P II – 1–5 Exploring the impact of weather on physical activity in the face of climate change: a literature review and exploratory survey

Author(s):  
Janice Y Ho ◽  
Emily YY Chan ◽  
Holly CY Lam ◽  
Phoenix KH Mo
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soledad Moreno Gutiérrez Silvia ◽  
Toriz Palacios Alfredo ◽  
A. Ruiz-Vanoye Jorge ◽  
López Pérez Sócrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Kevin Volf ◽  
Liam Kelly ◽  
Enrique García Bengoechea ◽  
Blathin Casey ◽  
Anna Gobis ◽  
...  

Introduction: Over 40 million deaths annually are due to noncommunicable diseases, 15 million of these are premature deaths and physical inactivity attributes an estimated 9% to this figure. Global responses have included the sustainable development goals and the global action plan on physical activity. Both point to policy action in physical activity (PA) to address change, yet the impact of policy is unknown.  The protocol described outlines a systematic literature review that will be undertaken by the Policy Evaluation Network to address this knowledge gap. Protocol: This review of school PA policies is the first of seven planned reviews. The seven best investments for promotion of population PA identified in the Toronto Charter (whole-of-school programmes, transport policy, urban design policy, primary health care policy, public education policy, community programmes and sport programmes) will form the basis of these reviews. Seven individual scientific literature searches across six electronic databases, using key concepts of policy, PA, evaluation and a distinct concept for each area will be conducted. This will be supplemented with a search of the reference list of included articles. Methodological quality will be assessed and overall effectiveness for each included study will be described according to pre-determined categories. Conclusions: The review will provide policy makers with a list of policy statements and corresponding actions which the evidence has determined impact on PA directly or indirectly. By collating the evidence, and demonstrating the depth of the science base which informs these policy recommendations, this review will provide guidance to policymakers to use evidence-based or evidence-informed policies to achieve the 15% relative reduction in physical inactivity as defined by the ‘Global Action Plan on Physical Activity’. Registration:  PROSPERO CRD42020156630 (10/07/2020).


Author(s):  
Froilan D. Mobo

Today’s climate is unpredictable there are so many natural calamities which took place in our country which is the Philippines, two weeks ago because of the sudden changes of the weather in the Province of Zambales, the Philippines a strong tornado hits the town of Castillejos, Zambales which some of the electrical wirings were severely damaged because of the sudden change of the climate. The researcher is thinking of implementing a home gardening to each Municipality in our Province. By doing this it can help lessen the pollution in the air and it will help heal our Ozone Layer faster. The empirical evidence for the benefits of gardening and the advocate of the development and testing of socio-ecological models of community resilience through the impact of community gardens, especially in urban areas is highly effective(Okvat & Zautra, 2011). As lessening the air pollution will have a greater impact on our Ozone Layer no to deplete but it will heal the would faster. The present study revealed that local experiences in the face of climate change adaptation have merits that need special consideration(Anik & Khan, 2012). Also, the Researcher will implement this project in the Municipality of Subic, Zambales.


2017 ◽  
pp. 302-313
Author(s):  
Saon Ray

This chapter discusses what constitutes adaptation responses by firms in the face of climate change. There are four integral components of adaptation activities undertaken by firms: assessment of risk, understanding of vulnerability, understanding the regulatory barriers to overcome the vulnerability, and, finally, adoption of policies to overcome the vulnerability. While it is easy to understand these components separately, their interdependencies make the overall picture more complicated. Also complicating the issue is the fact that most small and medium firms do not have the capacity and resources to predict the impact of such changes on their operations, and hence, to quickly make the adjustments necessary to overcome them. The response of firms also depends on the nature of the climate risk they face, whether it is sea-level rise, or temperature rise.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 205316801771760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle L Saunders

Given the potential attitudinal and behavioral impact of Anthropogenic Global Warming (AGW) conspiracy beliefs, it is important to understand their causes and moderators. Here, two explanations for the variation in these beliefs are engaged: the first is the choice among elites to frame AGW using the phrase ‘global warming’ (GW) as opposed to ‘climate change’ (CC); the second is partisan motivated reasoning. A theory is then developed about the role of trust in moderating the impact of the two frames on AGW conspiracy beliefs. In the case of CC, which is perceived as less severe than GW (and is therefore less identity threatening among Republicans), it is hypothesized that trust will moderate hoax beliefs among Republicans. In the case of GW, where the implications of existence beliefs have policy consequences that are more unpleasant, motivated reasoning will ‘win out’, and trust will not moderate conspiracy endorsement among Republicans. The results from an original question framing experiment are consistent with the author’s hypotheses. Whilst trust is a welcome commodity to those looking to persuade citizens to support AGW-ameliorating policies, it is not a cure-all, especially in the face of elite partisan cues that edify pre-existing attitudes/identities and arouse a strong desire to engage in motivated reasoning.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mert Kükrer ◽  
C. Can Bilgin

Quantitative studies concerning the impact of climate change on pollinators are generally lacking. Relationship between honey bee diversity, present local adaptations and adaptive capacity of subspecies and ecotypes in the face of climate change is an urgent but rather poorly studied topic worldwide. Actually, such an effort lies at the crossroads of various fields of inquiry. Those include conservation of local honey bee diversity, breeding various local stocks for desirable traits, and enabling resilient ecosystem services. With the ever-increasing availability of genomic tools, now it is more probable than ever to simultaneously fill such gaps. Current knowledge and growing awareness on honey bee diversity in Turkey let us progress into a more systematic utilization of this resource through development of climate-conscious models. Here we provide a framework that takes genomic diversity into account for assessing and monitoring various aspects of species’ response to climate change which can potentially lead to drastic impacts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1724
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Kiefer ◽  
Rafaela Mattos Costa ◽  
Carina Petsch ◽  
Anderson Augusto Volpato Sccoti

Os efeitos das mudanças climáticas na erosividade possivelmente afetarão os processos erosivos no século 21, tornando emergente a discussão dessa temática. Sendo assim, os objetivos desta revisão de literatura são: traçar as relações entre a variação de perda de solos e erosividade diante de mudanças climáticas, apresentando produtos cartográficos das décadas passadas e para todo o século 21; apresentar um panorama geral de pesquisas (publicadas entre 2016-2020); e demonstrar quais são os desafios e próximos passos na pesquisa sobre esta temática. Para tanto, a pesquisa de artigos foi realizada nas plataformas do Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, Google Scholar e Science Direct, totalizando 33 artigos. Foram consideradas pesquisas de natureza conceitual, com revisões de literatura sobre os temas e de natureza procedimental com cálculos do fator R e estimativas de perda de solos. Os trabalhos consultados mostram que a erosividade estimada e a taxa de perda de solos devem aumentar e diminuir em função das futuras mudanças climáticas. Embora, em escala global, haja estimativas do aumento de erosividade para a área tropical do planeta, atingindo majoritariamente países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil. Isso demonstra a emergência da elaboração de estudos para o país, em escala regional, de bioma e de bacias hidrográficas. Nesse sentido, ressaltamos a importância da abordagem sistêmica, que pode ser proporcionada pela Geografia nos estudos desta temática, visto que os desafios se relacionam a dificuldade de integrar diversos fatores ambientais e obter dados de campo nas modelagens preditivas de perda de solo.  Overview of Changes in Rainfall and Erosion Patterns in the Face of Climate Change: Literature Review A B S T R A C TThe effects of climate change on erosivity are likely to affect erosion processes in the 21st century, which makes the discussion emerging. Thus, the goals of this literature review are: to trace the relationship between the variation in soil loss and erosivity in the face of climate change, presenting cartographic products from the past decades and for the entire 21st century; present an overview of research (published between 2016-2021); demonstrate challenges and next steps in research on this topic. Therefore, the search for papers was carried out on the platforms of the CAPES Journal Portal, Google Scholar and Science Direct, totaling 78 papers. Conceptual researches was considered, with literature reviews on the themes and procedural researches with calculations of the R factor and soil loss estimate. The consulted papers show that the estimated erosivity and the rate of soil loss are expected to increase and decrease as a result of future climate changes. Although, on a global scale, there are estimates of the increase in erosivity for the tropical area of the planet, mainly affecting developing countries like Brazil. This demonstrates the emergence of studies for the country, on a regional scale, of biomes and hydrographic basins. In this sense, we emphasize the importance of the systemic approach, which can be provided by Geography in the studies of this theme, since the challenges are related to the difficulty of integrating various environmental factors and obtaining field data in predictive models of soil loss.Keywords: erosivity, extreme precipitation events, global climate models


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-En Pai ◽  
Hsueh-Sheng Chang

<p>In recent years, the impact of climate change has caused critical risks to urban and rural systems, how to mitigate the damage caused by extreme climate events has become a topic of considerable concern in various countries in recent years. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) mentioned in the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 (Sendai Framework) that improving community resilience will help to deal with the harm caused by climate change. However, most of the previous research on resilience have only focused solely on urban or rural only, and have failed to clearly identify the differences in resilience between urban and rural areas. In fact, if we can understand the difference in resilience between urban and rural in the face of climate change, it will provide planners with better planning strategies or resource allocation. Based on this, the study first developed the resilience index through literature review, and then filtered and screened the index through Principle Component Analysis (PCA). After that, the resilience index was applied to empirical areas, and the spatial correlation of resilience was explored through Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA). Finally, the binary logistic regression is used to analyze the difference in resilience of urban or rural under climate change.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Anna Ostapenko

The essence of the “strategic planning” is explored and the peculiarities of strategic planning in the agricultural sector are defined. Global climate change as a factor stimulating the formation of new approaches to strategic planning of agricultural development is considered, and the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector of Ukraine is evaluated. A predictive model of changes in the parameters of agricultural production under expected climate change conditions is constructed, and organizational, socio-economical and environmental components of the strategy of agricultural development are outlined and the conceptual bases for improvement of strategic planning for the development of the agricultural sector in the face of climate change are substantiated.


Author(s):  
Chris Smart ◽  
Alan Elliott

The impact of climate change and its effects on gardens has so far received limited academic attention. This paper offers a partial correction of this imbalance by investigating the potential impact of climate change on a selection of common Scottish garden plants. A climate envelope modelling approach was taken, whereby wild species distribution data were used to build climate ‘envelopes’ or descriptions of the native climates of selected species. The envelope models were projected onto future climate scenarios for Scotland, allowing observations to be made regarding the climatic suitability of Scotland, both currently and into the future, for each of the plants studied. The models and predictions for four species are described here along with strengths and limitations of the methodology. It is suggested that this approach, or variations of it, could become a useful tool in forward planning for gardens in assisting efforts to mitigate the effect of climate change.


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