scholarly journals Another voice in the crowd: the challenge of changing family planning and child feeding practices through mHealth messaging in rural central India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (Suppl 5) ◽  
pp. e005868
Author(s):  
Kerry Scott ◽  
Osama Ummer ◽  
Aashaka Shinde ◽  
Manjula Sharma ◽  
Shalini Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Central India ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionKilkari is one of the world’s largest mobile phone-based health messaging programmes. Developed by BBC Media Action, it provides weekly stage-based information to pregnant and postpartum women and their families, including on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) and family planning, to compliment the efforts of frontline health workers. The quantitative component of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh found that exposure to Kilkari increased modern contraceptive uptake but did not change IYCF practices. This qualitative research complements the RCT to explore why these findings may have emerged.MethodsWe used system generated data to identify households within the RCT with very high to medium Kilkari listenership. Mothers (n=29), as well as husbands and extended family members (n=25 interviews/family group discussions) were interviewed about IYCF and family planning, including their reactions to Kilkari’s calls on these topics. Analysis was informed by the theory of reciprocal determinism, which positions behaviour change within the interacting domains of individual attributes, social and environmental determinants, and existing practices.ResultsWhile women who owned and controlled their own phones were the Kilkari listeners, among women who did not own their own phones, it was often their husbands who listened. Spouses did not discuss Kilkari messages. Respondents retained and appreciated Kilkari messages that aligned with their pre-existing worldviews, social norms, and existing practices. However, they overlooked or de-emphasised content that did not. In this way, they reported agreeing with and trusting Kilkari while persisting with practices that went against Kilkari’s recommendations, particularly non-exclusive breastfeeding and inappropriate complementary feeding.ConclusionTo deepen impact, digital direct to beneficiary services need to be complimented by wider communication efforts (e.g., sustained face-to-face, media, community engagement) to change social norms, taking into account the role of socio-environmental, behavioural, and individual determinants.

scholarly journals Information Diffusion and Social Norms Are Associated with Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (11) ◽  
pp. 2034-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong H Nguyen ◽  
Edward A Frongillo ◽  
Sunny S Kim ◽  
Amanda A Zongrone ◽  
Amir Jilani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Interaction within mothers’ social networks can theoretically diffuse messages from interventions and campaigns into norms and practices for infant and young child feeding (IYCF). Objectives We hypothesized that mothers’ social networks, diffusion of information, and social norms differed in intensive [intensive interpersonal counseling (IPC), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM)] compared with nonintensive (standard IPC and less-intensive CM and MM) intervention areas, were associated with IYCF practices, and partly explained practice improvement. Methods We conducted household surveys at endline in 2014 and follow-up in 2016 (n = ∼2000 each round). We used multiple regression to test differences and changes in networks, diffusion, and norms within intervention areas. We analyzed paths from intervention exposure to IYCF practices through networks, diffusion, and norms. Results Mothers’ networks were larger in intensive than in nonintensive areas in 2014 and increased in both areas over time [25–38 percentage points (pp)]. The prevalence of receipt of IYCF information was high, with no changes over time in intensive areas but an increase in nonintensive areas (8–16 pp). In both areas, more family members and health workers provided IYCF information over time. Sharing of information increased 17–23 pp in intensive and 11–41 pp in nonintensive areas over time. Perceived descriptive norms improved 8–16 pp in intensive and 17–28 pp in nonintensive areas. Perceived injunctive norms were high in both areas. Breastfeeding practices were associated with networks, diffusion, and norms (OR: 1.6–4.4 times larger comparing highest with lowest quartile). Minimum dietary diversity was associated with larger networks and diffusion (OR: 1.5–2.2) but not with social norms. Indirect paths from intervention exposure to practices explained 34–78% of total effects. Conclusions Diffusion of IYCF information through social networks, reinforced by positive social norms for messages promoted over time, will contribute to positive changes in IYCF practices that may be achieved and sustained through large-scale social and behavior change interventions. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0274084.

scholarly journals A study of knowledge and practice of contraception in a rural area of Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1430
Author(s):  
Alpana Saxena ◽  
S. B. Gupta ◽  
Atul K. Singh ◽  
Meenakshi Singh ◽  
Huma Khan
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Postpartum Contraception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: It is very critical to understand that awareness of family planning and proper utilization of contraceptives is an important indicator for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. It also plays an important role in promoting reproductive health of the women in an underdeveloped country. Objective was to assess knowledge and practice of modern contraception in rural area.Methods: A community based cross sectional study. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the in a   rural area of Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. 458 randomly selected eligible couples were included in the study. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect information about family planning methods knowledge, source of knowledge and   current practices and reasons of nonuse. The appropriate statistical analysis was done to present the results.Results: 48.03% eligible couples had adopted one or the other current modern contraceptive measure. Female sterilization was the most common method used.Conclusions: Overall usage of postpartum contraception was low need to focus at every step to contact with health facility or health workers.

scholarly journals Regional Analysis of Associations between Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and Diarrhoea in Indian Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansi Dhami ◽  
Felix Ogbo ◽  
Thierno Diallo ◽  
Kingsley Agho ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Central India ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
North East ◽  
Infant And Young Child

Studies on the association between infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and diarrhoea across regional India are limited. Hence, we examined the association between IYCF practices and diarrhoea in regional India. A weighted sample of 90,596 (North = 11,200, South = 16,469, East = 23,317, West = 11,512, Central = 24,870 and North-East = 3228) from the 2015–2016 National Family Health Survey in India was examined, using multivariate logistic regressions that adjust for clustering and sampling weights. The IYCF indicators included early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF), exclusive breastfeeding (ExcBF), predominant breastfeeding (PBF), bottle feeding (BotF), continued breastfeeding (BF) at one-year, continued BF at two years, children ever breastfed and the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods (ISSSF). Diarrhoea prevalence was lower among infants who were BF within one-hour of birth and those who were exclusively breastfed. Multivariate analyses revealed that continued BF at one and two years, and infants who were introduced to complementary foods had a higher prevalence of diarrhoea. EIBF and ExcBF were protective against diarrhoea in the regions of North, East and Central India. PBF, BotF and ISSSF were risk factors for diarrhoea in Central India. Continued BF at two years was a risk factor for diarrhoea in Western India. Findings suggested that EIBF and ExcBF were protective against diarrhoea in Northern, Eastern and Central India, while PBF, BotF, continued BF at two years and ISSSF were risk factors for diarrhoea in various regions in India. Improvements in IYCF practices are likely to reduce the burden of diarrhoea-related morbidity and mortality across regions in India.

scholarly journals Determinants of modern contraceptive preference among mothers (15-49 years) in central zone, Tigray region, Ethiopia; qualitative study finding

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Merhawi Gebremedhin ◽  
Ayele Belachew ◽  
Demeke Desta
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
English Language ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Study Finding ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Modern Contraceptive ◽  
Cross Sectional

Contraceptive method choice is a fundamental indicator of quality of care in a family planning program. Contraceptive choice is one component of quality in family planning and offering minimum of three modern methods of contraceptives is a critical indicator. One-third of developing countries have many skewed method mixes, which is a risky for discontinuation, contraceptive dissatisfaction and unintended pregnancy. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of contraceptive is highly skewed, 76% for injectable. Therefore, the purpose of qualitative study was to assess determinants of modern contraceptive preference among reproductive age (15-49 years) in Central Zone of Tigray.Methodology: the study was conducted in the central zone of Tigray and community, and facility based qualitative cross-sectional study was applied. Six focus group discussion entails of reproductive age mothers and 15 In-depth Interview with health workers constitutes the sample. Data was first transcribed and then translated into English language. Open code software was applied to analyze data and data was coded segment by segment then categorized using thematic analysis to give meaning.Result: community’s awareness and acceptance to use modern contraceptives have improved from time to time. Contraceptive preference is determined by community acceptance, health care system problem, individual context and socio-cultural problem. For majority of respondents, preference to long acting contraceptive is mainly influenced by husband.Conclusion: currently, women are preferring short-acting contraceptive preferably injectable than long acting.Implanon is preferred next to injectable. A strong information, education and communication that address all portions of the population and able to change the community’s attitude should do at the grass root level.

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