scholarly journals Childhood risk factors for adult cardiovascular disease and primary prevention in childhood

Heart ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1701-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
D S Celermajer ◽  
J. G J Ayer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Childhood Risk Factors

The burden of cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Middle East: A systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on primary prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula ◽  
Abdullah Shehab ◽  
Anhar Ullah ◽  
Jamal Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
History Of

Background: The increasing incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) threatens the Middle Eastern population. Several epidemiological studies have assessed CVD and its risk factors in terms of the primary prevention of CVD in the Middle East. Therefore, summarizing the information from these studies is essential. Aim: We conducted a systematic review to assess the prevalence of CVD and its major risk factors among Middle Eastern adults based on the literature published between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 and carried out a meta-analysis. Methods: We searched electronic databases such as PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar to identify literature published from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018. All the original articles that investigated the prevalence of CVD and reported at least one of the following factors were included: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, smoking and family history of CVD. To summarize CVD prevalence, we performed a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: A total of 41 potentially relevant articles were included, and 32 were included in the meta-analysis (n=191,979). The overall prevalence of CVD was 10.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1-14.3%, p<0.001) in the Middle East. A high prevalence of CVD risk factors, such as dyslipidaemia (43.3%; 95% CI: 21.5-68%), hypertension (26.2%; 95% CI: 19.6-34%) and diabetes (16%; 95% CI: 9.9-24.8%), was observed. The prevalence rates of other risk factors, such as smoking (12.4%; 95% CI: 7.7-19.4%) and family history of CVD (18.7%; 95% CI: 15.4-22.5%), were also high. Conclusion: The prevalence of CVD is high (10.1%) in the Middle East. The burden of dyslipidaemia (43.3%) in this region is twice as high as that of hypertension (26.2%) and diabetes mellitus (16%). Multifaceted interventions are urgently needed for the primary prevention of CVD in this region.

scholarly journals Risk factors control for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: Evidence from the Aragon Workers Health Study (AWHS)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0193541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Aguilar-Palacio ◽  
Sara Malo ◽  
Cristina Feja ◽  
MªJesús Lallana ◽  
Montserrat León-Latre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

scholarly journals Update of Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients Without Known Cardiovascular Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Miloje Tomasevic ◽  
Srdjan Aleksandric ◽  
Sinisa Stojkovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract Platelet activation and aggregation play a critical role in thrombosis, a fundamental pathophysiologic event responsible for the acute clinical manifestations of atherothrombotic events such as acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack and peripheral artery disease. Dual antiplatelet therapy (low-dose aspirin plus ADP-P2Y12 receptor blockers) has become the cornerstone of therapy for the management of acute and chronic coronary artery disease and the prevention of ischemic complications associated with percutaneous coronary intervention. However, dual antiplatelet therapy in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients without known cardiovascular disease did not significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, stroke or death, but significantly increased the rate of bleeding. Furthermore, despite multiple randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of aspirin use in patients without known cardiovascular disease, its role in primary prevention is still unclear, especially in patients with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (non-diabetic individuals with >2 risk factors for coronary artery disease, elderly >60 years with additional risk factors, and patients with diabetes). Currently, there are four ongoing randomized controlled trials aiming to fill the missing gap in the efficacy and safety of aspirin therapy for primary prevention in these patients. The current European and United States Guidelines agree that primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is essential, but there are some substantial differences in risk estimation and treatment strategies among patients without known cardiovascular disease. This short review is focused on these differences and practical treatment approach to these patients based on present European and United States recommendations.

A Review of Five Major Community-Based Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Programs. Part I: Rationale, Design, and Theoretical Framework

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Shea ◽  
Charles E. Basch
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Prevention ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Community Based

Major community-based cardiovascular disease prevention programs have been conducted in North Karelia, Finland; the state of Minnesota; Pawtucket, Rhode Island; and in three communities and more recently in five cities near Stanford, California. These primary prevention programs aim to reduce cardiovascular disease incidence by reducing risk factors in whole communities. These risk factors are smoking, high blood cholesterol, diet high in cholesterol and saturated fat, hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. This strategy may be contrasted with secondary prevention programs directed at patients who already have symptomatic cardiovascular disease and “high risk” primary prevention programs directed at individuals found through screening to have one or more risk factors. The design of the five major programs is similar in that intervention communities are matched for purposes of evaluation with nearby comparision communities. Underlying these programs are theories of community health education, social learning, communication, social marketing, and community activation, as well as more traditional biomedical and public health disciplines. This is Part I of a two-part article.

Understanding primary prevention of cardiovascular disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 278-281
Author(s):  
Beverley Bostock
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Practice Nurses ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Risk Reduction Strategies

Cardiovascular disease causes significant morbidity and mortality across the UK. Beverley Bostock looks at the role practice nurses can play in the primary prevention of this condition Nurses working in general practice play an important role in identifying those at risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and implementing person-focused risk reduction strategies. The NHS Health Check programme was designed to identify people between the age of 40 and 74 years with risk factors for CVD. Nurses in general practice have a key role to play in encouraging people to attend Health Checks and helping people to understand the potential benefits of CVD risk assessment and reduction strategies. Lifestyle interventions and pharmacological management allow modifiable risk factors to be managed in an evidence-based and person-focused way.

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