scholarly journals Effects of screentime on the health and well-being of children and adolescents: a systematic review of reviews

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neza Stiglic ◽  
Russell M Viner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Review Of Reviews ◽  
Health And Well Being

ObjectivesTo systematically examine the evidence of harms and benefits relating to time spent on screens for children and young people’s (CYP) health and well-being, to inform policy.MethodsSystematic review of reviews undertaken to answer the question ‘What is the evidence for health and well-being effects of screentime in children and adolescents (CYP)?’ Electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews in February 2018. Eligible reviews reported associations between time on screens (screentime; any type) and any health/well-being outcome in CYP. Quality of reviews was assessed and strength of evidence across reviews evaluated.Results13 reviews were identified (1 high quality, 9 medium and 3 low quality). 6 addressed body composition; 3 diet/energy intake; 7 mental health; 4 cardiovascular risk; 4 for fitness; 3 for sleep; 1 pain; 1 asthma. We found moderately strong evidence for associations between screentime and greater obesity/adiposity and higher depressive symptoms; moderate evidence for an association between screentime and higher energy intake, less healthy diet quality and poorer quality of life. There was weak evidence for associations of screentime with behaviour problems, anxiety, hyperactivity and inattention, poorer self-esteem, poorer well-being and poorer psychosocial health, metabolic syndrome, poorer cardiorespiratory fitness, poorer cognitive development and lower educational attainments and poor sleep outcomes. There was no or insufficient evidence for an association of screentime with eating disorders or suicidal ideation, individual cardiovascular risk factors, asthma prevalence or pain. Evidence for threshold effects was weak. We found weak evidence that small amounts of daily screen use is not harmful and may have some benefits.ConclusionsThere is evidence that higher levels of screentime is associated with a variety of health harms for CYP, with evidence strongest for adiposity, unhealthy diet, depressive symptoms and quality of life. Evidence to guide policy on safe CYP screentime exposure is limited.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018089483.

scholarly journals Cognitive interventions in mature and older adults, benefits for psychological well-being and quality of life: a systematic review study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-439
Author(s):  
Thais Bento Lima da Silva ◽  
Gabriela dos Santos ◽  
Ana Paula Bagli Moreira ◽  
Graciela Akina Ishibashi ◽  
Cássia Elisa Rossetto Verga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Cognitive Interventions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Search Terms

ABSTRACT Few recently published studies investigating the benefits of educational and cognitive interventions on quality of life (QoL), psychological well-being, and depressive symptoms are available. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of educational and cognitive interventions on psychological well-being, QoL, and mood in mature and older adults without dementia and/or with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: The systematic review took place from September to October 2020 and the following databases were used to select the studies: SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, and Medline. The search terms used were idos* AND “treino cognitivo” AND “bem-estar psicológico” AND “qualidade de vida” and their corresponding translations in English and Spanish. Results: Of the 241 articles retrieved, 26 primary studies were included in the review. Of these, 18 showed improvement in QoL, psychological well-being, or cognition. Conclusions: The studies reported beneficial effects of educational and cognitive interventions for QoL, psychological well-being, and depressive symptoms of mature and older adults without dementia or depression.

scholarly journals Protocol for a systematic review of instruments for the assessment of quality of life and well-being in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e015924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Mpundu-Kaambwa ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Elisabeth Huynh ◽  
Remo Russo ◽  
Julie Ratcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Economic Evaluations

IntroductionCerebral palsy is the most common cause of physical disability in children and adolescents and is associated with impairments that may reduce the quality of life (QOL) of this population. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can facilitate the assessment of the effect of disease and treatment on QOL, from a patient viewpoint. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify PROMs that are used to measure QOL and subjective well-being (SWB) outcomes in young people with cerebral palsy and to evaluate the suitability of these PROMs for application in economic evaluations within this population.Methods and analysisMEDLINE, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, EconLit, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE and Informit will be systematically searched from inception to date of search. Published peer-reviewed, English-language articles reporting PROMs measuring QOL or SWB outcomes in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy will be included. One reviewer will conduct the initial search and screen titles and abstracts for potentially eligible studies. The search will be performed in November 2017. To reduce the likelihood of reviewer selection bias, two other reviewers will independently screen a randomly selected subsample (10%) of the citations. Two reviewers will then retrieve full texts of potentially eligible studies and assess them against predefined inclusion criteria. The suitability of selected PROMs for use in economic evaluations of young people with cerebral palsy will be assessed using the International Society of Quality of Life Research recommended Minimum Standards and the Patient-Centered Outcomes and Comparative Effectiveness Research checklist. A narrative synthesis of extracted data will be presented including study descriptive data, PROMs measurement properties, settings in which they were applied and the valuation methods. Recommendations for practice on the selection of PROMs for use in economic evaluations of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy will be presented.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required as the proposed systematic review will not use primary data. The results of this study will be widely disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and conference presentation(s).Systematic review registration numberInternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews number: CRD42016049746.

The effectiveness of hope-fostering interventions in palliative care: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632199472
Author(s):  
Natalia Salamanca-Balen ◽  
Thomas V Merluzzi ◽  
Man Chen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: The concept of hope is an important theme in chronic illness and palliative care and has been associated with increased psycho-spiritual well-being and quality of life. Psycho-spiritual interventions have been described in this population, but no systematic review of hope-enhancing interventions or hopelessness-reducing interventions has been conducted for persons with palliative care diseases. Aim: To describe and assess the effectiveness of interventions in palliative care that measure hope and/or hopelessness as an outcome. Design: This systematic review and meta-analysis was pre-registered (Prospero ID: CRD42019119956). Data sources: Electronic databases, journals, and references were searched. We used the Cochrane criteria to assess the risk of bias within studies. Results: Thirty-five studies (24 randomized controlled trials, 5 quasi-experimental, 6 pre-post studies) involving a total of 3296 palliative care patients were included. Compared with usual/standard cancer care alone, interventions significantly increased hope levels at a medium effect size ( g = 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28–0.93) but did not significantly reduce hopelessness ( g = −0.08, 95% CI = −0.18 to 0.02). It was found that interventions significantly increase spirituality ( g = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.02–1.37) and decrease depression ( g = −0.29, 95% CI = −0.51 to −0.07), but had no significant effect over anxiety, quality of life, and symptom burden. Overall, quality of evidence across the included studies was rated as low. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that interventions can be effective in increasing hope in palliative care patients.

scholarly journals Monitoring Health Parameters of Elders to Support Independent Living and Improve Their Quality of Life

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Ilia Adami ◽  
Michalis Foukarakis ◽  
Stavroula Ntoa ◽  
Nikolaos Partarakis ◽  
Nikolaos Stefanakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Health And Well Being

Improving the well-being and quality of life of the elderly population is closely related to assisting them to effectively manage age-related conditions such as chronic illnesses and anxiety, and to maintain their independence and self-sufficiency as much as possible. This paper presents the design, architecture and implementation structure of an adaptive system for monitoring the health and well-being of the elderly. The system was designed following best practices of the Human-Centred Design approach involving representative end-users from the early stages.

Quality of Life in Chilean Transgender Children and Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Mendoza ◽  
Helena Poggi ◽  
Mónica Flores ◽  
Cristóbal Morales ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Aguayo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being

Introduction: Transgender (TG) children and adolescents experience problems in school as well as with family and social relationships that can adversely affect their physical and psychosocial health and impair their quality of life (QOL). This study aims to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in TG children. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study comparing HRQoL in gender nonconforming (Trans) and gender conforming (CIS) children and adolescents using the Spanish version of KIDSCREEN-52 in 120 Chilean Trans and CIS children (aged 8–18 years) and their parents. All scores were standardized according to the KIDSCREEN manual. Results: Among the 100 questionnaires answered, 38 corresponded to children and adolescents aged 8.4–18 years. Twenty-one of them were TG (71% trans males) and 17 were CIS (76% females). Sixty-two parents answered the questionnaires: 33 from families of TG children (PTrans) and 29 from families of CIS children (PCis). Trans children had lower HRQOL scores in all domains compared to CIS children. The lowest-scoring domains for TG children were “Moods and Emotions”, “Psychological Well-Being” and “Social Acceptance”, and the highest-scoring domain was “School Environment”. The PTrans group had significantly higher scores than the Trans group for 3 of the 10 domains: “Psychological Well-Being”, “Moods and Emotions”, and “Parent Relations and Home Life”. Conclusion: Our results revealed that TG children and adolescents have lower QOL than their CIS counterparts, especially regarding items related to mental health. Furthermore, their parents may underestimate their well-being, confirming the vulnerability of the TG population. This finding underlies the need to perform early assessments of QOL for early detection and intervention in aspects that could deteriorate their quality of life.

Medical technology: A systematic review on medical devices utilized for epilepsy prediction and management

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen Sze Ong ◽  
Shuet Nee Wong ◽  
Alina Arulsamy ◽  
Jessica L. Watterson ◽  
Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Death ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Wearable Medical

: Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder that affects nearly 70 million people worldwide. Epilepsy causes uncontrollable, unprovoked and unpredictable seizures that reduces the quality of life of those afflicted, with 1-9 epileptic patient deaths per 1000 patient occurring annually due to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Predicting the onset of seizures and managing them may help patients from harming themselves and may improve their well-being. For a long time, electroencephalography (EEG) devices have been the mainstay for seizure detection and monitoring. This systematic review aimed to elucidate and critically evaluate the latest advancements of medical devices, besides EEG, that have been proposed for the management and prediction of epileptic seizures. A literature search was performed on three databases; PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE. Following title/abstract screening by two independent reviewers, 27 articles were selected for critical analysis in this review. These articles revealed ambulatory, non-invasive and wearable medical devices such as the in-ear EEG devices, the accelerometer-based devices and the subcutaneous implanted EEG devices might be more acceptable than traditional EEG systems. In addition, extracerebral signal-based devices may be more efficient than EEG-based systems, especially when combined with an intervention trigger. Although further studies may still be required to improve and validate these proposed systems before commercialization, these findings may give hope to epileptic patients, particularly those with refractory epilepsy, to predict and manage their seizures. The use of medical devices for epilepsy may improve patients' independence and quality of life and possibly prevent sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).

Does traumatic dental injury impact oral health‐related to quality of life of children and adolescents? Systematic review and meta‐analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes ◽  
Helena Marins Lemos ◽  
Ana Júlia Milani ◽  
Ludmila Silva Guimarães ◽  
Erika Calvano Küchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dental Injury ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals Parent-reported sleep problems in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease: relationship to health-related quality of life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serkan Gunes ◽  
Rahime Aldemir ◽  
Adem Gunes ◽  
Ozalp Ekinci
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

IntroductionChildren with sickle cell disease (SCD) can present a variety of clinical symptoms that may affect their sleep and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aims to investigate the relation between sleep problems and HRQOL in children and adolescents with SCD.Material and methodsThe sample included 86 children and adolescents in the SCD patient group and 82 healthy controls, with an age range of 8-16 years. Subjects for the study were recruited from the Sickle Cell and Thalassemia Center of Hatay State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to evaluate sleep problems and Kinder Lebens­qualitätsfragebogen: Children’s Quality of Life Questionnaire – revis­ed (KINDL-R) was used to examine HRQOL.ResultsTotal score, bedtime resistance, and night waking subscores of CSHQ were significantly higher in children with SCD when compared to healthy children. Total score, physical well-being, emotional well-being, social, and school subscores of KINDL-R were significantly lower in the patient group. Among SCD children, total score, bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, daytime sleepiness, and parasomnias subscores of CSHQ were negatively correlated with KINDL-R total score. In the regression model, disease severity and CSHQ total score had significant negative associations with KINDL-R total score.ConclusionsSleep problems in SCD children appear to be negatively linked with HRQOL. Disease severity and sleep problems may be predictors of overall HRQOL in children and adolescents with SCD.

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