scholarly journals Waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: a nationwide cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e037040
Author(s):  
Yalan Dou ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Yinkun Yan ◽  
Hongyan Chen ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

ObjectivesTo demonstrate the accuracy and flexibility of using waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as a screening tool for identifying children and adolescents with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) across a wide range of prevalence levels among general paediatric populations.DesignA nationwide population-based cross-sectional study with all data collected at school settings in six cities of China.ParticipantsA total of 8130 children and adolescents aged 7–18 years with complete anthropometric and CMR measurements based on blood tests were recruited.Outcome measuresElevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, elevated fasting blood glucose and central obesity were measured. The primary outcome, CMRs, was defined as meeting three or more of the above risk factors. The accuracy of WHtR for identifying CMRs was evaluated using areas under the curves (AUCs) with 95% CI of the receiver operating characteristic curve. The predictability of WHtR at given CMRs prevalence levels was estimated by positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value.ResultsOverall, 6.1% of study participants were presented with CMRs. WHtR had high AUCs ranging from 0.84 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.88) to 0.88 (95% CI 0.86 to 0.90) in the total population and age-subgroup and gender-subgroup. The overall optimal WHtR cut-off value was 0.467, with boys having a higher cut-off than girls (0.481 vs 0.456). WHtR achieved an overall sensitivity of 0.89 and PPV of 18.8% at a specificity of 0.75. The screening performance of WHtR remained satisfactory across a wide range of given CMRs prevalence levels (5%, 10% and 20%).ConclusionWHtR as a screening tool could accurately and flexibly identify children affected with the clusters of three or more of CMR factors from the general paediatric population with various CMR prevalence levels. Our findings provide support for policy-making on early CMR identification and management in the high-risk group of children.

scholarly journals Neck circumference and clustered cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents: cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e016048 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Castro-Piñero ◽  
Alvaro Delgado-Alfonso ◽  
Luis Gracia-Marco ◽  
Sonia Gómez-Martínez ◽  
Irene Esteban-Cornejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveEarly detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, such as obesity, is crucial to prevent adverse long-term effects on individuals’ health. Therefore, the aims were: (1) to explore the robustness of neck circumference (NC) as a predictor of CVD and examine its association with numerous anthropometric and body composition indices and (2) to release sex and age-specific NC cut-off values to classify youths as overweight/obese.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting23 primary schools and 17 secondary schools from Spain.Participants2198 students (1060 girls), grades 1–4 and 7–10.MeasuresPubertal development, anthropometric and body composition indices, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively), cardiorespiratory fitness, blood sampling triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), glucose and inflammatory markers. Homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and cluster of CVD risk factors were calculated.ResultsNC was positively correlated with all anthropometric and body composition indices. NC was negatively associated with maximum oxygen consumption (R2=0.231, p<0.001 for boys; R2=0.018, p<0.001 for girls) and positively associated with SBP, DBP, TC/HDL-c, TG, HOMA, complement factors C-3 and C-4, leptin, adiponectin and clustered CVD risk factor in both sexes (R2from 0.035 to 0.353, p<0.01 for boys; R2from 0.024 to 0.215, p<0.001 for girls). Moreover, NC was positively associated with serum C reactive protein, LDL-c and visfatin only in boys (R2from 0.013 to 0.107, p<0.05).ConclusionNC is a simple, low-cost and practical screening tool of excess of upper body obesity and CVD risk factors in children and adolescents. Paediatricians can easily use it as a screening tool for overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. For this purpose, sex and age-specific thresholds to classify children and adolescents as normal weight or overweight/obese are provided.

scholarly journals BMI, waist to height ratio and waist circumference as a screening tool for hypertension in hospital out patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Shrestha ◽  
Bijay Khatri ◽  
Madan P. Upadhyay ◽  
Janak R. Bhattarai ◽  
Manish Kayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Abstract BackgroundObesity has become a global epidemic and an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Earlier thought to be a problem of developed world, it has now become a problem of low- and middle-income countries like Nepal. In absence of a routine surveillance or a registry system, the actual burden and trend of obesity in Nepal is unknown. Obesity and overweight are recognized risk factors for hypertension and associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to find out burden of obesity, using three commonly employed metrics in hospital outpatient setting of a low-income country as predictors of hypertension, and compare ability of different anthropometric measurements through a non-inferiority study to predict hypertension.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 40-69 years outpatients in a tertiary Eye and ENT hospital in a semi-urban area of Nepal among randomly selected 2,256 participants from 6,769 outpatients who were evaluated in Health Promotion and risk factor screening service. We did correlation analysis to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurement and blood pressure. The area under the Receiver Operating characteristic curve of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) and Waist Circumference (WC) was calculated and compared. ResultsThe prevalence of obesity and overweight by BMI was 16.09% and 42.20% respectively; by Waist-to-Height-Ratio was 32.76% which is two times higher than obesity measured by BMI. High waist circumference was observed among 66.76% participants. Female participants had greater prevalence of high WC (77.46%) than male (53.73%) (p<0.001). Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was 40.67% and 36.77% respectively. The areas under the curve were significantly higher than 0.5 for BMI (0.593), WHtR (0.602) and WC (0.610).ConclusionWaist circumference correlated well with obesity and hypertension. It also had higher predicting ability than WHtR and BMI to predict hypertension. Waist circumference thus proved to be non-inferior to two other commonly used metrics. It proved superior in detecting obesity in female. This simple and inexpensive tape measurement may play an important role in future diagnosis of obesity and prediction of HTN in resource constrained settings of developing countries.

scholarly journals Using Anthropometric Indicator to Identify Hypertension in Adolescents: A Study in Sarawak, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whye Lian Cheah ◽  
Ching Thon Chang ◽  
Helmy Hazmi ◽  
Grace Woei Feng Kho
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the predictive power of anthropometric indicators and recommend cutoff points to discriminate hypertension among adolescents in Sarawak, Malaysia. A total of 2461 respondents aged 12-17 years participated in this study with mean age of 14.5±1.50 years. All anthropometric indicators had significant area under the ROC curve, with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) ranging from 0.7 to 0.8. The best anthropometric indicators for predicting hypertension for boys were WC, BMI, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). For girls, BMI was the best indicators followed by WHtR and WC. The recommended BMI cutoff point for boys was 20 kg/m2 and 20.7 kg/m2 for girls. For WC, the recommended cutoff point was 67.1 cm for boys and 68.2 cm for girls. BMI and WC indicators were recommended to be used at the school setting where the measurement can easily be conducted.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: mediation analysis of crosssectional study. [Riesgo cardiometabólico en niños y adolescentes: análisis de mediación de un estudio transversal].

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (65) ◽  
pp. 204-220
Author(s):  
Noelia González-Gálvez ◽  
◽  
Jose Carlos Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fitness Level

The aims of this study were a) to assess whether obesity acts as a mediator between i) cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mean blood pressure; and ii) between between physical activity (PA) and mean blodd pressure in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a 632 children and adolescents. It was measured mean blood pressure, body mass index, fat mass and waist circumference. CRF and PA was assessing with Course Navette test and ActiGraph. The analysis of the mediation was performed using Process macro for SPSS. The results indicate that obesity acts as a partial mediation in the association between CRF and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -5.81 to -5.40; all p˂0.000). These results indicate that obesity acts as a complete mediator in the association between PA and mean blood pressure in 10-12 years old children (z=from -4.49 to -1.94; all p˂0.000). Our result reinforces the relevance of prevent weight increse and improve cardiorespiratory fitness level since erly age in children and adolescents to prevent high mean blood pressure. Increasing the level of physical activity can influence on obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure and Association with Obesity in Egyptian School Adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa A. Abolfotouh ◽  
Sunny A. Sallam ◽  
Mohammed S. Mohammed ◽  
Amany A. Loutfy ◽  
Ali A. Hasab
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Measures Of Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fourth Report ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. To investigate the relationship between high blood pressure (HBP) and obesity in Egyptian adolescents.Methods. A cross-sectional study of 1500 adolescents (11–19 years) in Alexandria, Egypt, was conducted. Resting BP was measured and measurements were categorized using the 2004 fourth report on blood pressure screening recommendations. Additional measures included height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences. Obesity was determined based on BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) indicators. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of association between BP and obesity.Results. Prevalence rates of prehypertension and hypertension were 5.7% and 4.0%, respectively. Obesity was seen in 34.6%, 16.1%, 4.5%, and 16.7% according to BMI, WHR, WC, and WHtR, respectively. Adjusting for confounders, HBP was significantly associated with overall obesity based on BMI (OR=2.18, 95%,CI=1.38-3.44) and central obesity based on WC(OR=3.14, 95%,CI=1.67-5.94).Conclusion. Both overall obesity and central obesity were significant predictors of HBP in Egyptian adolescents.

scholarly journals Waist to height ratio as a screening tool for identifying childhood obesity and associated factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arda Kılınç ◽  
Nilgün Çöl ◽  
Beltinge Demircioğlu-Kılıç ◽  
Neriman Aydin ◽  
Ayse Balat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of obesity and associated factors during childhood in Southeastern Turkey. Another objective was to determine the cut-off points of Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) values for defining obesity/abdominal obesity. Methods: The community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Gaziantep Turkey between November 2011 and December 2011 with 2718 primary school/high schools students aged 6-17 years. The SPSS 22.00 was used for the analysis of data. Results: The prevalence of overweight, obesity, abdominal obesity, was 13.2%, 4.2% ,26.4%, respectively. There was a reverse relationship between BMI/WC values and sleep durations (p<0.05). The BMI/WC values were higher in students with computer usage time ≥1 hours in a day (p<0.05). Parental obesity status has an effective role on the WC/BMI values of children (p<0.05). The WHtR was a good predictor of diagnosis on obesity and abdominal obesity (AUC=0.928, p<0.0001; AUC=0.920, p<0.0001; respectively). The optimal cut-off values for obesity and abdominal obesity were detected as 0.5077, 0.4741, respectively. Conclusions: The WHtR can be used for diagnosis of obesity/abdominal obesity. Parental obesity, short sleep duration and computer use more than one hour per day are risk factors for the development of obesity in children and adolescents. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.748 How to cite this:Kilinc A, Col N, Demircioglu-Kilic B, Aydin N, Balat A, Keskin M. Waist to height ratio as a screening tool for identifying childhood obesity and associated factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1652-1658. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.748 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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