scholarly journals How far do we still need to go? A survey on knowledge, attitudes, practice related to antimicrobial stewardship regulations among Chinese doctors in 2012 and 2016

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruyu Xia ◽  
Xiaoyang Hu ◽  
Merlin Willcox ◽  
Xinxue Li ◽  
Yuxiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mobile Phone Application ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Positive Effect

ObjectivesTo explore doctors’ knowledge, willingness, concerns and the countermeasures to the most stringent antimicrobial stewardship regulations of China which implemented in August 2012.DesignCross-sectional survey. A pretested 32-point structured questionnaire was distributed to doctors by sending a web link via the mobile phone application WeChat through snowball sampling methods and email groups of medical academic societies.SettingChina.ParticipantsDoctors.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe questionnaire inquired about the doctors’ experiences, knowledge, willingness, concerns and the countermeasures to the stewardship policies.ResultsTotal of persons in the groups was 19 791, among them 1194 submitted the answers, within them, 807 were doctors. Doctors had a mean age of 39.0 years. The majority (78.9% in 2012, 89.1% in 2016) reported that they were willing or very willing to accept the regulations. Almost all respondents (93.2%) felt the stewardship regulations had the potential to adversely affect the prognosis of patients who would have been prescribed antimicrobials before they were implemented, and >65% (65.7% in 2012, 66.9% in 2016) of doctors were often or always concerned about the prognosis of these patients. In 2012, 32% of doctors prescribed restricted antimicrobials or suggested patient self-medication with restricted antimicrobials to address doctors’ concerns, and this number decreased to 22.6% in 2016. Although compulsory antimicrobial stewardship training was frequent, less than half of respondents (46.8%) responded correctly to all three knowledge questions.ConclusionAntimicrobial stewardship regulations had some positive effect on rational antimicrobial use. Willingness and practice of doctors towards the regulations improved from 2012 to 2016. Knowledge about rational antimicrobial use was still lacking. Doctors found ways of accessing restricted antibiotics to address their concerns about the prognosis of patients, which undermined the implementation of the stewardship regulations.

Antimicrobial Stewardship Barriers and Goals in Pediatric Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Survey of Antimicrobial Stewardship Practitioners

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Wolf ◽  
Yilun Sun ◽  
Li Tang ◽  
Jason G. Newland ◽  
Jeffrey S. Gerber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Location Strategies

We undertook a cross-sectional survey of antimicrobial stewardship clinicians in North America and Australasia regarding practices, goals, and barriers to implementation of stewardship for pediatric oncology patients. Goals and barriers were similar regardless of clinician or institutional characteristics and geographic location. Strategies addressing these factors could help optimize antimicrobial use.Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2016;37(3):343–347

scholarly journals Knowledge of Antimicrobial Resistance among Veterinary Students and Their Personal Antibiotic Use Practices: A National Cross-Sectional Survey

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail A. Odetokun ◽  
Uduak Akpabio ◽  
Nma B. Alhaji ◽  
Khalid T. Biobaku ◽  
Nurudeen O. Oloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contributory Factors

The challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is grave in developing countries. Antimicrobials are misused yet stakeholders’ contribution to antimicrobial stewardship is low. Veterinary students are future prescribers and their knowledge could influence progress in combating AMR; hence, there is a need to assess their knowledge, attitude, and awareness of AMR. A multi-institutional questionnaire was administered to undergraduates in Nigerian veterinary schools. It comprised demographics, own personal antibiotic usage, and knowledge, attitude, and awareness of AMR in humans and animals. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analyses. Of the 426 respondents, 39.2% reported personal antimicrobial use in the previous six months. Over 60% received knowledge scores lower than average and >87% requested more education on clinical use and prescriptions pre-graduation, monitored dispensing of antimicrobials, conducting AMR research, and confirmed link among human, animal, and environmental health. Less than 25% of respondents were aware of antimicrobial stewardship and global efforts/organizations for AMR. Final year students have 9-fold and 14-fold more satisfactory knowledge on antimicrobials in humans and animals compared with other students, respectively (p = 0.001). Final year students also have more knowledge (13×) and awareness of contributory factors (3×) on AMR (p = 0.001) than other students. Unsatisfactory knowledge on AMR issues exists among veterinary students yet willingness to improve was observed. Identified knowledge, attitude, and gaps in AMR awareness should be targeted by veterinary schools in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Cross-Sectional Survey Assessing the Perceptions and Practices of Community Pharmacists in Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Asfaw Erku
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Almost All

Background. Community pharmacists are key healthcare professionals for antimicrobial stewardship programs owing to their role in dispensing of antimicrobials. The aim of the present study was to assess the perception and practices of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in Ethiopia.Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by selecting pharmacy sites through stratified simple random sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.Results. Majority of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that AMS program is vital for the improvement of patient care. Almost all of respondents agreed that pharmacists can play a prominent role in AMS and infection prevention (93.2%, median = 5; IQR = 2–5). However, only 26.5% of respondents strongly agreed or agreed that AMS should be practiced at community pharmacy level (median = 4, IQR = 1–3) and more than half of community pharmacists (59.9%) often/always dispense antimicrobial without a prescription.Conclusion. The present study revealed positive perceptions and practices of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial stewardship. Yet, some weak areas like integration of AMS program in community pharmacies, the significance of interprofessional involvement, and dispensing of antimicrobials without a valid prescription still need improvement.

scholarly journals Implementation of Infection Prevention and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Cardiac Electrophysiology Laboratories: Results from the SHEA Research Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Mehrotra ◽  
Kalpana Gupta ◽  
Judith Strymish ◽  
Daniel B. Kramer ◽  
Anne Lambert-Kerzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Infection prevention in electrophysiology (EP) laboratories is poorly characterized; thus, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using the SHEA Research Network. We found limited uptake of basic interventions, such as surveillance and appropriate peri-procedural antimicrobial use. Further study is needed to identify ways to improve infection prevention in this setting.

scholarly journals Use of the FacebookTM social network in data collection and dissemination of evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Vieira ◽  
Denise Margaret Harrison ◽  
Mariana Bueno ◽  
Natalia Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Intent To Use ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Future Method ◽  
Skin To Skin

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of the FacebookTM platform as a means of disseminating a video in Portuguese demonstrating the use of three interventions of pain management (breastfeeding, skin-to-skin contact, and sweet solutions) during minor procedures, and to evaluate prior knowledge, the range, dissemination and intent to use the strategies in the future. Method: This is a cross-sectional survey, which used the "virtual snowball" sampling method, aimed at parents and health professionals caring for neonates. The study was conducted in Brazil, through a FacebookTM page (https://www.facebook.com/sejadocecomosbebes), in which the video and a brief questionnaire were posted. Results: After three months the page reached 28,364 "views", in 45 municipalities across Brazil, 1531 people accessed the page, 709 responses to the questionnaires, 1126 "likes", and multiple positive comments. Almost all viewers (99.71%) answered they would use one of the pain reducing strategies. Conclusion: Our results indicate that using FacebookTM to deliver and evaluate an intervention is feasible, rapid in obtaining responses at a low cost, and it is promising for data collection and knowledge dissemination.

scholarly journals Disposal Practices of Unused and Leftover Medicines in the Households of Dhaka Metropolis

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Mst. Marium Begum ◽  
Sanzana Fareen Rivu ◽  
Md. Mahmud Al Hasan ◽  
Tasnova Tasnim Nova ◽  
Md. Motiar Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Government Officials ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Finding Study ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Medicine Disposal

Background: This fact-finding study aimed to attain an overall idea and knowledge about medicine disposal practices in Dhaka Metropolitan households. Methods: This mixed study (both quantitative and qualitative) was orchestrated to inspect the household leftover medicine disposal pattern’s governing status. A cross-sectional survey was conducted following a structured questionnaire and key informant interview with a household person and in-depth interviews with the top pharmaceutical and government officials. Results: Findings disclose that, for most of the key informants, the terms “drug disposal” and “drug pollution” were unknown; more precisely, 67% and 74% of key informants even did not hear these two terms. Almost all (87%) households faced undesired incidents due to the insecure storage of medicines. People disposed of excess and expired medication in regular dustbins (47%), threw out of the window (19%), flushed within commode (4%), burnt in fire (2%), and reused (4%). A good percentage of people (21%) returned unexpired drugs to the pharmacy and bought other medicines on a need basis. A total of 72% wanted a medicine take-back program, and 100% agreed on mass education on this issue. Officials of pharmaceuticals conferred mixed opinion: top-ranked pharmaceuticals will adopt leftover medicine disposal practices; middle and low-ranked pharmaceutical companies are reluctant, merely denied mentioning the less important issue. Conclusions: The absence of mass awareness and standard laws and policies may explain these existing aberrant practices.

scholarly journals Population-based cross-sectional prevalence survey of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in Sohag—Egypt, 2019

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e047757
Author(s):  
Heba AlSawahli ◽  
Caleb D Mpyet ◽  
Gamal Ezzelarab ◽  
Ibrahim Hassanin ◽  
Mohammad Shalaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and sight-threatening conditions among persons with DM aged 50 years and older in Sohag governorate in Upper Egypt.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional survey using the standardised Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness with the addition of the Diabetic Retinopathy module methodology.SettingsSohag governorate in Egypt where 68 clusters were selected using probability proportional to population size. Households were selected using the compact segment technique.Participants4078 people aged 50 years and older in 68 clusters were enrolled, of which 4033 participants had their random blood sugar checked and 843 examined for features of DR.Primary and secondary outcomesThe prevalence of DM and DR; secondary outcome was the coverage with diabetic eye care.ResultsThe prevalence of DM was 20.9% (95% CI 19.3% to 22.5%). The prevalence in females (23.8%; 95% CI 21.4% to 26.3%) was significantly higher than in males (18.9%; 95% CI 17.1% to 20.7%) (p=0.0001). Only 38.8% of persons diagnosed with diabetes had good control of DM. The prevalence of DR in the sample was 17.9% (95% CI 14.7% to 21.1%). The prevalence in females was higher (18.9%; 95% CI 14.0% to 23.8%) than in males (17.1%; 95% CI 13.0% to 21.2%). Up to 85.3% of study participants have never had eye examination. Sight-threatening DR (R4 and/or M2) was detected in 5.2% (95% CI 3.4% to 7.0%) with only 2.3% having had laser treatment.ConclusionThe prevalence of uncontrolled DM in Sohag governorate in Egypt is higher than the national prevalence. There is a high prevalence of sight-threatening retinopathy and/or maculopathy with few people having access to diabetic eye care. A public health approach is needed for health promotion, early detection and management of DR.

scholarly journals For which population groups will strong identification and thus eHealth services use not be possible?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Vehko ◽  
E Lilja ◽  
S Parikka ◽  
A-M Aalto ◽  
H M Kuusio
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Digital Services ◽  
Operating Environments ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background Digital services are expected to improve the availability of public social and health care services in many European countries as well as in Finland. eHealth and eWelfare services often require strong electronic identification which may form barriers in the availability of care. This study focuses on recognising population groups who are vulnerable to exclusion either by not having access to web or by lacking a strong electronic identification. Methods The data were gathered from the cross-sectional survey on well-being among people aged 20-64 with foreign background (PFB) (FinMonik), conducted in Finland 2018-19 (N = 12 877; response rate 53%). The data from the National survey of health, well-being and service use (FinSote 2017-18) were used as reference data for the overall population, (N = 26 422, response rate 45%). Surveys asked respondents “Do you have at your disposal internet access at home, your workplace, library or some other place?” and 'Do you have at your disposal online banking codes or a mobile certificate for electronic identification online?”. PFB were defined by background country into seven country-groups. The age-standardized proportions with confidence intervals were examined by socio-demographic background variables. Results Almost all (98%) of the overall population reported access to internet, but the proportion was lower (92%) among PFB (p < 0.001). Proportion of having a strong electronic identification was higher among general population (98%) than among PFB (88%) (p < 0.001). In both populations, younger age increased the likelihood of having a strong electronic identification. PFB students reported lower level of strong electronic identification compared to the employed. Conclusions Although most had access to internet and a strong identification, there were statistically significant differences between country-groups and by employment status. Key messages Designing and developing of eHealth and eWelfare services must ensure that everyone has the opportunity to have a strong electronic identification. Development of digital services requires user guidance, which takes into account the varying needs and operating environments.

scholarly journals Health Care for Mitochondrial Disorders in Canada: A Survey of Physicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Paik ◽  
Matthew A. Lines ◽  
Pranesh Chakraborty ◽  
Sara D. Khangura ◽  
Maureen Latocki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Mitochondrial Disorders ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
Physician Care

ABSTRACT:Background:An improved understanding of diagnostic and treatment practices for patients with rare primary mitochondrial disorders can support benchmarking against guidelines and establish priorities for evaluative research. We aimed to describe physician care for patients with mitochondrial diseases in Canada, including variation in care.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Canadian physicians involved in the diagnosis and/or ongoing care of patients with mitochondrial diseases. We used snowball sampling to identify potentially eligible participants, who were contacted by mail up to five times and invited to complete a questionnaire by mail or internet. The questionnaire addressed: personal experience in providing care for mitochondrial disorders; diagnostic and treatment practices; challenges in accessing tests or treatments; and views regarding research priorities.Results:We received 58 survey responses (52% response rate). Most respondents (83%) reported spending 20% or less of their clinical practice time caring for patients with mitochondrial disorders. We identified important variation in diagnostic care, although assessments frequently reported as diagnostically helpful (e.g., brain magnetic resonance imaging, MRI/MR spectroscopy) were also recommended in published guidelines. Approximately half (49%) of participants would recommend “mitochondrial cocktails” for all or most patients, but we identified variation in responses regarding specific vitamins and cofactors. A majority of physicians recommended studies on the development of effective therapies as the top research priority.Conclusions:While Canadian physicians’ views about diagnostic care and disease management are aligned with published recommendations, important variations in care reflect persistent areas of uncertainty and a need for empirical evidence to support and update standard protocols.

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