcr.0b013e31826fc506 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. e87-e91 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Paula Pileggi Vinha ◽

Edson Zangiacomi Martinez ◽

Helio Vannucchi ◽

Julio Sergio Marchini ◽

Jayme Adriano Farina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Thermal Injury ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Download Full-text

Neurotrophins, cytokines, oxidative stress mediators and mood state in bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analyses

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2018.144 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 213 (3) ◽

pp. 514-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Tobias Rowland ◽

Benjamin I. Perry ◽

Rachel Upthegrove ◽

Nicholas Barnes ◽

Jayanta Chatterjee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

And Oxidative Stress

BackgroundA reliable biomarker signature for bipolar disorder sensitive to illness phase would be of considerable clinical benefit. Among circulating blood-derived markers there has been a significant amount of research into inflammatory markers, neurotrophins and oxidative stress markers.AimsTo synthesise and interpret existing evidence of inflammatory markers, neurotrophins and oxidative stress markers in bipolar disorder focusing on the mood phase of illness.MethodFollowing PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, a systematic review was conducted for studies investigating peripheral biomarkers in bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls. We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, SciELO and Web of Science, and separated studies by bipolar mood phase (mania, depression and euthymia). Extracted data on each biomarker in separate mood phases were synthesised using random-effects model meta-analyses.ResultsIn total, 53 studies were included, comprising 2467 cases and 2360 controls. Fourteen biomarkers were identified from meta-analyses of three or more studies. No biomarker differentiated mood phase in bipolar disorder individually. Biomarker meta-analyses suggest a combination of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein/interleukin-6, brain derived neurotrophic factor/tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and soluble TNF-α receptor 1 can differentiate specific mood phase in bipolar disorder. Several other biomarkers of interest were identified.ConclusionsCombining biomarker results could differentiate individuals with bipolar disorder from healthy controls and indicate a specific mood-phase signature. Future research should seek to test these combinations of biomarkers in longitudinal studies.Declaration of interestNone.

Download Full-text