Does aspirin use reduce the risk for cancer?

Recently, studies have reported that aspirin has chemopreventive properties. In this study, we used the Taiwan NHI database, which covers a population of 23 million (99.99%) Taiwanese from 2001 to 2011. This was a case–control study which identified 601,733 patients using ICD-9-CM codes who were diagnosed with cancer. Each case with 4 eligible controls was matched for age, sex, and index date and adjusted for confounding factors. The observed overall cancer risk (adjusted OR (AOR), 0.95; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.96) reduced with aspirin use, specifically, colorectal (AOR, 0.97; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.99) and digestive system (AOR, 0.96; 95% CI 0.94 to 0.98) cancers. Findings from the Asian population would contribute to the discussion on aspirin's safety profile.

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Association of DNMT3B -283T>C polymorphism with risk of lung and gastric cancer: a case-control study and a meta-analysis

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.5301/ijbm.5000306 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 195-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xianhong Feng ◽

Jingdong Wang ◽

Xiuli Gu ◽

Jingli Zhang ◽

Xiaolin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Lung Cancer Risk ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Asian Population ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

Purpose: To investigate the association of DNMT3B -283T>C polymorphism with the risk of lung or gastric cancer, which was followed by a meta-analysis. Methods: The genotyping of -283T>C was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and was confirmed by sequencing. Results: The results of this case-control study showed that -283T>C was not associated with the risk of lung or gastric cancer, and further stratified analysis according to age, gender, smoking status, and alcohol status confirmed the present finding. However, data from a meta-analysis in the Asian population revealed a significant association between -283T>C and lung cancer risk in the allelic model (C vs. T: odds ratio [OR] = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.55, p = 0.01) and two genetic models (CC vs. TC: OR = 1.29, 95% CI, 1.04-1.59, p = 0.02; CC vs. TC + TT: OR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.06-1.60, p = 0.01). Conclusions: These results provided evidence that the DNMT3B -283T>C polymorphism might significantly contribute to the lung cancer risk in the Asian population, but not the gastric cancer risk in the Chinese population.

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Thyroid disorders and breast cancer risk in Asian population: a nationwide population-based case–control study in Taiwan

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020194 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. e020194 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chien-Hsiang Weng ◽

Yi-Huei Chen ◽

Ching-Heng Lin ◽

Xun Luo ◽

Tseng-Hsi Lin

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Index Date ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Asian Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Thyroid Disorders ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism increases the risk of subsequent breast cancer in an Asian population.DesignNationwide population-based case–control study.SettingAll healthcare facilities in Taiwan.ParticipantsA total of 103 466 women (mean age 53.3 years) were enrolled.Methods51 733 adult women with newly diagnosed primary breast cancer without a previous cancer history between 2006 and 2011 were identified and included in our study. 51 733 women with no cancer diagnosis prior to the index date were age matched as controls. Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism prior to the diagnosis of breast cancer or the same index date was identified, age, histories of thyroid disease treatment, oestrogen use and radioactive iodine treatment were adjusted.Main outcome measuresTo identify risk differences in developing breast cancer among patients with a medical history of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.ResultsThere was a significantly increased risk of breast cancer in women with hyperthyroidism under the age of 55 years (age <45: OR 1.16, P=0.049; age 45–55: OR 1.15, P=0.019). Patients with hypothyroidism also showed an increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.19, P=0.029) without statistical significance after stratification by age group (age <45, 45–55, >55 years). Treatment for thyroid disorders did not alter the association in subgroup analyses (P=0.857; 0.262, respectively).ConclusionsAsian women under 55 years of age with history of hyperthyroidism have a significantly increased risk of breast cancer regardless of treatment. Women with history of hypothyroidism may also have an increased risk.

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Increasing cancer risk over calendar year in people with multiple sclerosis: a case–control study

Journal of Neurology ◽

10.1007/s00415-020-10170-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chiara Zecca ◽

Giulio Disanto ◽

Rosaria Sacco ◽

Sharon MacLachlan ◽

Jens Kuhle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Index Date ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Data on cancer prevalence and incidence in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are controversial. This study is aimed at estimating cancer risk in MS patients. Methods Nested case–control study using data collected between 01/01/1987 and 28/02/2016 from the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Cancer diagnoses after first MS code (index date) was counted in 10,204 MS patients and 39,448 controls matched by sex, age, general practitioner, and registration year. Cancer rates were compared using multivariable Cox regression models. Ethics approval was not required. Results Cancer was reported in 433 (4.41%) MS patients and 2014 (5.31%) controls after index date. Cancer risk was associated with gender (HR for female = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.81–0.96, p = 0.004), age at index date (HR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.06–1.07, p < 0.001), and index year (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00–1.02, p = 0.016), but not with MS status (HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.86–1.05, p = 0.323). A significant interaction between MS status and index year was found (HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.00–1.04, p = 0.022). Cancer risk was positively associated with index year among MS patients (HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01–1.05; p = 0.010), but not controls (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.99–1.02; p = 0.144). MS patients compared to controls had no increased risk for any specific cancer type. Conclusions Overall cancer risk was similar in multiple sclerosis patients and matched controls. The frequency of cancer diagnoses has increased over time among MS patients but not in controls.

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Association of plasma retinol levels with incident cancer risk in Chinese hypertensive adults: a nested case–control study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451900120x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 122 (03) ◽

pp. 293-300

Author(s):

Liling Xie ◽

Yun Song ◽

Tengfei Lin ◽

Huiyuan Guo ◽

Binyan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Risk ◽

Digestive System ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Incident Cancer ◽

Digestive Cancers ◽

Plasma Retinol ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the association between plasma retinol and incident cancer among Chinese hypertensive adults. We conducted a nested case–control study, including 231 patients with incident cancer and 231 matched controls during a median 4·5-year follow-up of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. There was a significant, inverse association between retinol levels and digestive system cancer (per 10 μg/dl increases: OR 0·79; 95 % CI 0·69, 0·91). When compared with participants in the first quartile of retinol (< 52·3 μg/dl), a significantly lower cancer risk was found in participants in quartile 2–4 ( ≥ 52·3 μg/dl: OR 0·31; 95 % CI 0·13, 0·71). However, there was a U-shaped association between retinol levels and non-digestive system cancers where the risk of cancers decreased (although not significantly) with each increment of plasma retinol (per 10 μg/dl increases: OR 0·89; 95 % CI 0·60, 1·31) in participants with retinol < 68·2 μg/dl, and then increased significantly with retinol (per 10 μg/dl increase: OR 1·65; 95 % CI 1·12, 2·44) in participants with retinol ≥ 68·2 μg/dl. In conclusion, there was a significant inverse dose–response association between plasma retinol and the risk of digestive system cancers. However, a U-shaped association was observed between plasma retinol and the risk of non-digestive cancers (with a turning point approximately 68·2 μg/dl).

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Influence of body mass index on breast cancer risk related dietary patterns among women in Northern Tanzania: a case-control study

Das Gesundheitswesen ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1283501 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 73 (08/09) ◽

Author(s):

I Jordan ◽

A Hebestreit ◽

B Swai ◽

M Krawinkel

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Body Mass ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Northern Tanzania ◽

Control Study

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Dietary Fat and Vitamin E in Prostate Cancer Risk Among African Americans and West Africans: A Case-Control Study

10.21236/ada433884 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Flora A. Ukoli ◽

Ernest Smith ◽

Alecia Malin ◽

Barbara Zhao ◽

Usifo Osime ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Vitamin E ◽

African Americans ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Case Control ◽

West Africans ◽

Control Study

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Prostate Cancer Risk in Relation to IGF-I and Its Genetic Determinants: A Case Control Study Within the Cancer Prostate Sweden Project (CAPS)

10.21236/ada427146 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Rudolf J. Kaaks

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Prostate Cancer Risk ◽

Case Control ◽

Genetic Determinants ◽

Igf I ◽

Cancer Prostate ◽

Control Study

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A case–control study in France showing that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95955-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mariem Hajji-Louati ◽

Emilie Cordina-Duverger ◽

Nasser Laouali ◽

Francesca-Romana Mancini ◽

Pascal Guénel

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Hormone Receptors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Breast Cancer Subtype ◽

Case Control ◽

Tumor Subtype ◽

Control Study

AbstractDietary regimens promoting inflammatory conditions have been implicated in breast cancer development, but studies on the association between pro-inflammatory diet and breast cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. We investigated the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and breast cancer risk in a case–control study in France including 872 breast cancer cases and 966 population controls. All women completed a food frequency questionnaire that was used to compute a Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) based on the inflammatory weight of 33 dietary components. The DII ranged from a median of − 3.22 in the lowest quartile (anti-inflammatory) to + 2.96 in the highest quartile (pro-inflammatory). The odds ratio contrasting quartile 4 to quartile 1 was 1.31 (95% CI 1.00, 1.73; p-trend = 0.02). Slightly higher odds ratios were observed in post-menopausal women, particularly those with body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (odds ratio 1.62; 95% CI 0.92, 2.83; p-trend = 0.02), and among ever smokers (odds ratio 1.71; 95% CI 1.11, 2.65; p-trend 0.01). The analyses by breast cancer subtype showed that the DII was associated with breast tumors that expressed either the estrogen (ER) or progesterone (PR) hormone receptors or the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), but no association was seen for the triple negative breast tumor subtype. Our results add further evidence that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with breast cancer risk with possible effect variation according to tumor subtype.

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