scholarly journals Protective potential of high-intensity interval training on cardiac structure and function after COVID-19: protocol and statistical analysis plan for an investigator-blinded randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e048281
Author(s):  
Iben Elmerdahl Rasmussen ◽  
Frederik Foged ◽  
Josephine Bjørn Budde ◽  
Rasmus Syberg Rasmussen ◽  
Villads Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Randomised Study ◽  
Link Type ◽  
High Intensity Interval

IntroductionCOVID-19 is associated with a marked systemic inflammatory response with concomitant cardiac injury and remodelling, but it is currently unknown whether the latter is reversible. Given that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a powerful stimulus to improve cardiorespiratory fitness while also eliciting marked anti-inflammatory effects, it may be an important countermeasure of reducing cardiopulmonary morbidity following COVID-19.Methods and analysis40 COVID-19 survivors who have been discharged from hospital will be included in this investigator-blinded randomised study with a 12-week HIIT intervention. Patients will be 1:1 block-randomised by sex to either a supervised HIIT exercise group or standard care (control group). The main hypothesis is that a 12-week HIIT scheme is a safe way to improve loss of cardiac mass and associated cardiorespiratory fitness, despite hypothesised limited HIIT-induced changes in conventional lung function indices per se. Ultimately, we hypothesise that the HIIT scheme will reduce post-COVID-19 symptoms and improve quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by the Scientific Ethical Committee at the Capital Region of Denmark (H-20033733, including amendments 75068 and 75799) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04647734, pre-results). The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, including cases of positive, negative and inconclusive results.Trial registration numberNCT04549337.

scholarly journals Short-Term, Equipment-Free High Intensity Interval Training Elicits Significant Improvements in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Irrespective of Supervision in Early Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanvir S. Sian ◽  
Thomas Inns ◽  
Amanda Gates ◽  
Brett Doleman ◽  
Nima Gharahdaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Introduction: Serious health implications from having low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and being overweight in young adulthood are carried forward into later life. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-effective, potent stimulus for improving CRF and indices of cardiometabolic health. To date, few studies have investigated the use of equipment-free HIIT or the impact of supervision for improving CRF via HIIT.Methods: Thirty healthy young adults (18–30 y) were randomised to 4 weeks (12 sessions) equipment-free, bodyweight based supervised laboratory HIIT (L-HIIT), unsupervised home HIIT (H-HIIT) or no-intervention (CON). Utilised exercises were star jumps, squats and standing sprints. Measurements of CRF (anaerobic threshold (AT) and VO2peak), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), blood glucose and plasma insulin by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and muscle architecture were performed at baseline and after the intervention.Results: When compared to the control group, both HIIT protocols improved CRF (AT: L-HIIT mean difference compared to the control group (MD) +2.1 (95% CI: 0.34–4.03) ml/kg/min; p = 0.02; H-HIIT MD +3.01 (1.17–4.85) ml/kg/min; p = 0.002), VO2peak: L-HIIT (MD +2.94 (0.64–5.25) ml/kg/min; p = 0.01; H-HIIT MD +2.55 (0.34–4.76) ml/kg/min; p = 0.03), BMI (L-HIIT MD −0.43 (−0.86 to 0.00) kg/m2; p = 0.05; H-HIIT: MD −0.51 (−0.95 to −0.07) kg/m2; p = 0.03) and m. vastus lateralis pennation angle (L-HIIT MD 0.2 (0.13–0.27)°; p < 0.001; H-HIIT MD 0.17 (0.09 to 0.24)°; p < 0.001). There was no significant change in BP, blood glucose or plasma insulin in any of the groups.Conclusions: Four weeks time-efficient, equipment-free, bodyweight-based HIIT is able to elicit improvements in CRF irrespective of supervision status. Unsupervised HIIT may be a useful tool for counteracting the rise of sedentary behaviours and consequent cardiometabolic disorders in young adults.

Effects of high-intensity interval training in a three-week cardiovascular rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-655
Author(s):  
Udo F Wehmeier ◽  
Alexander Schweitzer ◽  
Armin Jansen ◽  
Herbert Probst ◽  
Stephan Grüter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Outpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the benefit of using high-intensity interval training for cardiovascular patients undergoing outpatient rehabilitation in a standard short-term (three-week) program in Germany. Design: This is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Setting: This study was conducted at Cardiowell (Wuppertal, Germany), an outpatient rehabilitation center. Intervention: Patients underwent the typical three-week German outpatient rehabilitation program using either moderate continuous training (i.e. the standard training program) or high-intensity interval training. Main measures: A total of 50 patients of an outpatient rehabilitation center were randomized into two groups. The control group underwent the standard rehabilitation protocol that applied moderate continuous training, and the intervention group trained according to a high-intensity interval protocol. Patients trained on a bicycle ergometer. Peak power output, oxygen uptake parameters, heart frequencies, and blood pressure were compared at the beginning and at the end of the rehabilitation program. Results: After three weeks, the intervention group had improved to a significantly greater extent in maximal performance parameters than the control group: the peak power output (20.9 (±14.1) W; control 8.8 (±10.4) W), maximum oxygen uptake (0.33 (±0.33) L/min; control 0.05 (±0.29) L/min)), relative maximum oxygen uptake (3.4 (±4.2) mL/kg/min; control 0.9 (±3.1) mL/kg/min), and O2 pulse (1.8 (±2.2) mL/heart beat; control 0.35 (±1.7) mL/heart beat). Conclusion: The implementation of high-intensity interval training during a typical three-week German cardiac rehabilitation has the power to increase the outcome for the patients.

The effect of cooperative high-intensity interval training on creativity and emotional intelligence in secondary school: A randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ruiz-Ariza ◽  
Sara Suárez-Manzano ◽  
Sebastián López-Serrano ◽  
Emilio J Martínez-López
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Evidence suggests that moderate physical activity (PA) positively relates to creativity and emotional intelligence (EI) in adolescents. However, it is unknown whether cooperative PA (physical exercises in pairs or small groups to enhance motivation, self-efficacy, and pro-social behaviours), performed over less time but at higher intensity, could have similar effects within a school setting. The aim was to analyse the effect of cooperative high-intensity interval training (C-HIIT) on creativity and EI in adolescents aged 12–16 years, and whether improvement effects are different according to weekly PA level. A randomised controlled trial was conducted with a control group (CG, n = 94), which did static stretching, and an experimental group (EG, n = 90), which performed C-HIIT. Both groups performed the activity during 16 minutes at the beginning of physical education (PE) classes. Creativity was assessed with one factor, and EI through four factors (well-being, self-control, emotionality, and sociability). Age and body mass index (BMI) were used as confounders. Both were measured twice (baseline and after 12 weeks). The EG increased well-being and sociability factors after the C-HIIT programme (both p < 0.001). More specifically, inactive adolescents in the EG showed significant improvements in comparison to the CG in creativity, well-being, and sociability ( p = 0.028, p < 0.001, and p < 0.003, respectively). However, we did not find changes among active adolescents. A programme of C-HIIT in PE is a novel strategy to improve creativity and EI, especially in physically inactive adolescents. Starting PE classes with 16 minutes of C-HIIT could be recommended, independently of other activities planned for the session.

Feasibility and Provisional Efficacy of Embedding High-Intensity Interval Training Into Physical Education Lessons: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nigel Harris ◽  
Isaac Warbrick ◽  
Denise Atkins ◽  
Alain Vandal ◽  
Lindsay Plank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of generalist school teachers delivering curriculum connected high-intensity interval training in a school’s physical education class time. Method: Two schools volunteered to participate. A total of 84 students (11.9 [0.5] y, M = 64 and F = 19) volunteered to participate. Four classes from 2 schools were randomized to either intervention (n = 53) or control (n = 31) for one school term (8 wk). Intervention class teachers participated in a 1-day workshop instructing them how to deliver twice weekly, high-intensity interval training sessions. The control classes continued with their usual physical education curriculum. Recruitment, intervention fidelity, and program satisfaction were assessed. Preliminary efficacy (primary outcome cardiorespiratory fitness) was quantified using generalized linear mixed models, expressed as effect size. A range of secondary outcomes was also assessed. Results: The recruitment rate was 88%. About 84% of the sessions were delivered. The heart rate peak over all sessions was 89.6% (13%) of the predicted maximum. The intervention teachers reported high levels of satisfaction. Almost all student participants were positive about participating. No adverse events occurred. The adjusted between-group difference for cardiorespiratory fitness was trivial (effect size 0.02). Conclusions: This teacher-delivered high-intensity interval training program was feasible and acceptable to both teachers and student participants. It is therefore potentially scalable.

scholarly journals High-intensity interval training in haemodialysis patients: a pilot randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgitta Blakstad Nilsson ◽  
Heidi Bunæs-Næss ◽  
Elisabeth Edvardsen ◽  
Aud-Eldrid Stenehjem
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

ObjectivesPatients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing haemodialysis (HD) have significantly reduced cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Our hypothesis was that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a feasible and safe form of exercise during HD and that HIIT would elicit greater change in cardiorespiratory fitness and HRQoL compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT).MethodsTwenty patients were randomised to either HIIT (n=6), MICT (n=8) (two times a week within 22 weeks) or usual care (n=6). Feasibility was assessed by session attendance and adherence to exercise intensity. Safety was assessed by adverse event reporting. Efficacy was determined from change in peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), 6 min walk distance and a HRQoL questionnaire (the COOP-WONCA chart).ResultsEleven patients (55%) completed premeasurements and postmeasurements. The main reason for drop-out was due to kidney transplant during follow-up. The patients completed the same number of sessions in each group and adhered to the target heart rates after habituation. There were no adverse events. In the HIIT group, two of the three patients increased VO2peak by 46% and 53%, respectively. Three of the five patients in the MICT group increased their VO2peak by 6%, 18% and 36%, respectively.ConclusionsThis pilot study demonstrated that HIIT is a feasible and safe exercise model for intradialytic exercise in patients undergoing HD. There might be a considerable potential of intradialytic HIIT in patients undergoing HD. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to determine if HIIT is an optimal approach in patients with ESRD undergoing HD.Trial registration numberNCT01728415.

scholarly journals High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) in Healthy, Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhona Martin-Smith ◽  
Ashley Cox ◽  
Duncan S. Buchan ◽  
Julien S. Baker ◽  
Fergal Grace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) is a sustainable and effective method for improving Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF) in adolescents. HIIT is proven to produce equal or greater improvements in CRF when compared to moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in adolescents. Methods: The studies included were considered eligible if: (1) Participants were adolescents (11–18 years old); (2) Examined changes in CRF measured either directly or indirectly; (3) Included a non-exercising control group or MICE comparison group; (4) Participants were matched at enrolment; (5) Reported HIIT protocol information; (6) Provided HIIT intensity. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of HIIT on CRF. Meta-regression and moderator analyses were performed out to quantitatively examine moderators of protocol design on CRF improvements. Results: HIIT displays a moderate effect to improve CRF (g = 0.86, 95% CI 0.518–1.106, p < 0.001). Neither study duration (weeks), nor total or weekly accumulated HIIT volume (min) displayed any significant moderation effect on pooled improvement on CRF (p > 0.05). Conclusions: HIIT is an effective method to improve CRF in adolescents, irrespective of body composition. Notably, meta regression analysis identified that prolonged high volume HIIT programs are similarly effective to short term low volume HIIT programs. This becomes of particular interest for those involved in school curricula, where short HIIT exercise may provide a pragmatic adjunct to the health benefits of Physical Education (PE) lessons.

scholarly journals Pengaruh High Intensity Interval Training Terhadap Cardiorespiratory Pada Remaja

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Yoga Handita Windiastoni ◽  
Nurul Fithriati Haritsah
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence affects the level of fitness and determinants of health levels in old age. School adolescents who have low physical activity need easy, efficient and effective physical training to increase cardiorespiratry fitness, namely high intensity interval training. Objective: to determine the effect of high intensity interval training on cardiorespitatory fitness training in adolescents. Subjects: 60 high school students (men n = 21, women n = 39) aged 15-19 years who met the study criteria and were divided into 2 groups, a high intensity interval training group and a control group by jogging. Method: quasi experimental with pre-test and post-test one group design with control group. The instrument used in this study was a 20m shuttle run test. Analysis: normality test with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, then parametric test with paired sample t-test and parametric difference test with independent sample t-test. Results: VO2max pre-test and post-test high intensity interval training group obtained p value = 0,000 (p <0.05) which showed there were significant differences before and after treatment. The results of the post-test different test between the control and treatment groups showed that the value of p = 0,000 (p <0.05) showed that there was a significant difference between the high intensity interval training group and the control group and the results of the different mean mean were greater in the high intensity interval training group. after and before treatment. Conclusion: high intensity interval training can increase cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents according to the results of VO2max values.

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