SM 04-1272 Under-reporting of vulnerable road users in official eu road accident statistics – implications for road safety and added value of eu idb hospital data

Author(s):  
Robert Bauer ◽  
Monica Steiner ◽  
Alexandra Khnelt-Leddihn ◽  
Wim Rogmans ◽  
Rupert Kisser
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5333-5377
Author(s):  
Santiago Osnaya Baltierra

El presente trabajo emerge en el marco del Decenio para la Seguridad Vial (DSV) 2011-2020 propuesto por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (WHO, 2011). México fue uno de los países que se adhirió al programa, debido al alto número de siniestros de tránsito registrados anualmente. En el DSV se propone un plan de acciones para reducir el índice de accidentes viales en el mundo, las cuales están integradas en cuatro grupos (pilares) a saber, pilar uno “Gestión de la seguridad vial”, pilar dos “Vías de tránsito y movilidad más segura, pilar tres “Vehículos más seguros”, pilar cuatro “Usuarios de vías de tránsito más seguras” y pilar cinco “Respuestas tras los accidentes”. La investigación que aquí se ofrece, obedece al pilar dos, y de manera específica, al apartado de proyectos de investigación que permitan evaluar posibles mejoras en materia de seguridad dirigida a los usuarios más vulnerables en las vialidades. En este contexto, la indagación busca identificar desde un enfoque semiótico las causas que pueden ocasionar un accidente de tránsito en un crucero vial, en el que se observe una relación directa entre los dispositivos para el control de tránsito (señales) y los peatones. Con el fin de interpretar, comprender y explicar dicho fenómeno, para con ello proponer soluciones que mitiguen la problemática.   This work arises from the Decade for Road Safety (DSV) 2011-2020 proposed by the United Nations (WHO: 2011). Mexico was one of the countries where this program was introduced, because of the high number of traffic accidents recorded annually. The DOV proposes a plan of actions to reduce the global road accident rate, which are integrated into four groups (pillars), pillar one "Road safety management", pillar two "Safer roads and mobility", pillar three "Safer vehicles", pillar four "Safer road users" and pillar five "Post-crash responses". Thus, the research offered here, refers to pillar two, and more specifically, to the section on research projects in order to evaluate possible improvements in the area of safety for the most vulnerable road users. In this context, the research seeks to identify from a semiotic approach the causes that can lead to a traffic accident at a crossroads, in which a direct relationship between traffic control devices (signs) and pedestrians can be observed. In order to interpret, understand and explain this phenomenon and propose solutions to mitigate the problem.


2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bauer ◽  
M Steiner ◽  
A Kühnelt-Leddhin ◽  
R Lyons ◽  
S Turner ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 977-993
Author(s):  
Monika Ucińska ◽  
Małgorzata Pełka

Abstract According to the analysis by the National Police Headquarters, roughly 40% of all road accident victims in Poland are vulnerable road users (VRU), i.e. pedestrians and cyclists. Their protection has become one of the priorities for action regarding road safety. For this purpose, various activities are carried out aimed not only at human behaviour or the development of modern and safe road infrastructures but also at the development of modern vehicles, including advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). In order to identify the limitations of the currently available driver assistance systems, designed to respond to VRU, research was carried out under the project name, “PEDICRASH: Safety aspects of VRU in CAD automated vehicles.” The project was aimed at increasing users’ awareness (both pedestrians and drivers) of the limitations of ADAS by analysing barriers and indicating recommendations allowing for more effective protection of pedestrians and cyclists due to the identified operating limitations of these systems. The research focused on the autonomous emergency braking (AEB) system and its potential impact on the level of road safety, with particular emphasis on VRU.


Safety ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Robert Zůvala ◽  
Kateřina Bucsuházy ◽  
Veronika Valentová ◽  
Jindřich Frič

Road accident occurrence is often the result of driving system malfunctions, and road safety improvements need to focus on all basic driving components—the vehicle, road infrastructure, and road users. Only focusing on one type of improvement does not necessarily lead to increased road safety. Instead, improved road safety requires comprehensive measures that consider all factors using in-depth accident analysis. The proposed measures, based on the findings from in-depth data that have general applicability, are necessary to determine whether data gained from in-depth studies adequately represent national statistics. This article aims to verify the representativeness of the Czech In-Depth Accident Study at a national level. The main contribution of this article lies in the use of a weighting method (specifically, a raking procedure) to generalise research results and render them applicable to a whole population. The obtained results could be beneficial at the national level, in the Czech Republic, and also on the supranational level. The applicability of this method on accident data is verified; thus, the method can be applied also in other countries or can be used to verify the applicability of conclusions from the Czech in-depth study also on a European or worldwide level.


Safety ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Demasi ◽  
Giuseppe Loprencipe ◽  
Laura Moretti

Attention to the most vulnerable road users has grown rapidly over recent decades. The experience gained reveals an important number of fatalities due to accidents in urban branch roads. In this study, an analytical methodology for the calculation of urban branch road safety is proposed. The proposal relies on data collected during road safety inspections; therefore, it can be implemented even when historical data about traffic volume or accidents are not available. It permits us to identify geometric, physical, functional, and transport-related defects, and elements which are causal factors of road accidents, in order to assess the risk of death or serious injuries for users. Traffic volume, average speed, and expected consequences on vulnerable road users in case of an accident allow us to calculate both the level of danger of each homogeneous section which composes the road, and the hazard index of the overall branch. A case study is presented to implement the proposed methodology. The strategy proposed by the authors could have a significant impact on the risk management of urban roads, and could be used in decision-making processes to design safer roads and improve the safety of existing roads.


Author(s):  
Rune Elvik

It is an objective of transport policy in many countries and cities to promote walking, cycling and the use of public transport. This policy seeks to improve public health and reduce emissions contributing to global warming. It is, however, very likely that more walking, cycling and use of public transport will be associated with an increase in traffic injury. Moreover, it is likely that most of this increase will go unnoticed and not be recorded in official road accident statistics. Official statistics on traffic injury are known to be very incomplete as far as injuries to pedestrians, cyclists and public transport passengers are concerned. This incompleteness is a problem when assessing health impacts of more walking, cycling and travel by public transport. In this paper, studies made in the city of Oslo, Norway (population 700,000) are used to develop numerical examples showing how the estimated real and recorded number of injuries may change when 10% of person km of travel performed by car are transferred to walking, cycling or public transport. It is shown that not more than about 2% of the estimated change in the actual number of injured road users will be recorded by official statistics on traffic injury.


Author(s):  
Francis P. D. Navin ◽  
Arthur Bergan ◽  
Guanyu Zhang

A fundamental relationship has been developed that explains road accident statistics in developed and developing countries. The model uses two variables, traffic hazard measured as deaths per vehicle and motorization measured as vehicles per person, to estimate personal hazard as deaths per person. Special cases of the model are those by Smeed, Trinca et al., and Koornstra. The model of fatalities has two extremes. Early motorization has high traffic hazard and personal safety is low and increasing. Full motorization is characterized by a moderate and falling traffic hazard and a low and decreasing personal safety. Between these extremes, there is a maximum number of fatalities per population. Models for personal injury and total road accidents in developed countries appear to follow a similar trend. Available world data fit the proposed relationships well. The models allow planners and engineers to estimate the future maximum road fatalities for developing countries. The model has been extended to incorporate an automobile ownership model that explains some of the growth in motorization. A traffic hazard model is also outlined, in part on the basis of the ideas developed by Koornstra. The extended models should allow a more detailed analysis of some of the social and engineering factors that contribute to road safety.


Author(s):  
Meisam Siamidoudaran ◽  
Mehdi Siamidodaran ◽  
Hilmiye Konuralp

Prediction models have been extensively used in the field of road safety, however, none of these models have been particularly applied to zero-emission electric vehicle (EV) related injuries so far; which may lead to different outcomes due to their inaudible engines. Using an optimizable classification tree, this first-ever study aims to predict the likelihood of personal injury severities stemming from EV-related crashes on Britain's roads. The prediction model was found to be capable of detecting significant and insignificant factors. The factors provide important insights into how the severity of injuries can be reduced in the future deployment of EVs. Although there was an increased risk for injuries classified as ‘slight severity’, particularly at lower urban speed limits, several predictors are suggesting that EVs do not pose more of a risk to a certain group. Contrary to popular belief, no convincing evidence has been found to suggest that eco-friendly EVs are ‘silent killers’ for vulnerable road users.


Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarra Smaiah ◽  
Rabah Sadoun ◽  
Abdelhafid Elouardi ◽  
Bruno Larnaudie ◽  
Samir Bouaziz ◽  
...  

Motorcycle drivers are considered among the most vulnerable road users, as attested by the number of crashes increasing every year. The significant part of the fatalities relates to “single vehicle” loss of control in bends. During this investigation, a system based on an instrumented multi-sensor platform and an algorithmic study was developed to accurately reconstruct motorcycle trajectories achieved when negotiating bends. This system is used by the French Gendarmerie in order to objectively evaluate and to examine the way riders take their bends in order to better train riders to adopt a safe trajectory and to improve road safety. Data required for the reconstruction are acquired using a motorcycle that has been fully instrumented (in VIROLO++ Project) with several redundant sensors (reference sensors and low-cost sensors) which measure the rider actions (roll, steering) and the motorcycle behavior (position, velocity, acceleration, odometry, heading, and attitude). The proposed solution allowed the reconstruction of motorcycle trajectories in bends with a high accuracy (equal to that of fixed point positioning). The developed algorithm will be used by the French Gendarmerie in order to objectively evaluate and examine the way riders negotiate bends. It will also be used for initial training and retraining in order to better train riders to learn and estimate a safe trajectory and to increase the safety, efficiency and comfort of motorcycle riders.


2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 644-648
Author(s):  
Syed Tarmizi Syed Shazali ◽  
Anand Selvam ◽  
Zamri Bujang

Road accident is one of the top ten causes of deaths around the world. Malaysia is not an exception as in the year 2007 there were 6282 road traffic fatalities and 21363 non-fatal road traffic injuries. Research on hazard perception skill of drivers in recent years shows that the driving skill is a mian factor of accident causation and accident prevention. A video-based hazard perception test and questionnaires were used to study the effect of experience, type of hazards, and type of driving settings to the hazard perception skill of Malaysian drivers. The findings of the study shows that in general experienced drivers have better hazard perception than novice drivers, and experience in road accident contributes toward the development of hazard perception more significantly among novice drivers. The study also shows that both driver groups have slowest perception on hazards caused by vulnerable road users. Drivers also perceive hazards faster in rural areas compared to residential and city areas.


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