SSRI antidepressant use potentiates weight gain in the context of unhealthy lifestyles: results from a 4-year Australian follow-up study

ObjectiveTo examine the association between antidepressant use and weight gain, as well as the interaction with lifestyle factors.DesignLongitudinal study.Setting and participantsWe used data from 2334 adults from two stages (4.4 years apart) of the North West Adelaide Health Study, including validated diet and lifestyle questionnaires, measured body weight and linked pharmaceutical prescription data.Main outcome measuresBody weight change.Results188 (8.1%) participants had a mean annual number of 1–2 antidepressant prescriptions, and 212 (9.1%) had over two prescriptions. The mean annual weight gain was 0.12, 0.18 and 0.28 kg in non-users, low (1–2 prescriptions/year) and high (>2 prescriptions/year) antidepressant users, respectively. In multivariable regression models, antidepressant use was positively associated with weight gain: high antidepressant users gained an extra 0.22 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.44) kg per year. This association was mainly due to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) use. High SSRI users gained 0.48 (95% CI 0.20 to 0.76) kg more than non-users. There was no association between tricyclic or other antidepressant use and weight gain. The association between SSRI use and weight gain was stronger among those with high intake of Western diet, greater sedentary activity, and who smoked.ConclusionsSSRIs use was associated with weight gain in the presence of unhealthy behaviours including Western diet, sedentarism and smoking.

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Depression and health risk factors in the North West Adelaide Health Study

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/s092427080003163x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 304-305

Author(s):

N Potts ◽

D Wilson ◽

A Taylor ◽

T Gill ◽

G Schrader ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Study ◽

Health Risk Factors ◽

North West ◽

The North

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Fish and marine fatty acids intakes, theFADSgenotypes and long-term weight gain: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022877 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e022877

Author(s):

Tao Huang ◽

Tiange Wang ◽

Yoriko Heianza ◽

Janey Wiggs ◽

Dianjianyi Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Fish Intake ◽

Health Study ◽

Genetic Associations ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

Long Chain

ObjectiveWe tested whether genetic variants near fatty acid desaturases gene (FADS) cluster, which were recently identified to be signatures of adaptation to fish-rich and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)-rich diet, interacted with these dietary factors on change in body mass index (BMI).DesignThreeFADSvariants were examined for gene-diet interactions on long-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight in four prospective cohort studies.SettingPopulation based study.Participants11 323 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), 6833 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and replicated in 6254 women from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and 5 264 Chinese from the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS).Main outcomesLong-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight.ResultsIn the NHS and HPFS cohorts, food-sourced n-3 PUFAs intake showed interactions with theFADSrs174570 on changes of BMI (P for interaction=0.02 in NHS, 0.05 in HPFS and 0.007 in combined). Such interactions were replicated in two independent cohorts WHI and SCHS (P for interaction=0.04 in WHI, 0.02 in SCHS and 0.001 in combined). The genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with changes in BMI increased across the tertiles of n-3 PUFAs in all the cohorts. Fish intake also accentuated the genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with long-term changes in BMI (pooled P for interaction=0.006). Viewed differently, long chain n-3 PUFAs intake showed stronger association with long-term changes in BMI among the rs174570 T carriers (beta=0.79 kg/m2per g, p=3×10−5) than the rs174570 non-T carriers (beta=0.16 kg/m2per g, p=0.08). Similar results were observed for fish intake.ConclusionsOur hypothesis-driven analyses provide replicable evidence that long chain n-3 PUFAs and fish intakes may interact with theFADSvariant on long-term weight gain. Further investigation is needed to confirm our findings in other cohorts.

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FRAILTY IN THE NORTH WEST ADELAIDE HEALTH STUDY USING THE FRAILTY PHENOTYPE AND INDEX APPROACHES

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igx004.5132 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 1394-1394

Author(s):

M.Q. Thompson ◽

O. Theou ◽

S.C. Yu ◽

K. Lange ◽

R. Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Study ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

North West ◽

The North

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Loss of UCP1 exacerbates Western diet-induced glycemic dysregulation independent of changes in body weight in female mice

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00425.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 312 (1) ◽

pp. R74-R84 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Nathan C. Winn ◽

Victoria J. Vieira-Potter ◽

Michelle L. Gastecki ◽

Rebecca J. Welly ◽

Rebecca J. Scroggins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Glucose Intolerance ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Uncoupling Protein ◽

Liver Steatosis ◽

Western Diet ◽

Female Mice ◽

Brown Adipose

We tested the hypothesis that female mice null for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) would have increased susceptibility to Western diet-induced “whitening” of brown adipose tissue (AT) and glucose intolerance. Six-week-old C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) and UCP1 knockout (UCP1−/−) mice, housed at 25°C, were randomized to either a control diet (10% kcal from fat) or Western diet (45% kcal from fat and 1% cholesterol) for 28 wk. Loss of UCP1 had no effect on energy intake, energy expenditure, spontaneous physical activity, weight gain, or visceral white AT mass. Despite similar susceptibility to weight gain compared with WT, UCP1−/− exhibited whitening of brown AT evidenced by a striking ~500% increase in mass and appearance of large unilocular adipocytes, increased expression of genes related to inflammation, immune cell infiltration, and endoplasmic reticulum/oxidative stress ( P < 0.05), and decreased mitochondrial subunit protein (COX I, II, III, and IV, P < 0.05), all of which were exacerbated by Western diet ( P < 0.05). UCP1−/− mice also developed liver steatosis and glucose intolerance, which was worsened by Western diet. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that loss of UCP1 exacerbates Western diet-induced whitening of brown AT, glucose intolerance, and induces liver steatosis. Notably, the adverse metabolic manifestations of UCP1−/− were independent of changes in body weight, visceral adiposity, and energy expenditure. These novel findings uncover a previously unrecognized metabolic protective role of UCP1 that is independent of its already established role in energy homeostasis.

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Is Diabetes Associated with Shoulder Pain or Stiffness? Results from a Population Based Study

The Journal of Rheumatology ◽

10.3899/jrheum.080349 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 371-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

ANTONIA COLE ◽

TIFFANY K. GILL ◽

E. MICHAEL SHANAHAN ◽

PATRICK PHILLIPS ◽

ANNE W. TAYLOR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Shoulder Pain ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Study ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Current Smoking ◽

North West ◽

Second Stage ◽

The North ◽

Hba1c Levels

Objectives.To assess the association of shoulder pain and/or stiffness and diabetes mellitus in a population based cohort.Methods.Participants were randomly recruited from the North West Adelaide Health Study, a longitudinal, population based study. In the second stage, 3128 participants were assessed for diabetes mellitus and shoulder complaints via questionnaires, the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), physical assessment, blood sampling for fasting plasma glucose, and HbA1c levels.Results.Overall, 682 (21.8%) participants experienced shoulder pain and/or stiffness and 221 participants (7.1%) fulfilled criteria for diabetes mellitus. Those with diabetes had a higher prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness (27.9% vs 21.3%; p = 0.025), and poorer SPADI disability subscore (p = 0.01) and total SPADI score (p = 0.02). After controlling for age, sex, obesity, and current smoking, the prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness did not differ significantly between those with diabetes and those without (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.76–1.45), nor were there significant differences in the SPADI disability subscore (p = 0.39) or total SPADI score (p = 0.32) between the 2 groups. After adjustment for covariates, there was no association between higher levels of HbA1c and shoulder pain and/or stiffness (p > 0.8). Range of shoulder movement was significantly reduced in those with diabetes (p < 0.05).Conclusions.There is a higher prevalence of shoulder pain and/or stiffness in people with diabetes mellitus. The differences observed between those with diabetes and those without can largely be explained by the confounding factors of age, sex, obesity, and current smoking.

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Prevalence and correlates of shoulder pain and stiffness in a population-based study: the North West Adelaide Health Study

International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1111/j.1756-185x.2010.01475.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Catherine L. HILL ◽

Tiffany K. GILL ◽

E.M. SHANAHAN ◽

Anne W. TAYLOR

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Pain ◽

Population Based ◽

Health Study ◽

Population Based Study ◽

North West ◽

The North

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Perceptions about body weight and weight reduction in Spain

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980099000749 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 557-563 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MA Martinez-González ◽

MIS Martín-Almendros ◽

MJ Gibney ◽

JM Kearney ◽

JA Martinez

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Adult Population ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Weight Changes ◽

The North ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Socioeconomic Levels

AbstractObjective:To assess the more prevalent beliefs about body weight and the factors involved in weight changes in the Spanish adult population.Design:A national survey was carried out according to an established protocol on Spanish subjects selected by a multistage procedure following a random route model, which was quota-controlled for several sociodemographic variables. This study was undertaken by the Spanish arm of a pan-European survey and was performed with a validated questionnaire. It contained questions to evaluate some aspects concerning the relationship between obesity, physical activity and health. We also estimated the proportion of self-reported overweight and obesity.Setting:Spain.Subjects:The sample included 1000 subjects aged 15 years or older.Results:Eleven per cent of the sample were obese (body mass index, BMI > 30 kg m-2) and an additional 32% were overweight (BMI > 25 and < 30 kg m-2). Obesity prevalence was higher among older individuals, those with lower education and socioeconomic levels, and among housewives and retired or unemployed people. Most Spanish people believed that fat intake (51%) and the amount of food consumption (44%) were the major factors involved in weight gain, while physical activity was less mentioned (12%). The method most frequently used to lose weight was diet (9%). Individuals from central and southern regions payed more attention to genetics (20–27%) and physical activity (12–20%) as determinants of weight gain than people living in the north or northwest regions (15–17% and 8–9%, respectively). Normal weight people participated more often in some physical activity during their leisure time.Conclusions:The Spanish population is not familiar with factors influencing weight gain. Health promotion strategies should emphasize the role of physical activity, especially among older individuals, retired or unemployed subjects, those from lower educational or socioeconomic levels and among people living in the north or northwest of Spain.

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