scholarly journals The cost of mental and physical health disability in childhood and adolescence to families in the UK: findings from a repeated cross-sectional survey using propensity score matching

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Solmi ◽  
Mariya Melnychuk ◽  
Stephen Morris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

ObjectiveIn the UK, families of disabled children are entitled to receive disability benefits to help meet costs associated with caring for their child. Evidence of actual costs incurred is scant, especially for mental health disability. In this study, we aimed to quantify the cost of mental and physical health disability in childhood and adolescence to families in the UK using the concept of compensating variation (CV).DesignRepeated cross-sectional survey.SettingThe UK general populationParticipants85 212 children drawn from 8 waves of the Family Resources Survey.OutcomesUsing propensity score matching we matched families with a disabled child to similar families without a disabled child and calculated the extra income the former require to achieve the same living standards as the latter, that is, their CV. We calculated the additional costs specifically associated with several definitions of mental health and physical health disability.ResultsFamilies of a child with any mental health disability, regardless of the presence of physical health comorbidity, needed an additional £49.31 (95% CI: 21.95 to 76.67) and, for more severe disabilities, an additional £57.56 (95% CI: 17.69 to 97.44) per week to achieve the same living standards of families without a disabled child. This difference was greater for more deprived families, who needed between £59.28 (95% CI: 41.38 to 77.18) and £81.26 (95% CI: 53.35 to 109.38) more per week depending on the extent of mental health disability. Families of children with physical health disabilities, with or without mental health disabilities, required an additional £35.86 (95% CI: 13.77 to 57.96) per week, with economically deprived families requiring an extra £42.18 (95% CI: 26.38 to 57.97) per week.ConclusionsMental and physical health disabilities among children and adolescents were associated with high additional costs for the family, especially for those from deprived economic backgrounds. Means testing could help achieve a more equitable redistribution of disability benefit.

scholarly journals What challenges do UK adults face when adhering to COVID-19-related instructions? Cross-sectional survey in a representative sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Keyworth ◽  
Tracy Epton ◽  
Lucie Byrne-Davis ◽  
Jessica Leather ◽  
Chris Armitage
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
The Uk

AimsAdherence to government COVID-19-related instructions is reported to be high, but the psychosocial impacts of measures such as self-isolation and physical distancing could undermine adherence in the longer term. The first step in designing interventions to mitigate the impacts of adhering to COVID-19 related instructions is to identify what are the most prevalent challenges and what characterises the people facing them.MethodA cross-sectional survey was administered to a representative sample of the UK population (N=2,252), of whom n=2,139 (94.9%) reported adhering to the UK government's COVID-19-related instructions, and were included in the final analysis. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression.ResultsOf the people who reported adhering to UK government's COVID-19-related instructions, 80.3% reported experiencing challenges. Adults aged 55 years or over (OR=1.939, 95%CI 1.331-2.825) and men (OR=0.489, 95%CI 0.393-0.608) were least likely to report challenges. Adjusting to changes in daily routine (reported by 48.7% of the sample), mental health (reported by 41.4% of the sample) and physical health (reported by 31.5% of the sample) were the most prevalent challenges. ConclusionsFor the first time, the present study quantifies the extent to which people experienced challenges in relation to adhering to government COVID-19-related instructions. Few people reported experiencing no challenges when adhering to COVID-19-related instructions. Interventions to address the effects of changes in daily routine, mental health challenges, and physical health challenges should be prioritised, with a focus on women and adults aged younger than 55 years.

scholarly journals Use of online cultural content for mental health and well-being during COVID-19 restrictions: cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Syed Sheriff ◽  
Helen Adams ◽  
Evgenia Riga ◽  
Andrew K. Przybylski ◽  
Laura Bonsaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Online Culture ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
June July ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Health And Well Being

Aims and method To gain a deeper understanding of the use of online culture and its potential benefits to mental health and well-being, sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported data on usage, perceived mental health benefits and health status were collected in an online cross-sectional survey during COVID-19 restrictions in the UK in June–July 2020. Results In total, 1056 people completed the survey. A high proportion of participants reported finding online culture helpful for mental health; all but one of the benefits were associated with regular use and some with age. Reported benefits were wide-ranging and interconnected. Those aged under 25 years were less likely to be regular users of online culture or to have increased their use during lockdown. Clinical implications There may be benefits in targeting cultural resources for mental health to vulnerable groups such as young adults.

scholarly journals The Differences of the Psychological Status of the Public Between Hubei Provinces and Other Provinces After the COVID-19 Outbreak: a Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Du ◽  
Yingjie Ouyang ◽  
Yunge Li ◽  
Manxi He ◽  
Ting Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public

Abstract Background: Assessing the psychological status of public from different areas after the COVID-19 outbreak in China and analyzing the risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey via online questionnaires was conducted. Occurrence of pressure, anxiety and depression were measured with Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Results: The study included 3300 participants, with 1644 from Hubei and 1656 from outside Hubei. The rates of anxiety and depression among subjects from Hubei were 59.6% and 52.3%, while the corresponding rates for those outside Hubei were 44.4% and 46.6%. The scores of PSS, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 in Hubei were significantly higher than those in other areas (t = 3.823, 5.860, 2.211; P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that among the participants from Hubei, the higher the educational background, the history of psychosis, the worse their physical health, the COVID-19 infected, isolated, and their families infected with the COVID-19, their mental health was relatively poor. In the participants outside Hubei, the more unstable their marriage status, the worse their physical health, isolated, and their families infected with the COVID-19, the worse their mental health level. Conclusions: The stress, anxiety, and depression of the public in Hubei are more prominent and the factors that affect their mental health are more complex. When conducting psychological intervention on the general public, we still need to formulate special intervention plans according to the different characteristics of different groups of people to provide them with appropriate crisis intervention services.

scholarly journals When Love Hurts – Mental and Physical Health Among Recently Divorced Danes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Sander ◽  
Jenna Marie Strizzi ◽  
Camilla S. Øverup ◽  
Ana Cipric ◽  
Gert Martin Hald
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partner Status ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

The last decades of research have consistently found strong associations between divorce and adverse health outcomes among adults. However, limitations of a majority of this research include (a) lack of “real-time” research, i.e., research employing data collected very shortly after juridical divorce where little or no separation periods have been effectuated, (b) research employing thoroughly validated and population-normed measures against which study results can be compared, and (c) research including a comprehensive array of previously researched sociodemographic- and divorce-related variables. The current cross-sectional study, including 1,856 recently divorced Danes, was designed to bridge these important gaps in the literature. Mental and physical health were measured using the Short Form 36 (SF-36)-2. Analyses included correlational analyses, t-test comparisons, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The study found that the health-related quality of life of Danish divorcees was significantly worse than the comparative background population immediately following divorce. Across gender, higher levels of divorce conflict were found to predict worse mental health, and worse physical health for women, even when controlling for other socio-demographic variables and divorce characteristics. Among men, lower age and higher income predicted better physical health, while more children, more previous divorces, participant divorce initiation, new partner status, and lower levels of divorce conflict predicted better mental health. Among women, higher income, fewer previous divorces, new partner status, and lower levels of divorce conflict predicted better physical health while higher income, participant divorce initiation, new partner status, and lower levels of divorce conflict predicted better mental health. The findings underscore the relevance of providing assistance to divorcees who experience higher levels of divorce conflict immediately following divorce, in seeking to reduce potential long-term negative health effects of divorce.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Walkability and Physical and Mental Health among Older Adults Living in a Deprived Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 620-621
Author(s):  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Jennifer Blackwood ◽  
Shailee Shah ◽  
Noah Webster
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Walking Programs

Abstract Background Identifying the factors to improve the quality of life (QOL) is vital to decrease morbidity and mortality rates among older adults. Although unfavorable neighborhood features have a significant negative impact on QOL, few studies have investigated these relationships in a deprived community. The purpose of the study was to understand how neighborhood walkability is associated with QOL using the SF-36 among urban-dwelling older adults. Methods This is a cross-sectional survey. Participants were recruited in 2018 and 2019 at regional health clinics in Flint, MI. To be eligible, participants had to be over 65 years old and Flint residents. Results Of the 132 participants, the majority were female (66%), African American (77%), single, divorced, or widowed (75%), and educated below GED level (84%). After adjusting for gender, assistive device use, medication, and the Supplemental Security Income receipt, multiple regression analysis revealed that those with better perceptions of land-mixed use and accessibility within their neighborhood were more likely to have better physical health (β = .36, p&lt;.05). However, the perceptions of greater pedestrian safety were associated with the poor physical and mental health (PCS; β = -0.19, p &lt;.05; MCS; β = -0.25, p &lt; .05). Perceptions of the presence of walking hazards and crime were not significantly associated with QOL. Discussion Findings suggest that neighborhood walkability characteristics are associated with physical health. The development of walking programs with accessible neighborhoods will be urgent to improve the health-related QOL for older adults living in a targeted community.

scholarly journals Major risk factors for sexual minority young people’s mental and physical health: findings from a county-wide school-based health needs assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. e274-e282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Clarke ◽  
J Beenstock ◽  
J N Lukacs ◽  
L Turner ◽  
M Limmer
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Abstract Background Childhood health is an important adult health predictor. Sexual orientation is increasingly recognized as influential on children and young people’s (CYP) mental and physical health. Methods Data came from a cross-sectional survey of year 9 children attending schools in two local authorities in the north-west of England, including mental and physical health indicators, and demographic characteristics including sexual orientation. The sample of 8058 represented 67.8% of the eligible population. Data were analysed by sexual orientation, sexual majority or sexual minority. Results Children reporting their sexual orientation as sexual minority reported worse mental and physical health outcomes and behaviours than sexual majority peers; had higher odds of being lonely (odds ratios (OR) = 8.24, 95% C.I.: 6.56–10.37), having self-harmed (OR = 7.28, 95% C.I.: 5.78–9.15), being bullied (OR = 4.76, 95% C.I.: 3.74–6.05) or perceiving themselves as overweight (OR = 2.40, 95% C.I.: 1.89–3.06). Conclusions It is important to identify and support children in a sexual minority. Research is required to understand differences between children within sexual minorities and the impact on outcomes and rights. Health and social policy and services, should respond to the vulnerabilities of sexual minority CYP.

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