Effectiveness and meaningful use of paediatric surgical safety checklists and their implementation strategies: a systematic review with narrative synthesis

ObjectiveTo examine the effectiveness and meaningful use of paediatric surgical safety checklists (SSCs) and their implementation strategies through a systematic review with narrative synthesis.Summary background dataSince the launch of the WHO SSC, checklists have been integrated into surgical systems worldwide. Information is sparse on how SSCs have been integrated into the paediatric surgical environment.MethodsA broad search strategy was created using Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, Science Citation Index and Conference Proceedings Citation Index. Abstracts and full texts were screened independently, in duplicate for inclusion. Extracted study characteristic and outcomes generated themes explored through subgroup analyses and idea webbing.Results1826 of 1921 studies were excluded after title and abstract review (kappa 0.77) and 47 after full-text review (kappa 0.86). 20 studies were of sufficient quality for narrative synthesis. Clinical outcomes were not affected by SSC introduction in studies without implementation strategies. A comprehensive SSC implementation strategy in developing countries demonstrated improved outcomes in high-risk surgeries. Narrative synthesis suggests that meaningful compliance is inconsistently measured and rarely achieved. Strategies involving feedback improved compliance. Stakeholder-developed implementation strategies, including team-based education, achieved greater acceptance. Three studies suggest that parental involvement in the SSC is valued by parents, nurses and physicians and may improve patient safety.ConclusionsA SSC implementation strategy focused on paediatric patients and their families can achieve high acceptability and good compliance. SSCs’ role in improving measures of paediatric surgical outcome is not well established, but they may be effective when used within a comprehensive implementation strategy especially for high-risk patients in low-resource settings.

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1285 Reporting of Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy As A Surgical Innovation: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab259.812 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽

Author(s):

D Scroggie ◽

K S Lee ◽

R Purves ◽

E Sewart ◽

S Van Laarhoven ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Surgical Techniques ◽

Learning Curves ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Minimal Access ◽

Surgical Innovation ◽

Research Reporting ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy

Abstract Aim Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is most commonly performed using open surgical techniques. Minimal access approaches have reduced the morbidity of many types of surgery, however technical limitations have hindered the widespread adoption of laparoscopic methods for PD. There has been increasing use of surgical robots to facilitate a minimal access approach, motivated by improved visualisation, ergonomics and dexterity compared to standard laparoscopic methods. Methods for the safe introduction of novel techniques are lacking, and the way in which surgical innovations are reported may affect adoption into clinical practice. The aim of this study is to understand how robotic PD has been reported as a surgical innovation. Method A systematic review is being conducted by the trainee led RoboSurg Collaborative. A literature search was performed to identify primary research reporting outcomes of robotic PD. Articles are being screened in duplicate by title and abstract, then by full text review. The following data will be extracted: study methodology and rationale; centre, surgeons and patient details; governance and ethical considerations; learning curves; details of the intervention, including modifications; and how outcomes were reported, including use of core outcome sets. The data will be analysed using a narrative synthesis method. Results The search identified 1305 articles reporting on robotic pancreas surgery. An interim report of progress will be presented. Conclusions A rich narrative synthesis will enable innovators to understand how robotic PD has been reported. This will encourage transparent, methodical, and meaningful reporting of robotic PD, increasing the quality of clinical evidence.

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S154. TOBACCO SMOKING AND CLINICAL HIGH RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF THE EVIDENCE

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.220 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S94-S95

Author(s):

Andrea De Micheli ◽

Albertine van Lawick van Pabst ◽

Enass Yossef ◽

Philip McGuire ◽

Paolo Fusar-Poli

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

High Risk ◽

Physical Health ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Citation Index ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Clinical High Risk ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Russian Science Citation Index

Abstract Background There is converging evidence that youths at clinical high risk (CHR) are not only likely to develop the first episode of psychosis but also to develop poor physical outcomes. Some physical health risk factors - such as smoking - have been shown to increase the probability of a frank onset of psychosis in those at risk. A meta-analysis conducted in psychotic patients confirmed that daily tobacco use is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. A significant association between any attenuated psychotic symptoms (that characterize CHR state) and cigarette smoking has been recently shown in a study conducted in South London. Nowadays, it is not completely clear how these findings would translate to the CHR population but a better understanding of how physical health parameters could affect psychopathological outcomes could be beneficial for these vulnerable clinical populations. To shed light on the percentage of smokers in CHR populations, an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature has been carried out. Our main aim was to test whether the probability of being a smoker was higher in the CHR subjects or in the control group. Methods The literature search was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We systematically scrutinized from literature inception to 2019 the following on-line databases: Web of Science Core Collection, BIOSIS Citation Index, KCL-Korean Journal Database, MEDLINE, Russian Science Citation Index, SCiELO Citation Index. We have considered all the relevant studies reporting the smoking status in CHR subjects and in control groups. We used the odds ratio (OR) as effect size measure and data were pooled using a random effect approach. Results Preliminary data show that CHR individuals were more likely to use tobacco that matched healthy controls. Specifically, the overall OR of 2.016 (p<.001 95%CI=1.476–2.749) indicated a higher likelihood that CHR individuals would use tobacco compared to controls. Heterogeneity was not significant (I²=30.193 p=0.11). The visual inspection of funnel plots did not reveal a clear suggestion for publication bias and the Egger’s test was non-significant (p=0.10). Discussion Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that is crucial to investigate physical health outcomes such as tobacco use as part of clinical practice in CHR services. Unfortunately, current CHR assessment tools are entirely based on the measurement of psychopathological features and do not include an assessment of these parameters on a regular basis.

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Implementation strategies to improve preconception and antenatal care for tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and weight management: a systematic review protocol

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-019-1193-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emma Doherty ◽

Melanie Kingsland ◽

Luke Wolfenden ◽

John Wiggers ◽

Julia Dray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Antenatal Care ◽

Weight Management ◽

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Implementation Strategy ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

Modifiable Risk Factors ◽

Cochrane Central Register

Abstract Background Despite existing best practice care recommendations for addressing tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and weight management in preconception and antenatal care, such recommendations are often not implemented into routine practice. Effective strategies that target known barriers to implementation are key to reducing this evidence to practice gap. The aim of this review is to synthesise the evidence on the effectiveness of implementation strategies in improving the provision of preconception and antenatal care for these modifiable risk factors. Methods Randomised and non-randomised study designs will be eligible for inclusion if they have a parallel control group. We will include studies that either compare an implementation strategy to usual practice or compare two or more strategies. Participants may include any health service providing preconception or antenatal care to women and/or the health professionals working within such a service. The primary outcome will be any measure of the effectiveness of implementation strategies to improve preconception and/or antenatal care for tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and/or weight management (including care to improve nutrition and/or physical activity). Secondary outcomes will include the effect of the implementation strategy on women’s modifiable risk factors, estimates of absolute costs or cost-effectiveness and any reported unintentional consequences. Eligible studies will be identified via searching Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Maternity and Infant Care, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses and other sources (e.g. contacting experts in the field). Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias will be assessed independently by two review authors and differences resolved by a third reviewer. If data permits, we will conduct fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis where appropriate. If studies do not report the same outcome or there is significant heterogeneity, results will be summarised narratively. Discussion This review will identify which implementation strategies are effective in improving the routine provision of preconception and antenatal care for tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and weight management. Such a review will be of interest to service providers, policy makers and implementation researchers seeking to improve women’s modifiable risk factors in preconception and antenatal care settings. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019131691

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Compliance and Surgical Team Perceptions of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist; Systematic Review

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00105.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 101 (1-2) ◽

pp. 35-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Laltaksh Wangoo ◽

Robin A. Ray ◽

Yik-Hong Ho

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Language ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

World Health ◽

Surgical Team ◽

Initiation Rate ◽

Surgical Safety Checklist ◽

Surgical Safety ◽

Checklist Implementation ◽

Health Organization

This systematic review aimed to assess surgical safety checklist compliance and evaluate surgical team perceptions and attitudes, post-checklist implementation in the operating room. The World Health Organization (WHO) surgical safety checklist (SSC) has decreased complications and mortality. However, it is unclear whether this reduction is influenced by the vicarious enhancement in teamwork, communication, and staff awareness established by SSC implementation. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses model of review guided a search across MEDLINE, PubMed, and Embase databases. English-language studies using any adapted form of the WHO-SSC in operating rooms were reviewed by abstract and full text. Twenty-six studies, 13 assessing SSC compliance and 13 investigating surgical team perceptions of SSC, were evaluated. Compliance studies showed a checklist initiation rate of >90%, but actual observed completion rate varied widely across studies. Sign out was the most poorly performed phase of the checklist (<50%) with time out being the best. Verification of patient identity and procedure demonstrated a high degree (>90%) of compliance across studies, but “verification of team-members” was significantly less compliant. Studies assessing surgical team perceptions found that SSC improved participants' perception of teamwork, communication, patient safety, and staff awareness of adverse events. However, when stakeholders placed differing degrees of importance on SSC completion, results indicated the SSC might actually antagonize team relationships. SSC compliance varies significantly across studies, being highly dependent on staff perceptions, training, and effective leadership. Surgical teams have positive perceptions of SSC; thus with effective implementation strategies, compliance rates across all phases can be substantially improved.

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Implementation strategies for guidelines at ICUs: a systematic review

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance ◽

10.1108/ijhcqa-08-2016-0119 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 358-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Portia Jordan ◽

Ferestas Mpasa ◽

Wilma ten Ham-Baloyi ◽

Candice Bowers

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Critical Appraisal ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

Educational Outreach ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Practical Training ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Content Type ◽

Randomized Controlled

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze empirical studies related to the implementation strategies for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in intensive care units (ICUs). Design/methodology/approach A systematic review with a narrative synthesis adapted from Popay et al.’s method for a narrative synthesis was conducted. A search using CINAHL, Google Scholar, Academic search complete, Cochrane Register for Randomized Controlled Trials, MEDLINE via PUBMED and grey literature was conducted in 2014 and updated in 2016 (August). After reading the abstracts, titles and full-text articles, 11 (n=11) research studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings After critical appraisal, using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Tools, eight randomized controlled trials conducted in adult and neonatal ICUs using implementation strategies remained. Popay et al.’s method for narrative synthesis was adapted and used to analyze and synthesize the data and formulate concluding statements. Included studies found that multi-faceted strategies appear to be more effective than single strategies. Strategies mostly used were printed educational materials, information/ sessions, audit, feedback, use of champion leaders, educational outreach visits, and computer or internet usage. Practical training, monitoring visits and grand rounds were less used. Practical implications Findings can be used by clinicians to implement the best combination of multi-faceted implementation strategies in the ICUs in order to enhance the optimal use of CPGs. Originality/value No systematic review was previously done on the implementation strategies that should be used best for optimal CPG implementation in the ICU.

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Quantifying Patient Portal Use: Systematic Review of Utilization Metrics

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/23493 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. e23493

Author(s):

Lauren L Beal ◽

Jacob M Kolman ◽

Stephen L Jones ◽

Aroub Khleif ◽

Terri Menser

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Impact Factor ◽

Full Text ◽

A Priori ◽

Meaningful Use ◽

Patient Portal ◽

Patient Portals ◽

The Us ◽

Full Text Review ◽

Number Of Citations

Background Use of patient portals has been associated with positive outcomes in patient engagement and satisfaction. Portal studies have also connected portal use, as well as the nature of users’ interactions with portals, and the contents of their generated data to meaningful cost and quality outcomes. Incentive programs in the United States have encouraged uptake of health information technology, including patient portals, by setting standards for meaningful use of such technology. However, despite widespread interest in patient portal use and adoption, studies on patient portals differ in actual metrics used to operationalize and track utilization, leading to unsystematic and incommensurable characterizations of use. No known review has systematically assessed the measurements used to investigate patient portal utilization. Objective The objective of this study was to apply systematic review criteria to identify and compare methods for quantifying and reporting patient portal use. Methods Original studies with quantifiable metrics of portal use published in English between 2014 and the search date of October 17, 2018, were obtained from PubMed using the Medical Subject Heading term “Patient Portals” and related keyword searches. The first search round included full text review of all results to confirm a priori data charting elements of interest and suggest additional categories inductively; this round was supplemented by the retrieval of works cited in systematic reviews (based on title screening of all citations). An additional search round included broader keywords identified during the full-text review of the first round. Second round results were screened at abstract level for inclusion and confirmed by at least two raters. Included studies were analyzed for metrics related to basic use/adoption, frequency of use, duration metrics, intensity of use, and stratification of users into “super user” or high utilizers. Additional categories related to provider (including care team/administrative) use of the portal were identified inductively. Additional analyses included metrics aligned with meaningful use stage 2 (MU-2) categories employed by the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and the association between the number of portal metrics examined and the number of citations and the journal impact factor. Results Of 315 distinct search results, 87 met the inclusion criteria. Of the a priori metrics, plus provider use, most studies included either three (26 studies, 30%) or four (23 studies, 26%) metrics. Nine studies (10%) only reported the patient use/adoption metric and only one study (1%) reported all six metrics. Of the US-based studies (n=76), 18 (24%) were explicitly motivated by MU-2 compliance; 40 studies (53%) at least mentioned these incentives, but only 6 studies (8%) presented metrics from which compliance rates could be inferred. Finally, the number of metrics examined was not associated with either the number of citations or the publishing journal’s impact factor. Conclusions Portal utilization measures in the research literature can fall below established standards for “meaningful” or they can substantively exceed those standards in the type and number of utilization properties measured. Understanding how patient portal use has been defined and operationalized may encourage more consistent, well-defined, and perhaps more meaningful standards for utilization, informing future portal development.

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A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Implementation Strategies to Postpone Elective Caesarean Sections to ≥39+(0-6) Week of Gestation.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-87218/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Prediger ◽

Anahieta Heu-Parvaresch ◽

Stephanie Polus ◽

Stefanie Bühn ◽

Edmund A.M. Neugebauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Narrative Analysis ◽

Implementation Strategy ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

Interrupted Time Series ◽

Risk Difference ◽

Specific Barriers

Abstract Background: Caesarean sections often have no urgent indication and are electively planned. Research showed that elective caesarean section should not be performed until 39+(0-6) week of gestation to ensure best neonatal and maternal health if there are no contraindications. This was recommended by various guidelines published in the last two decades. With this systematic review we are looking for implementation strategies trying to implement these recommendations into clinical practice. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and CINAHL in November 2019. We included studies that assessed implementation strategies aiming to postpone elective caesarean section to ≥39+(0-6) week of gestation. There were no restrictions regarding the type of implementation strategy or reasons for elective caesarean section. Our primary outcome was the rate of elective caesarean sections before 39+(0-6) week of gestation. We did a narrative analysis of the results.Results: We included 9 studies, of which were 2 interrupted time series and 7 before-after studies, covering 205.954 elective caesarean births. All studies included various types of implementation strategies. All implementation strategies showed success in decreasing the rate of elective caesarean sections performed <39+(0-6) week of gestation. Risk difference differed from -7 (95% CI -8; -7) to -45 (95% CI -51; -31). 3 studies reported rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission and showed little reduction.Conclusion: This systematic review shows that all presented implementation strategies to reduce elective caesarean section before 39+(0-6) weeks of gestation are effective. Reduction rates differ widely and it remains unclear which strategy is most successful. Strategies used locally in one hospital seem a little more effective. For planning an implementation strategy to reduce elective caesarean section before 39+(0-6) weeks of gestation it is necessary to consider specific barriers and facilitators and take all obstetric personal into account.Systematic review registration: Registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017078231)

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How to Quantify Patient Portal Use: A Systematic Review of Utilization Metrics (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.23493 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lauren L Beal ◽

Jacob M Kolman ◽

Stephen L Jones ◽

Aroub Khleif ◽

Terri Menser

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

A Priori ◽

Meaningful Use ◽

Research Literature ◽

Patient Portal ◽

Patient Portals ◽

Adoption Studies ◽

Full Text Review ◽

The Usa ◽

October 17

BACKGROUND Use of patient portals has been associated with positive outcomes in patient engagement and satisfaction; portal studies have also connected portal use as well as the nature of users’ interactions with portals and the contents of their generated data to meaningful cost and quality outcomes. Incentive programs in the USA have encouraged uptake of health information technology, including portals, by setting standards for meaningful use of such technology. However, despite widespread interest in patient portal use and adoption, studies on patient portals differ in actual metrics used to operationalize and track utilization, leading to unsystematic and incommensurable characterizations of use. OBJECTIVE No review has systematically assessed the measurements used to investigate patient portal utilization. Therefore, the objective of this study is to apply systematic review criteria to identify and compare methods for quantifying and reporting patient portal use. METHODS Original studies with quantifiable metrics of portal use, available in English between 2014 and the search date of October 17, 2018, were obtained from PubMed, using the Medical Subject Heading term “patient portals” and related keyword searches. The first search round included full text review of all results to confirm a priori data charting elements of interest and suggest additional categories inductively; this round was supplemented by retrieval of works cited in systematic reviews (based on title screening). An additional search round included broader keywords. Studies were screened at abstract-level for inclusion, confirmed by at least two raters. Included studies were analyzed for metrics related to basic use / adoption; frequency of use; duration metrics; intensity; and stratification of users into “super user” or high-utilization types. Additional categories related to provider (including care team / administrative) use of the portal were identified inductively. Analysis of whether metrics aligned with Meaningful Use Stage 2 categories (MU-2) employed by the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services was also conducted. RESULTS Of 315 distinct search results, 87 met inclusion criteria. Of the a priori metrics, plus provider use, most studies included either three types (27 studies, 31.03%) or four types (22, 25.29%) of metrics. Nine studies (10.34%) only reported the patient use / adoption metric, and only one study (1.15%) reported all six. Of the U.S.-based studies (76), 18 were explicitly motivated by MU-2 compliance; 40 (52.63%) at least mentioned these incentives, but only 6 (7.89%) presented metrics from which compliance rates could be inferred. CONCLUSIONS Portal utilization measures in the research literature can fall below established standards for “meaningful” or they can substantively exceed those standards in the type and number of utilization properties measured. Understanding how patient portal use has been defined and operationalized may encourage more consistent, well-defined, and perhaps more meaningful standards for utilization, informing future portal development.

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Treatments for hyperemesis gravidarum and nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a systematic review and economic assessment

Health Technology Assessment ◽

10.3310/hta20740 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (74) ◽

pp. 1-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Amy O’Donnell ◽

Catherine McParlin ◽

Stephen C Robson ◽

Fiona Beyer ◽

Eoin Moloney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Economic Evaluation ◽

High Risk ◽

Vitamin B6 ◽

Citation Index ◽

Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

In Pregnancy

BackgroundNausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) affects up to 85% of all women during pregnancy, but for the majority self-management suffices. For the remainder, symptoms are more severe and the most severe form of NVP – hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) – affects 0.3–1.0% of pregnant women. There is no widely accepted point at which NVP becomes HG.ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the relative clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of treatments for NVP and HG.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux (CAB) Abstracts, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, British Nursing Index, Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, Scopus, Conference Proceedings Index, NHS Economic Evaluation Database, Health Economic Evaluations Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects were searched from inception to September 2014. References from studies and literature reviews identified were also examined.Obstetric Medicinewas hand-searched, as were websites of relevant organisations. Costs came from NHS sources.Review methodsA systematic review of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for effectiveness, and population-based case series for adverse events and fetal outcomes. Treatments: vitamins B6 and B12, ginger, acupressure/acupuncture, hypnotherapy, antiemetics, dopamine antagonists, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists, intravenous (i.v.) fluids, corticosteroids, enteral and parenteral feeding or other novel treatment. Two reviewers extracted data and quality assessed studies. Results were narratively synthesised; planned meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity and incomplete reporting. A simple economic evaluation considered the implied values of treatments.ResultsSeventy-three studies (75 reports) met the inclusion criteria. For RCTs, 33 and 11 studies had a low and high risk of bias respectively. For the remainder (n = 20) it was unclear. The non-randomised studies (n = 9) were low quality. There were 33 separate comparators. The most common were acupressure versus placebo (n = 12); steroid versus usual treatment (n = 7); ginger versus placebo (n = 6); ginger versus vitamin B6 (n = 6); and vitamin B6 versus placebo (n = 4). There was evidence that ginger, antihistamines, metoclopramide (mild disease) and vitamin B6 (mild to severe disease) are better than placebo. Diclectin®[Duchesnay Inc.; doxylamine succinate (10 mg) plus pyridoxine hydrochloride (10 mg) slow release tablet] is more effective than placebo and ondansetron is more effective at reducing nausea than pyridoxine plus doxylamine. Diclectin before symptoms of NVP begin for women at high risk of severe NVP recurrence reduces risk of moderate/severe NVP compared with taking Diclectin once symptoms begin. Promethazine is as, and ondansetron is more, effective than metoclopramide for severe NVP/HG. I.v. fluids help correct dehydration and improve symptoms. Dextrose saline may be more effective at reducing nausea than normal saline. Transdermal clonidine patches may be effective for severe HG. Enteral feeding is effective but extreme method treatment for very severe symptoms. Day case management for moderate/severe symptoms is feasible, acceptable and as effective as inpatient care. For all other interventions and comparisons, evidence is unclear. The economic analysis was limited by lack of effectiveness data, but comparison of costs between treatments highlights the implications of different choices.LimitationsThe main limitations were the quantity and quality of the data available.ConclusionThere was evidence of some improvement in symptoms for some treatments, but these data may not be transferable across disease severities. Methodologically sound and larger trials of the main therapies considered within the UK NHS are needed.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42013006642.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

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A systematic review on the effectiveness of implementation strategies to postpone elective caesarean sections to ≥ 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01718-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Prediger ◽

Anahieta Heu-Parvaresch ◽

Stephanie Polus ◽

Stefanie Bühn ◽

Edmund A. M. Neugebauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Time Series ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Narrative Analysis ◽

Implementation Strategy ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Elective Caesarean Section ◽

Implementation Strategies ◽

Interrupted Time Series ◽

Specific Barriers

Abstract Background Caesarean sections often have no urgent indication and are electively planned. Research showed that elective caesarean section should not be performed until 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation to ensure best neonatal and maternal health if there are no contraindications. This was recommended by various guidelines published in the last two decades. With this systematic review, we are looking for implementation strategies trying to implement these recommendations to reduce elective caesarean section before 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation. Methods We performed a systematic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and CINAHL on 3rd of March 2021. We included studies that assessed implementation strategies aiming to postpone elective caesarean section to ≥ 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation. There were no restrictions regarding the type of implementation strategy or reasons for elective caesarean section. Our primary outcome was the rate of elective caesarean sections before 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation. We used the ROBINS-I Tool for the assessment of risk of bias. We did a narrative analysis of the results. Results We included 10 studies, of which were 2 interrupted time series and 8 before-after studies, covering 205,954 elective caesarean births. All studies included various types of implementation strategies. All implementation strategies showed success in decreasing the rate of elective caesarean sections performed < 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation. Risk difference differed from − 7 (95% CI − 8; − 7) to − 45 (95% CI − 51; − 31). Three studies reported the rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission and showed little reduction. Conclusion This systematic review shows that all presented implementation strategies to reduce elective caesarean section before 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation are effective. Reduction rates differ widely and it remains unclear which strategy is most successful. Strategies used locally in one hospital seem a little more effective. Included studies are either before-after studies (8) or interrupted time series (2) and the overall quality of the evidence is rather low. However, most of the studies identified specific barriers in the implementation process. For planning an implementation strategy to reduce elective caesarean section before 39 + (0–6) weeks of gestation, it is necessary to consider specific barriers and facilitators and take all obstetric personal into account. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42017078231

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