scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with depression among higher secondary school adolescents of Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e044042
Author(s):  
Deepa Bhattarai ◽  
Nisha Shrestha ◽  
Shishir Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

ObjectiveThis study examined the prevalence and factors associated with depression among adolescents attending higher secondary schools in the Pokhara Metropolitan City of Nepal.DesignA cross-sectional study design was adopted.SettingFour randomly selected higher secondary schools of Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal.Participants312 randomly sampled higher secondary school students.MethodsThe Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was used to assess the level of depression among students. The data collected through a self-administered questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistical methods such as frequency and percentage. χ2 test and unadjusted OR (UOR) were calculated to assess the statistical relationship between depression and various variables at 95% CI, with level of significance at p<0.05.ResultsThe study found a high prevalence of depression among high school students, with more than two-fifths (44.2%) of students having depression. Furthermore, almost a quarter (25.3%) of the students were noted to have mild depression and 18.9% of the students expressed major depression. Students who had low perceived social support (UOR: 3.604; 95% CI 2.088 to 6.220), did not share their problems with anyone (UOR: 1.931; 95% CI 1.228 to 3.038) and had low self-esteem (UOR: 5.282; 95% CI 2.994 to 9.319) were at higher odds of being depressed.ConclusionA high prevalence of depression was observed among high school students. It was also observed that students’ level of perceived social support, self-esteem and help-seeking behaviour are somehow related to their mental well-being. Hence, improving social support and self-esteem may alleviate depression and mental distress among these adolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence And Factors Associated With Depression Among Adults With Sickle Cell Disease at Mulago Hospital, Uganda: a Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Mubangizi ◽  
Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu ◽  
Ismael Kawooya ◽  
Christine Sekaggya-wiltshire
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mulago Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract BACKGROUND Depression among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) is under diagnosed and undertreated due to the overlap of symptoms and signs of SCD and depression. The study sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression among adults attending the SCD out-patient clinic in Mulago Hospital, Uganda. METHODS This was a cross sectional study in which 255 adults with SCD were enrolled. Participants were evaluated for depression using the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and a score of 6 was considered diagnostic of depression. Demographic data was collected with a pre-tested study questionnaire. Perceived social support was measured using the 12-item multidimensional social support scale and, self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Blood samples were taken to obtain a complete blood count. Modified poisson regression analyses were used to determine associations of depression. RESULTS The prevalence of depression was 68.2% (95% C.I; 62–74) with a median age of 21 years. The factors independently associated with depression were pain crisis in the last month (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.04–1.07, p = 0.001), history of a hospital admission in the past 6 months (PR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07, p = 0.012), formal education (PR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.59–0.97, P = 0.008) and a low social support rating (PR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.53–0.84, P = 0.0019) CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of depression in adults with SCD is high with up to two thirds of patients having some form of depression. The major risk factors were low level of education, low social support, pain crises in the past month and hospital admissions in the last 6 months.

scholarly journals Study Habits, Self-Esteem, and Academic Achievement Among Public and Private Secondary School Students in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nurul ISLAM
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Private School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Habits ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private

Studies on academic achievement worldwide are sporadic, focusing on variables more or less have been taken by the researchers, and provided knowledge. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine how the school effect influences secondary school students' academic achievements by two important significant (study habits and self-esteem). With a covenient sampling method, 400 students from eight secondary schools in Bangladesh were selected for the study. Though the students were equally divided regarding gender (Boys, 200; Girls, 200), they were different regarding school types (Public, 188; Private, 212). Their ages range from 14 to 17, with an average of 14.8. They provided responses on two Bangla version scales: Study Habit Scale and Self-Esteem Scale. Academic achievement was significantly positively correlated with both study habits (r=.268, p<.01) and self-esteem (r=.291,p<.01). Two predictors of the study were also correlated with each other (r=.283, p<.01). Public and private school students were not varied significantly in studying habits and academic achievement, but they were significantly different in self-esteem. The study habits and self-esteem jointly explained 12.3% for public school students' academic achievement whileit explained 7.5% variance for the private school students. The discussion implies that how students’ study habits and self-esteem facilitates their academic achievement.Further studies will reflect more factors influencing academic achievement.

scholarly journals Artificial neural network application for identifying risk of depression in high school students: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang-Fang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background Identifying important factors contributing to depression is necessary for interrupting risk pathways to minimize adolescent depression. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression in high school students and develop a model for identifying risk of depression among adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 1190 adolescents from two high schools in eastern China participated in the study. Artificial neurol network (ANN) was used to establish the identification model. Results The prevalence of depression was 29.9% among the students. The model showed the top five protective and risk factors including perceived stress, life events, optimism, self-compassion and resilience. ANN model accuracy was 81.06%, with sensitivity 65.3%, specificity 88.4%, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves 0.846 in testing dataset. Conclusion The ANN showed the good performance in identifying risk of depression. Promoting the protective factors and reducing the level of risk factors facilitate preventing and relieving depression.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Depression among Secondary School Students of Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mossad AbdelHak Shaban Mohamed ◽  
Siti Zubaidah Abd Rahman ◽  
Rozanizam Zakaria ◽  
Asrar Abu Bakar ◽  
Azamin bin Anuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
International School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Introduction: Depression is a curable debilitating illness that becomes a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The prevalence of depression is underrecognized among adolescents. The study is conducted to determine the prevalence of depression among secondary school students of Kuantan Malaysia. Materials and method: We conduct a quantitative cross-sectional study. A population of 414 students from two urban schools, two rural schools, and one international school will participate in the study. The assessment tool used is the Malaysian version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS 21). Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 21 (SPSS IBM, New York, USA). Factors associated with depressive symptoms will be analyzed using multi Variate logistic regression analysis. Results: Prevalence of depression in Kuantan, Malaysia will be compared to the same international trends. Conclusion: Our study can determine and compare the prevalence of depression in different categories. Education and early interventions of depressed adolescents will add extra value of the project.

ADHD in Tunisian Adolescents: Prevalence and Associated Factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mhalla ◽  
Asma Guedria ◽  
Takoua Brahem ◽  
Badii Amamou ◽  
Wiem Sboui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Factors Associated

Objective: The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of ADHD in a population of high school students and to explore the factors associated with this disorder. Method: This was a cross-sectional study that had included 447 high school students. The diagnosis of ADHD was made by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale translated in Arabic language. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated by a preestablished questionnaire. The self-esteem was assessed by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results: The prevalence of ADHD was 18.1%. The logistic regression analysis showed an association between the diagnosis of ADHD and the bad relationships with parents (odds ratio [OR] = 16.43; p < 10-3), the presence of personal psychiatric antecedents (OR = 12.16; p < 10-3), internet misuse (OR = 2.39; p = .014), and maltreatment antecedents (OR = 3.16; p = .009). Conclusion: The prevalence of ADHD in this study was one of the highest prevalence reported. The factors associated with ADHD may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Dietary Pattern with the Prevalence and Degree of Depression in Female Students of SMAK St. Louis Surabaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Kezia Eirene Simanjuntak ◽  
Sri Umijati ◽  
Nining Febriyana ◽  
Yunias Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Female Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of depression and irregular dietary pattern amongst adolescent, especially women, has become an important issue today. A number of studies confirm that dietary pattern plays a role as one of the biological factors affecting mood regulation through the production of nerotransmitters, however, there are conflicting results regarding the matter in adolescent. This study aimed to examine the correlation between dietary pattern and depression in adolescent. Methods: This study was done through cross sectional analytical observational study in 89 high school students in SMAK St. Louis Surabaya. The data was gathered through two types of questionnaires filled by the respondents. The questionnaires were Food Frequency Questionnaire to assess dietary intake pattern and Beck Depression Inventory to assess the occurence of depression amongst the respondents. Results: The study showed high prevalence of irregular dietary pattern and depression within the sample. From Spearman correlation test, there is no correlation between dietary pattern and the prevalence as well as the degree of depression (p > 0,05). Conclusion: There is no correlation between dietary pattern and depression in adolescent. It may be caused by a lot of other factors contributing to the occurence of depression, including biological, psychological, and social factors.

Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Back Pain among High School Students A Cross-Sectional Study

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janhavi Sirsat ◽  
Shivram Kumar ◽  
Zahra Rehman ◽  
Rachel Rajan ◽  
Roaa A. Al-Qatrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Prevalence of Depression and Its’ Risk Factors among Higher Secondary School Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani ◽  
Premalatha Paulsamy ◽  
Selvarani Panneerselvam ◽  
Zainah Alshahrani ◽  
H. Z. Alshahrani Fahad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

As adolescence is a transitional stage in which a person's physical and psychological development and transformation are limited to the time between puberty and legal adulthood. It is commonly associated with the onset of a variety of mental health or adjustment problems. This study was to find out the incidence of depression and the factors that contribute to it among higher secondary school students. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 adolescents who were selected by simple random sampling technique. The socio-demographic information, Perceived Social Support scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were adopted to collect the data. Descriptive and Inferential statistics was used to analyse the collected data. In this study, 52% of the adolescents did not have depression, whereas 18% had moderate, 8% had moderate to severe depression and 2% of them had severe depression. Nearly 68% of students had a higher social support perception. The type of family and living status of parents had significant relationship with the level of depression among adolescents at p = 0.01. The study concludes that depression and mental distress among these adolescents may be alleviated by boosting their perceived degree of social support and self-esteem through a variety of methods such as family support, counselling at schools and workshops on self – management skills etc.

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