scholarly journals More aware, more protected: a cross-sectional study on road safety skills predicting the use of passive safety elements among Spanish teenagers

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e035007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Useche ◽  
Francisco Alonso ◽  
Luis Montoro ◽  
Leandro Garrigós
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Passive Safety ◽  
Safety Skills ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

ObjectiveThis study had two objectives: first, to test the effects of sociodemographic variables, and the effects of three key road safety skills (knowledge–risk perception–attitudes) on the use of passive safety elements (PSEs) among teenagers; and second, to assess the differential impact of the study variables on PSEs use from a gender-based perspective.Setting and participantsThis cross-sectional study was framed in the paradigm of primary care, and it involved students from several educational centres in Spain. A sample of 827 Spanish teenagers (52.4% females and 47.6% males) with a mean age of M=14.41–7 (12–19) years was used.ResultsThrough SEM modelling, we found that the use of PSEs is largely explained by psychosocial variables through the mediation of three road safety skills: risk perception (β=0.103***), rule knowledge (β=0.095*) and attitudes towards road safety (β=0.186***). Furthermore, multigroup analyses showed that, although most variables explain the use of PSEs among teenagers in a similar way, key gender-based differences exist in this regard.ConclusionsRoad safety skills have a significant effect on the use of PSEs among Spanish teenagers, and gender explains some differences in the mechanisms which predict them. Also, in the study we discuss the need for strengthening school-based interventions aimed at helping this vulnerable group of road users acquire and develop positive behavioural competences.

Age and Gender-Based Differences in Covid-19 Clinical Features and Management: A cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1284
Author(s):  
R. Masud ◽  
M. Z. Anwar ◽  
S.A. A. Gardezi ◽  
M. Rehman ◽  
I. Rafique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Background: The whole world is facing one of the biggest health related disaster (COVID-19) of the century. Aim: To identify age and gender-based differences in Covid-19 clinical features and its management among patients at government hospitals, Pakistan. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methodology: This study with enrolled subjects (n=206) was carried out after ethical review committee’s (ERC) approval at Life Diabetes Centre, Gujrat and CMH Kharian Medical College (CKMC), over a period of 3 months, Kharian-Pakistan. Both male and female medical subjects were enrolled. Statistical analysis: Data was analyzed by SPSS software, version 17. Parameters like age, gender and treatment taken were presented as frequency. Chi square was applied to see the correlation with p-value <0.05 as significant. Results: Total 206 patients were randomly selected, 89 male and 117 females. Among 206, patients (n=133) showed symptoms while rest of the patients (73) remained asymptomatic. There was no association of age and gender with COVID-19 symptoms having P-value greater than 0.05. There was a significant association between treatments given was significantly related with age having P-value (0.006*). Conclusion: We concluded that there was no strong association between age and gender-based differences in Covid-19 clinical features; this could be due to small sample size. Keywords: Covid-19, Age, Treatment and Gender.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sexual and gender-based violence program in Harare City, Zimbabwe, 2016: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvanaka Sithole ◽  
Notion Tafara Gombe ◽  
Tsitsi Juru ◽  
Prosper Chonzi ◽  
Gerald Shambira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Harare City

scholarly journals Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Immigrants in Portugal: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Costa ◽  
Sónia Dias ◽  
Maria Martins
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

This study aims to compare adequate fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake between immigrants and natives in Portugal, and to analyse factors associated with consumption of F&V among immigrants. Data from a population based cross-sectional study (2014) was used. The final sample comprised 17,410 participants (≥20 years old), of whom 7.4% were immigrants. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between adequate F&V intake, sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics. Adequate F&V intake was more prevalent among immigrants (21.1% (95% CI: 19.0–23.4)) than natives (18.5% (95% CI: 17.9–19.1)), (p = 0.000). Association between migrant status and adequate F&V intake was only evident for men: immigrants were less likely to achieve an adequate F&V intake (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.66–0.68) when compared to Portuguese. Among immigrants, being female, older, with a higher education, and living in a low urbanisation area increased the odds of having F&V consumption closer to the recommendations. Adjusting for other factors, length of residence appears as a risk factor (15 or more years vs. 0–9 years: OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.50–0.53), (p = 0.000) for adequate F&V intake. Policies aiming to promote adequate F&V consumption should consider both populations groups, and gender-based strategies should address proper sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle determinants.

scholarly journals Assessment of HIV knowledge among university students using the HIV-KQ-18 scale: A cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth Talwar ◽  
Mohd Fadzil B Abd Rahman
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender

Globally, the spread of HIV/AIDS has become a major health concern due to its pandemic proportions. Although people of any age are vulnerable to HIV, the younger populace are more at risk of becoming infected due to their lifestyle choices. The aim of the study was to assess the level of HIV-related knowledge among undergraduate university students using the HIV-KQ-18 scale, and thereby determine a relationship between the selected demographic variables and HIV knowledge. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 students enrolled in a Malaysian University, using a self-administered questionnaire. The HIV-KQ-18 scale was used to measure participants’ basic knowledge about HIV, modes of its transmission and prevention. The study indicated that majority of the students (64%) had adequate HIV-related knowledge. Accounting for socio-demographics, it was noted that lower age group, male and Faculty of Science students were the variables associated with higher HIV knowledge scores. Multiple regression analysis predicted three variables namely gender, faculty and relationship status as being significantly associated with knowledge. Essentially, findings from the study indicate significant differences in the gendered knowledge of HIV, demonstrating a need to conduct more gender-based studies in different settings. Furthermore, it is recommended that age and gender specific educational interventions strategies could be implemented to address misconceptions about HIV, modes of its transmission and effective prevention.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.5(1) 2015: 33-38

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

Cross-sectional study of self-care safety skills in 677 patients on biodrugs for inflammatory joint disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 502-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Orefice ◽  
Catherine Beauvais ◽  
Laure Gossec ◽  
Elisabeth Flipon ◽  
Bruno Fautrel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Safety Skills ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inflammatory Joint Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional
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