Family carer needs in advanced disease: systematic review of reviews

2022 ◽  
pp. bmjspcare-2021-003299
Author(s):  
David John-Tom Marco ◽  
Kristina Thomas ◽  
Serra Ivynian ◽  
Helen Wilding ◽  
Deborah Parker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Review Of Reviews

BackgroundFamily carers are vital in the management and delivery of home-based palliative care. Decision-makers need to know what the most commonly expressed unmet needs of family carers are to target available support services.AimTo identify the most commonly expressed needs of family carers of people with an advanced disease, assess the quality of current evidence, and set an agenda for future research and clinical practice.DesignA systematic review of reviews, prospectively registered on PROSPERO. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews and research syntheses.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Informit and Cochrane Library were searched for reviews about the needs of carers looking after patients with advanced disease from 2010 to 2020.ResultsFindings from 21 reviews identified emotional support, disease-specific knowledge, carer role responsibilities, self-care and general practical support as the most commonly expressed needs expressed by family carers. Additionally, access to professional services, formal education opportunities and communication with health professionals were identified as caregivers’ preferred ways of having these needs met. Extraction of carer-specific needs was challenging at times as results were often combined with patient results in reviews.ConclusionPractical difficulties exist in effectively resourcing services to meet the needs of family carers. Information regarding the most commonly expressed needs shared by caregivers and their preferred delivery source can provide an opportunity to focus available support services to achieve the highest possible impact for carers of patients with advanced disease.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018088678.

scholarly journals The Magnitude of Unsafe Child Feces Disposal Practices and Its Association With Reported Diarrhea in Low-income and Middle-income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negasa Eshete Soboksa ◽  
Bekam Kebede Olkeba ◽  
Dinkinesh Begna Gudeta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Childhood Diarrhea ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Google Search

Abstract Introduction:The unsafe disposal of children’s feces may be an important contaminant in household environments, posing a high risk of exposure to infants. Several studies done on the magnitude of unsafe disposal of child feces and its association with reported childhood diarrheahave variedoutcomesand no tries have been made to systematically review this. Therefore, itis necessitating a systematic review to provide an exhaustive summary of current evidence. Thus, the objective ofthis study will be to pool out the available evidence on the magnitude of unsafe child feces disposalpractices and its association with reported childhood diarrhea in low-income and middle-income countries. Methods: PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library database, and Ovid Medline will be searched to identify relevant literature for this review. Moreover, Google search engine, Google Scholar, and references of other studieswill be searched from January 2000 to December 2020. The primary outcome of interest will bethe magnitude of unsafe disposal of child feces and the secondary outcome will be its association with reported diarrhea. Observationalstudies (cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies) written in English will be included in this review. The selected studies will be critically appraised by two independent reviewers using an appropriate tool. The pooled magnitude of unsafe disposal of child feces and its association with reported childhood diarrhea will be analyzed using Stata version 16. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the chi-square test (Q-test) statistics and inverse variance index (I2). Forest plots will be used to present the combined estimate with 95% CI.A funnel plot and Egger’s test of small study bias will be used to assess publication bias.Discussion:This systematic review will identify the evidence available on themagnitude of unsafe child fecesdisposal practicesand its associationwith reported diarrhea. The findings from this study will bemade publicly available in a repository and published in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings from this study will also provide directions for future research and public health professionals with an understanding of the importance of safe child feces disposal practices to preventingchildhood diarrhea in the community.Systematic review registrationnumber: PROSPERO CRD42020189034

scholarly journals The Use of Augmented and Mixed Reality Technology to Improve Surgical Outcomes: a Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bollen ◽  
Joshua Solomon ◽  
Matthew Stubbs ◽  
Benjamin Langridge ◽  
Peter E. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Real World ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Mixed Reality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Real ◽  
Current Evidence Base

Abstract BackgroundThe use of mixed and augmented reality in surgery is a novel and rapidly developing field. Augmented reality is a technology which overlays virtual images on to the real world and is supported by a variety of platforms. Mixed reality is a newer technology, which, in contrast, allows the user to interact with virtual objects projected onto the real world. These technologies have been employed in a range of surgical contexts and specialities and have generated significant public interest, however, the evidence supporting their proposed benefits is unclear. This systematic review aims to critically appraise the intraoperative use of mixed and augmented reality technologies to improve surgical outcomes and provide directions for future research. Methods This systematic review will follow the PRISMA guidelines and search the MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library electronic databases. All clinical studies reporting empirical data on the intraoperative use of augmented or mixed reality technologies will be eligible for inclusion. Identified studies will be screened for inclusion by three authors in parallel, with a fourth author resolving any discrepancies. Risk of bias will be assessed in accordance with Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions guidance. The quality of evidence for each outcome will be assessed using the GRADE approach.DiscussionThis will be the first systematic review performed with a specific focus on the use of mixed reality in surgery. If augmented and mixed reality are to become established tools in surgery, it is necessary to understand their use cases, advantages, limitations and cost-effectiveness. This is a young but rapidly evolving field; this synthesis of the current evidence base will provide direction for future research and development.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42020205892

scholarly journals Recommendation Systems for Education: Systematic Review

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1611
Author(s):  
María Cora Urdaneta-Ponte ◽  
Amaia Mendez-Zorrilla ◽  
Ibon Oleagordia-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Recommendation Systems ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Developmental Approach

Recommendation systems have emerged as a response to overload in terms of increased amounts of information online, which has become a problem for users regarding the time spent on their search and the amount of information retrieved by it. In the field of recommendation systems in education, the relevance of recommended educational resources will improve the student’s learning process, and hence the importance of being able to suitably and reliably ensure relevant, useful information. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the work undertaken on recommendation systems that support educational practices with a view to acquiring information related to the type of education and areas dealt with, the developmental approach used, and the elements recommended, as well as being able to detect any gaps in this area for future research work. A systematic review was carried out that included 98 articles from a total of 2937 found in main databases (IEEE, ACM, Scopus and WoS), about which it was able to be established that most are geared towards recommending educational resources for users of formal education, in which the main approaches used in recommendation systems are the collaborative approach, the content-based approach, and the hybrid approach, with a tendency to use machine learning in the last two years. Finally, possible future areas of research and development in this field are presented.

scholarly journals Appraisal of systematic reviews on interventions for postpartum depression: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Chow ◽  
Eileen Huang ◽  
Allen Li ◽  
Sophie Li ◽  
Sarah Y. Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Measurement Tool

Abstract Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a highly prevalent mental health problem that affects parental health with implications for child health in infancy, childhood, adolescence and beyond. The primary aim of this study was to critically appraise available systematic reviews describing interventions for PPD. The secondary aim was to evaluate the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews and their conclusions. Methods An electronic database search of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from 2000 to 2020 was conducted to identify systematic reviews that examined an intervention for PPD. A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews was utilized to independently score each included systematic review which was then critically appraised to better define the most effective therapeutic options for PPD. Results Of the 842 studies identified, 83 met the a priori criteria for inclusion. Based on the systematic reviews with the highest methodological quality, we found that use of antidepressants and telemedicine were the most effective treatments for PPD. Symptoms of PPD were also improved by traditional herbal medicine and aromatherapy. Current evidence for physical exercise and cognitive behavioural therapy in treating PPD remains equivocal. A significant, but weak relationship between AMSTAR score and journal impact factor was observed (p = 0.03, r = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.43) whilst no relationship was found between the number of total citations (p = 0.27, r = 0.12; 95% CI, − 0.09 to 0.34), or source of funding (p = 0.19). Conclusion Overall the systematic reviews on interventions for PPD are of low-moderate quality and are not improving over time. Antidepressants and telemedicine were the most effective therapeutic interventions for PPD treatment.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and myocarditis: a systematic review and overview of current challenges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Castiello ◽  
Georgios Georgiopoulos ◽  
Gherardo Finocchiaro ◽  
Monaco Claudia ◽  
Andrea Gianatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Myocardial Inflammation ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
Histological Data

AbstractMyocardial inflammation in COVID-19 has been documented. Its pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, but the two main theories foresee a direct role of ACE2 receptor and a hyperimmune response, which may also lead to isolated presentation of COVID-19-mediated myocarditis. The frequency and prognostic impact of COVID-19-mediated myocarditis is unknown. This review aims to summarise current evidence on this topic. We performed a systematic review of MEDLINE and Cochrane Library (1/12/19–30/09/20). We also searched clinicaltrials.gov for unpublished studies testing therapies with potential implication for COVID-19-mediated cardiovascular complication. Eligible studies had laboratory confirmed COVID-19 and a clinical and/or histological diagnosis of myocarditis by ESC or WHO/ISFC criteria. Reports of 38 cases were included (26 male patients, 24 aged < 50 years). The first histologically proven case was a virus-negative lymphocytic myocarditis; however, biopsy evidence of myocarditis secondary to SARS-CoV-2 cardiotropism has been recently demonstrated. Histological data was found in 12 cases (8 EMB and 4 autopsies) and CMR was the main imaging modality to confirm a diagnosis of myocarditis (25 patients). There was a substantial variability in biventricular systolic function during the acute episode and in therapeutic regimen used. Five patients died in hospital. Cause-effect relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and myocarditis is difficult to demonstrate. However, current evidence demonstrates myocardial inflammation with or without direct cardiomyocyte damage, suggesting different pathophysiology mechanisms responsible of COVID-mediated myocarditis. Established clinical approaches should be pursued until future evidence support different actions. Large multicentre registries are advisable to elucidate further.

scholarly journals Kinesio Taping for Balance Function after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijuan Hu ◽  
Dongling Zhong ◽  
Qiwei Xiao ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Kinesio Taping ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. With the increasing social and economic burdens of balance impairment after stroke, the treatment for balance impairment after stroke becomes a major public health problem worldwide. Kinesio taping (KT) as a part of clinical practice has been used widely in the treatment of balance impairment after stroke. However, the clinical effects of KT for balance function have not been confirmed. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects and safety of KT for balance impairment after stroke. Methods. We conducted a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of KT for balance impairment after stroke. We searched the following databases: (1) English databases: EMBASE (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid), the Cochrane library, PubMed, and PEDro; (2) Chinese databases: China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wan Fang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and VIP. Besides, hand searches of relevant references were also conducted. We systematically searched from the inception to December 2018, using the keywords (Kinesio, Kinesio Tape, tape, or Orthotic Tape) and (stroke, hemiplegia, or hemiplegic paralysis) and (balance or stability). The search strategies were adjusted for each database. The reference lists of included articles were reviewed for relevant trials. For missing data, we contacted the authors to get additional information. Results. 22 RCTs involved 1331 patients, among which 667 patients in the experimental group and 664 patients in the control group were included. Results of meta-analysis showed that, compared with conventional rehabilitation (CR), there was significant difference in Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (MD=4.46, 95%CI 1.72 to 7.19, P=0.001), Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) (MD=-4.62, 95%CI -5.48 to -3.79, P < 0.00001), functional ambulation category scale (FAC) (MD=0.53, 95%CI 0.38 to 0.68, P < 0.00001), Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-L) (MD=4.20, 95%CI 3.17 to 5.24, P < 0.00001), and Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) (MD=-0.38, 95%CI -0.49 to -0.27, P < 0.00001). The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference between KT and CR with ≤4 weeks treatment duration (< 4 weeks: MD=5.03, 95%CI -1.80 to 11.85, P=0.15; =4 weeks: MD=4.33, 95%CI -1.50 to 10.15, P=0.15), while there was significant difference with more than 4-week treatment duration (MD=4.77, 95%CI 2.58 to 6.97, P < 0.0001). Conclusions. Based on current evidence, KT was more effective than CR for balance function, lower limb function, and walking function in poststroke patients. Longer treatment duration may be associated with better effects. However, more well-conducted RCTs are required in the future.

scholarly journals Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa’s pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245471
Author(s):  
Xin Yi Lim ◽  
Terence Yew Chin Tan ◽  
Siti Hajar Muhd Rosli ◽  
Muhammad Nor Farhan Sa’at ◽  
Syazwani Sirdar Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Journal Club ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Spontaneous Bowel Movement

Introduction Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa), commonly used for industrial purposes, is now being consumed by the public for various health promoting effects. As popularity of hemp research and claims of beneficial effects rises, a systematic collection of current scientific evidence on hemp’s health effects and pharmacological properties is needed to guide future research, clinical, and policy decision making. Objective To provide an overview and identify the present landscape of hemp research topics, trends, and gaps. Methods A systematic search and analysis strategy according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis-ScR (PRISMA-ScR) checklist on electronic databases including MEDLINE, OVID (OVFT, APC Journal Club, EBM Reviews), Cochrane Library Central and Clinicaltrials.gov was conducted to include and analyse hemp research articles from 2009 to 2019. Results 65 primary articles (18 clinical, 47 pre-clinical) were reviewed. Several randomised controlled trials showed hempseed pills (in Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation MaZiRenWan) improving spontaneous bowel movement in functional constipation. There was also evidence suggesting benefits in cannabis dependence, epilepsy, and anxiety disorders. Pre-clinically, hemp derivatives showed potential anti-oxidative, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-acne, and anti-microbial activities. Renal protective effects and estrogenic properties were also exhibited in vitro. Conclusion Current evidence on hemp-specific interventions are still preliminary, with limited high quality clinical evidence for any specific therapeutic indication. This is mainly due to the wide variation in test item formulation, as the multiple variants of this plant differ in their phytochemical and bioactive compounds. Future empirical research should focus on standardising the hemp plant for pharmaceutical use, and uniformity in experimental designs to strengthen the premise of using hemp in medicine.

scholarly journals A systematic review of interventions to improve acute hospital care for people with dementia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Karrer ◽  
Angela Schnelli ◽  
Adelheid Zeller ◽  
Hanna Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Acute Hospital Care ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Acute Hospitals ◽  
Delirium Management ◽  
Study Designs

Abstract The aim of this study was to provide an overview of interventions targeting hospital care of patients with dementia. We conducted a systematic review, including interventional study designs. We searched five electronic databases, conducted a hand search and performed citation tracking. To assess risk of bias, we used Cochrane Collaboration’s tool, ROBANS and AMSTAR. We narratively summarized the outcomes.The findings of twenty studies indicated a broad range of interventions and outcomes. We categorised the interventions into eight intervention types. Educational programmes were the most reported intervention type and resulted in improved staff outcomes. Family-/person-centred care programmes, use of specially trained nurses and delirium management programmes were effective in improving patient-related outcomes. However, current evidence is insufficient to declare which interventions are effective in improving dementia care in acute hospitals. Future research should focus on relevant patient and family caregiver outcomes and must to consider the complexity of the interventions. Trial registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018111032.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of microbiota transfer therapy for the management of autism spectrum disorder in children: a systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Pablo Daniel Estrella Porter ◽  
Luis Eduardo Guzmán Freire ◽  
Joseth Paulina Adatty Molina ◽  
María Verónica Burneo Raza ◽  
Henry Alejandro Carrión Celi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Level Of Evidence

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with an unclear etiologic mechanism. Following suggestions in the literature of a close relation between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system development, neuroimmune and neuroendocrine systems, new theories and strategies of the management of ASD in children focus on the brain-gut axis via microbiota transfer therapy. Despite the regular appearance in the news, the level of evidence supporting this intervention is unclear and to this date, no systematic review on this issue has been published. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of the efficacy and safety of microbiota transfer therapy for the management of ASD in children. MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS IBECS via BVS, EMBASE via Ovid, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched on 19th April 2018. Results: One single study published in 2017 was identified. The intervention group included 18 patients and showed significant clinical improvements in the gastrointestinal and ASD-related symptoms. The clinical procedure was reported as safe and well-tolerated with some transitory adverse effects. Conclusions: The causality and correlation of the intervention and the expected outcomes cannot be assumed with current evidence. In addition, recommendations about the effectiveness or safety of microbiota transfer therapy in children with ASD cannot be currently issued. Randomized controlled trials and clinical protocols for the intervention are needed.

Cognitive assessment tools in Asia: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshaslina Rosli ◽  
Maw Pin Tan ◽  
William Keith Gray ◽  
Pathmawathi Subramanian ◽  
Ai-Vyrn Chin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Keywords Dementia

ABSTRACTBackground:The prevalence of dementia is increasing in Asia than in any other continent. However, the applicability of the existing cognitive assessment tools is limited by differences in educational and cultural factors in this setting. We conducted a systematic review of published studies on cognitive assessments tools in Asia. We aimed to rationalize the results of available studies which evaluated the validity of cognitive tools for the detection of cognitive impairment and to identify the issues surrounding the available cognitive impairment screening tools in Asia.Methods:Five electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Science Direct) were searched using the keywords dementia Or Alzheimer Or cognitive impairment And screen Or measure Or test Or tool Or instrument Or assessment, and 2,381 articles were obtained.Results:Thirty-eight articles, evaluating 28 tools in seven Asian languages, were included. Twenty-nine (76%) of the studies had been conducted in East Asia with only four studies conducted in South Asia and no study from northern, western, or central Asia or Indochina. Local language translations of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were assessed in 15 and six studies respectively. Only three tools (the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire, the Picture-based Memory Intelligence Scale, and the revised Hasegawa Dementia Screen) were derivedde novofrom Asian populations. These tools were assessed in five studies. Highly variable cut-offs were reported for the MMSE (17–29/30) and MoCA (21–26/30), with 13/19 (68%) of studies reporting educational bias.Conclusions:Few cognitive assessment tools have been validated in Asia, with no published validation studies for many Asian nations and languages. In addition, many available tools display educational bias. Future research should include concerted efforts to develop culturally appropriate tools with minimal educational bias.

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