scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of anaemia in children aged 6–23 months in rural Qinghai, China: findings from a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e031021
Author(s):  
Yiwen Huang ◽  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Junsheng Huo ◽  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Registration Number

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of anaemia among children aged 6–23 months in a rural county in China, and to explore the influencing factors and the main causes of anaemia.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingHuzhu County in Qinghai Province, ChinaParticipantsWe selected 38 sampled villages using Proportional to Population Size sampling method. We obtained the name list of children aged 6–23 months in each sampled village and planned to survey all the eligible children aged 6–23 months and their caregivers.Primary and secondary outcomes measuresThe prevalence of anaemia, the influencing factors of anaemia, the laboratory tests for biological causes of anaemia, including serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, folic acid, homocysteine and vitamin B12.ResultsA total of 754 children aged 6–23 months and their caregivers were surveyed, and 183 anaemic children aged 12–23 months were collected venous blood sample. The anaemia prevalence of children aged 6–23 months in Huzhu County was 59.1%. Children of younger age (OR=0.968, 95% CI 0.940 to 0.998), Tibetan nationality (OR=3.123, 95% CI 1.473 to 6.623) and not introducing meat (OR=0.698, 95% CI 0.499 to 0.976) were more likely to be anaemic. More than 80% of children with anaemia were due to iron deficiency (ID), and 20.2% of them had both iron and folic acid deficiencies.ConclusionsThe anaemia prevalence of children aged 6–23 months in Huzhu County was high and children of younger age, Tibetan nationality and not introducing meat were more likely to be anaemic. The main cause of anaemia was nutritional anaemia, with the vast majority being ID. Interventions of feeding counselling and nutrients supplements are appropriate and should be further strengthened.Trial registration numberChiCTRPRC12002444.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and asymptomatic viral carriage in healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1089-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Shields ◽  
Sian E Faustini ◽  
Marisol Perez-Toledo ◽  
Sian Jossi ◽  
Erin Aldera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Internal ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectiveTo determine the rates of asymptomatic viral carriage and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in healthcare workers.DesignA cross-sectional study of asymptomatic healthcare workers undertaken on 24/25 April 2020.SettingUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHBFT), UK.Participants545 asymptomatic healthcare workers were recruited while at work. Participants were invited to participate via the UHBFT social media. Exclusion criteria included current symptoms consistent with COVID-19. No potential participants were excluded.InterventionParticipants volunteered a nasopharyngeal swab and a venous blood sample that were tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein antibodies, respectively. Results were interpreted in the context of prior illnesses and the hospital departments in which participants worked.Main outcome measureProportion of participants demonstrating infection and positive SARS-CoV-2 serology.ResultsThe point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 viral carriage was 2.4% (n=13/545). The overall seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 24.4% (n=126/516). Participants who reported prior symptomatic illness had higher seroprevalence (37.5% vs 17.1%, χ2=21.1034, p<0.0001) and quantitatively greater antibody responses than those who had remained asymptomatic. Seroprevalence was greatest among those working in housekeeping (34.5%), acute medicine (33.3%) and general internal medicine (30.3%), with lower rates observed in participants working in intensive care (14.8%). BAME (Black, Asian and minority ethnic) ethnicity was associated with a significantly increased risk of seropositivity (OR: 1.92, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.23, p=0.01). Working on the intensive care unit was associated with a significantly lower risk of seropositivity compared with working in other areas of the hospital (OR: 0.28, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.78, p=0.02).Conclusions and relevanceWe identify differences in the occupational risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 between hospital departments and confirm asymptomatic seroconversion occurs in healthcare workers. Further investigation of these observations is required to inform future infection control and occupational health practices.

scholarly journals Comparison of capillary, venous and buffy coat blood samples in detecting Plasmodium species among malaria suspected patients attending at Hamusite health center. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Getu Abeje ◽  
Woyneshet Gelaye ◽  
Getaneh Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Both capillary and venous blood samples have been interchangeably used for the diagnosis of malaria in Ethiopia. However, Plasmodium parasites are thought to be more concentrated in capillary than in venous blood. Hence, selecting a sample source where parasites are more concentrated is indispensable approach in order to maximize the accuracy of blood film microscopy. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the detection rate and the parasitemia level of Plasmodium species from conventional capillary and venous blood films, and buffy coat preparations. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from Feburary to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending Hamusite health center, northwest Ethiopia. Capillary and venous blood samples were collected and buffy coat was prepared from each sample. Thin and thick blood films were prepared, stained, and examined microscopically following standard protocol. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software version 20 and Med-Calc software version 19.3. Results Capillary blood buffy coat (61/210, 29.0%) had significantly higher detection rate as compared to capillary (48/210, 22.9%) and venous (42/210, 20.0%) blood films (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between capillary and venous blood films (p = 0.070) in detecting Plasmodium species. The highest and the lowest mean asexual stage parasite counts were found in capillary blood buffy coat (4692.88) and venous blood (631.43) films, respectively showing significant variations (p < 0.001). Mean gametocyte count was also highest in capillary blood buffy coat (3958.44). As compared to capillary blood buffy coat, the sensitivity of venous blood buffy coat, capillary blood film and venous blood film were 73.8, 78.7, 68.9%, respectively. Conclusion Capillary blood buffy coat samples showed the highest sensitivity in detecting and quantitating malaria parasites that its use should be promoted in clinical settings. However, conventional capillary and venous blood films could be used interchangeably.

Exploring the multi-dimensional influencing factors associated with sub-health status for residents: a cross-sectional study from China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaojiao Ren ◽  
Xiling Yin ◽  
Guangyou Li ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Liju Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Intervention ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: The high incidence of sub-health and its impact on life and work have attracted wide attention. Sub-health status has been studied in China; however, there remains a lack of studies on multi-dimensional factors affecting sub-health status. This study aims to explore the sub-health status of residents, and its influencing factors in Zhuhai city of Guangdong Province of China. Methods: Data were originated from the baseline survey of Zhuhai WHO Healthy Cities Index System in 2015, which was a cross-sectional study for the influencing factors associated with sub-health status. Finally, 3,313 participants aged 16-65 years were recruited. The study used the Sub-health Measurement Scale (SHMS V1.0), and the multivariate logistic regression model was to examine their possible associations with sub-health status. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 22.0. Results: Sub-health and non-sub-health groups accounted for 56.8% and 43.2% of the study population, respectively. There existed significant differences in terms of all items of SHMS V1.0 between the two groups. In the multivariate model, the place of residence was statistically significantly associated with sub-health, followed by having many close neighbors, relatives or friends, and happy feelings. Conclusion: There are significant differences in many items of SHMS V1.0 between sub-health and non-sub-health groups. The leading determinants of sub-health included place of residence; having close neighbors, relatives or friends; having happy feelings; and negative emotions. To develop an effective sub-health intervention program, these factors should be taken into consideration. To develop an effective sub-health intervention program, the influencing factors should be taken into consideration.

A multi‐center cross‐sectional study on midwives' self‐efficacy and influencing factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu‐Min Jiang ◽  
Xiao‐Qian Chen ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Qing‐Xiang Zheng ◽  
Xin‐Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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