2 Combat use of opioid analgesia and its complications: a retrospective review of data from OP herrick

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 224.2-224
Author(s):  
P Lewis ◽  
C Wright ◽  
C Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Opioid Analgesia ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Fentanyl Citrate ◽  
Opium Abuse ◽  
Battlefield Environment ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Combat Environment

BackgroundOn the battlefield, acute pain, particularly secondary to trauma, is a common condition which requires treatment in the pre-hospital, evacuation and hospital settings. The use of morphine to manage pain during combat has been well established since the 19th century. Despite this, there are relatively few papers reviewing analgesia use in a combat environment. This study aims to review the use and complications from morphine and other opioids during Op HERRICK.MethodsA database search of the Joint Theatre Trauma Registry (JTTR) was carried out looking for all incidences of administration of either morphine, fentanyl or naloxone from January 2007 to September 2014. Microsoft Excel was then used to analyse the dataset and perform descriptive statistics on the data retrieved.ResultsOpioid analgesia was administered to 5801 casualties. Morphine was administered 6742 times to 3808 patients. Fentanyl was administered 9672 times to 4318 patients. Naloxone was used 18 times on 14 patients, giving a complication rate of 0.24%. Opioid doses prior to naloxone administration range from 0–72 mg of morphine and 0–100 mcg of fentanyl. 4 casualties (2 local civilian and 2 coalition forces) received naloxone despite no recorded opioids being administered. Opium abuse was prevalent amongst the local population in Afghanistan, and this could explain the rationale behind 2 local national casualties receiving naloxone without any documented opioids being given.ConclusionThe use of opioids in a battlefield environment is extremely safe, with very few incidences of complications requiring the use of naloxone. Complication rates are comparable to previously published research. We are unable to comment on the effectiveness of opioids in relieving pain in this study, and further research is needed, particularly following the introduction of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) and the availability of non-opioid analgesia.

scholarly journals Opioid analgesia on the battlefield: a retrospective review of data from Operation HERRICK

2018 ◽  
Vol 164 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pip Lewis ◽  
C Wright ◽  
C Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Opioid Analgesia ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Fentanyl Citrate ◽  
Opium Abuse ◽  
Battlefield Environment ◽  
The 19Th Century

BackgroundAcute pain secondary to trauma is commonly encountered on the battlefield. The use of morphine to manage pain during combat has been well established since the 19th century. Despite this, there is relatively little research on analgesia use in this environment. This study aims to review the use and complications of morphine and other opioids during Operation HERRICK.MethodsA database search of the Joint Theatre Trauma Registry was completed looking for all incidences of morphine, fentanyl or naloxone use from February 2007 to September 2014. Microsoft Excel was used to analyse the results.ResultsOpioid analgesia was administered to 5801 casualties. Morphine was administered 6742 times to 3808 patients. Fentanyl was administered 9672 times to 4318 patients. Naloxone was used 18 times on 14 patients, giving a complication rate of 0.24%. Opioid doses prior to naloxone administration range from 0 to 72 mg of morphine and from 0 to 100 mcg of fentanyl. Four casualties (two local civilians and two coalition forces) received naloxone despite no recorded opioids being administered. Opium abuse was prevalent among the local population in Afghanistan, and this could explain the rationale behind two local national casualties receiving naloxone without any documented opioids being given.ConclusionThe use of opioids in a battlefield environment is extremely safe. Complication rates are similar to previously published data which is reassuring. The efficacy of different opioids was not covered by this study, and further analysis is required, particularly following the introduction of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate and the availability of novel non-opioid analgesics.

The Methodistical way: Revivalism and popular resistance to the Wesleyan Church discipline in the Stanstead Circuit, Lower Canada, 1821-52

2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-194
Author(s):  
J.I. Little
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Church Discipline ◽  
Popular Resistance ◽  
Lower Canada ◽  
The Face ◽  
Wesleyan Church ◽  
The 19Th Century

This essay examines the dynamic between the British Wesleyan missionaries and the American-origin population of the Stanstead Circuit within Lower Canada's Eastern Townships. It finds that early revivals were followed by years of slow church growth and stagnation as the missionaries were unable, or unwilling, to develop the lay leadership network that was a central feature of the Methodist system. By the middle of the 19th century, attempts to impose the church discipline on the local population had made relatively little progress in the face of the Rebellions of 1837-38, the Millerite religious revival, the incursion of radical Methodist splinter groups, and ongoing popular resistance to an externally dictated denominational exclusivism that posed a threat to local community bonds.

scholarly journals Case Article—Swirltubs After-Market Product Inventory and Service Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Test Problem ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Market Product ◽  
Small Test ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Product Inventory ◽  
Published Research

In the Swirltubs case, students apply expected value decision making to a knapsack problem for appliance repairmen. The case is based on a published research paper on work that was actually implemented for a major appliance manufacturer. The case features three parts: (1) problem understanding and definition; (2) optimization results for a small, test problem; and (3) creation and testing of a heuristic for a large-scale implementation that exceeds the limits of Microsoft Excel®. Optionally, an instructor can add risk-analysis simulation and reoptimization under uncertainty in subsequent parts of the project, making it a total of five parts. The case is highly interactive, owing to the relatively unstructured nature of the problem. I have implemented the case over a two- and three-week period format, with upper-level master’s in business administration or master’s in analytics students who have been exposed previously to optimization methods. It has been administered to dozens of students with generally positive feedback.

scholarly journals The role of Jazzar Pasha in the destruction of the sacral monuments on Kosovo: An example of tradition entering historiography

2018 ◽  
pp. 849-872
Author(s):  
Uros Sesum
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
The 19Th Century

lore from Kosovo, regarding systematic destruction of Serbian medieval churches and monasteries, committed by the local and semi-independent Jashar pasha in the early 19th century, was introduced in Serbian historiography by way of Serbian travelogue literature during the second half of 19th and early 20th century. According to lore, Pasha destroyed monasteries Vojsilovica and Burinci, Samodreza church and several other village churches for the purpose of using building materials for his water mills. Allegedly, construction materials of destroyed church in Lipljan and several surrounding village churches were used for construction of the bridge on river Sitnica, while, also allegedly, he took the floor from Gracanica monastery for his hamam. Lead from the monastery roof was used to cover the mosque in Pristina. After a critical analysis of such lore, it can be stated that Pasha did not demolish a singe church or monastery, but in fact, for his projects, he used materials from the already destroyed temples. These writings of lore, combined with the local population?s perception of him as a cruel master, left a historic view of him as being the main destroyer of Serbian medieval churches and monasteries. Release of lore version of Serbian history, made by folklore writers, contributed to the rapid dissemination of inaccurate information. This had an encouraging affect which, as time went on, associated Pasha?s name with the large number of destroyed churches. In Serbian historiography such usage of travelogue literature from the 19th century and further developed oral tradition recorded by ethnologists as relevant historical sources, have led to the adoption of unverified data as historical fact.

scholarly journals Awareness of COVID-19 outbreak in local population of Maval taluka in Maharashtra, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2378
Author(s):  
Shilpa A. Pratinidhi ◽  
Anjum A. K. Sayyed ◽  
Mohak A. Tilokchandani ◽  
Sudnya V. Malode ◽  
Siddhi S. Bhalgat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Swine Flu ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Difference

Background: There is a growing fear and perceived threat about coronavirus among local population. The population, inclusive of all age groups is making use of available media such as internet, social media, newspapers and television to make themselves aware. There is no authenticity and information may be wrong. Since, corona has become major cause of concern, present study was carried out to bring the awareness and educate them about coronavirus among the local population.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on COVID-19 by using online Google based questionnaire in Maval area to assess the knowledge and awareness about corona virus among the 125 local participants. The questionnaire consisted of 10 validated peer reviewed questions covering various aspects of COVID-19 awareness were voluntarily filled by participants. Data was analysed in Microsoft Excel 2010.Results: Present findings revealed that 94% participants knew that COVID-19 is caused by the corona was first detected in Wuhan China and the first case of the same was reported in Kerala was known to 60% respondents. The virus remains on the surface of mobiles was known to 11% participants.76.8% participants apprised 2-14 days being the incubation period of the virus. Patients with two or more comorbidities can develop severe COVID-19 was known to 46.6% participants. Only 5% participants knew the difference between swine flu and corona virus. Nearly 89% participants knew soap is the best material for cleaning in the presence of dirt and about 51% participants knew the need of isolating persons with known COVID- 19 infection.Conclusions: Correct answers with scientific explanation were posted to the participants in the form of instantaneous feedback. Hence knowledge gained was increased by the participants. Their misconceptions were removed. More awareness can be brought & propagation of COVID-19 infection can be prevented even after lockdown period.

scholarly journals Documented Complications of Staple Hemorrhoidopexy: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesel J. Porrett ◽  
Jemma K. Porrett ◽  
Yik-Hong Ho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Staple Hemorrhoidopexy ◽  
Early Complications ◽  
Microsoft Excel

Abstract A systematic review addressing reported complications of stapled hemorrhoidopexy was conducted. Articles were identified via searching OVID and MEDLINE between July 2011 and October 2013. Limitations were placed on the search criteria with articles published from 1998 to 2013 being included in this review. No language restrictions were placed on the search, however foreign language articles were not translated. Two reviewers independently screened the abstracts for relevance and their suitability for inclusion. Data extraction was conducted by both reviewers and entered and analyzed in Microsoft Excel. The search identified 784 articles and 78 of these were suitable for inclusion in the review. A total of 14,232 patients underwent a stapled hemorrhoidopexy in this review. Overall complication rates of stapled hemorrhoidopexy ranged from 3.3%–81% with 5 mortalities documented. Early and late complications were defined individually with overall data suggesting that early complications ranged from 2.3%–58.9% and late complications ranged from 2.5%–80%. Complications unique to the procedure were identified and rates recorded. Both early and late complications unique to stapled hemorrhoidopexy were identified and assessed.

scholarly journals ON SOME ASPECTS OF ETHNO-DEMOGRAPIHICPROCESSES IN NORTH AZERBAIJAN IN THE 19th CENTURY

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahir Shahbazov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Demographic Structure ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
New Settlements

After the agreements signed between tsarist Russia and Iran and Turkey in the 19th century (The Gulustan Peace Treaty of 1813, Turkmenchay Peace Treaty of 1828 and Edirne Peace Treaty (The Treaty of Adrianople) of 1829), very serious political processes took place in NorthAzerbaijan. As a result of the tsarism’s resettlement policy, which served the plan to Russify and Christianize the region, a large number of Germans, Russians, Armenians, Poles, Greeks and other ethnic groups were resettled in the region. New settlements and villages were built for some of them, and some of them were settled on lands, villages and settlements belonging to local people. This, in turn, led to the migration of the local population, leaving their ancestral lands. Bazing on sources and literature is made attempts in the article to analyze these political events that have a significant impact on the ethno-demographic structure of North Azerbaijan.

scholarly journals Bibliographic analysis of Clinacanthus nutans papers in Scopus database (2000–2019)

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Yun Jin Kim ◽  
Linchao Qian ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Bibliographic Analysis ◽  
Final Study ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Clinacanthus Nutans ◽  
Full Text Version ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Text Version ◽  
Published Research

Background: There has been an increasing trend in Clinacanthus nutans’ research, an important medicinal herb of Malaysia and Thailand, well known as an anti-viral, anti-cancer, and insect bite treatment. This study examines the trend in Clinacanthus nutans’ research from 2000 to 2019 and compares the contribution of research on this topic from different institutions and authors. Methods: Publications from the Scopus database were retrieved using keywords and identify top ten institutions/universities, list of prominent authors, top ten  journals that published research, top five influential articles, top fifty cited papers, and global distribution of publications on Clinacanthus nutans. Microsoft Excel 2016, Wordcloud, SPSS version 26, and GunnMap 2 were used to analyse indicators. A total of 167 articles were identified from the Scopus database. All research publications were screened initially. Five articles (n=5) were removed due to the unavailability of the full-text version of the article. 162 articles were included in the final study. Results: Universiti Putra Malaysia and the Journal of Ethnopharmacology published the highest number of articles on Clinacanthus nutans. Herpes, antioxidant, phenolic, flavonoids, cancer, antimicrobial were common keywords identified using a word cloud. Over the past 20 years, the literature on Clinacanthus nutans has continuously grown, with the rate increasing after 2012. Conclusion: The prominent research on Clinacanthus nutans was based upon their identified and isolated bioactive constituents, and there is a need for more research on clinical trials.

scholarly journals Multisensor Hybrid Dynamic Alliance Formation Problem Using Sensitive Particle-Based Dynamic Discrete PSO

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Daozhi Wei ◽  
Zhaoyu Zhang ◽  
Jiahao Xie ◽  
Liang fu Yao ◽  
Ning Li
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Alliance Formation ◽  
Good Convergence ◽  
Dynamic Alliance ◽  
Intelligence Algorithm ◽  
Discrete Pso ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Algorithm ◽  
Battlefield Environment ◽  
Combat Environment

In recent years, with the wide application and popularization of artificial intelligence algorithm in the field of multisensor information processing, it has been a research hotspot to solve the problem of sensor alliance formation in the battlefield environment by using multisensor cross-cueing technology. Based on the establishment of the multisensor hybrid dynamic alliance model and objective function, a multisensor cross-cueing algorithm based on dynamic discrete particle swarm optimization (DDPSO) with sensitive particles is proposed and a mechanism of “predict re-predict” is proposed in the process of sensor handover. Simulations have verified the good convergence effect and small detection error of multisensor cross-cueing technology in solving alliance formation problems. Meanwhile, compared with “measurement and then update” and “predict and update” mechanisms, the proposed mechanism is more suitable to the changing combat environment. At the same time, to some extent, it also shows that the artificial intelligence algorithm is more suitable for multisensor information processing.

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