‘It brings light to what you really put into your body’: a focus group study of reactions to messages about nicotine reduction in cigarettes

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056312
Author(s):  
Hue Trong Duong ◽  
Emily E Loud ◽  
James F Thrasher ◽  
Katherine C Henderson ◽  
David L Ashley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
The Us ◽  
Virtual Focus Groups ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Proposed Regulation ◽  
Message Strategies ◽  
Nicotine Reduction

ObjectiveIn 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced a proposed regulation to lower nicotine in cigarettes to minimally addictive levels to help smokers quit. We sought to explore effective message strategies communicating about nicotine reduction in cigarettes across the different key audiences that the regulation is most likely to influence.MethodsWe designed four types of messages: efficacy messages, risk messages, a message about alternative sources of nicotine and a compensation message. Sixteen virtual focus groups were conducted in Atlanta and San Francisco in April–May 2020. Data were analysed in NVivo 12.0 using a thematic analysis approach.FindingsExclusive smokers were receptive to both efficacy messages and risk messages. Dual users were the only group that was open to resorting to alternative sources of nicotine. Former smokers were critical of these messages as promoting the new kinds of cigarettes and potentially encouraging initiation and relapse of smoking. Non-smokers felt that efficacy messages downplayed the risks of smoking and did not scare people away from smoking. Presenting information that very low nicotine cigarettes (VLNCs) still contain harmful chemicals made smokers question continued smoking in the absence of nicotine and view VLNCs as harmful.ConclusionsMessages communicating about nicotine reduction in cigarettes might help to motivate smokers to quit and can correct the misperceptions that VLNCs are less harmful. The FDA should consider specific target audiences and use different messages that complement each other in communicating about this regulation.

scholarly journals Development of a hybrid sleep and physical activity improvement intervention for adults with osteoarthritis-related pain and sleep disturbance: a focus group study with potential users

2021 ◽  
pp. 204946372110260
Author(s):  
Daniel Whibley ◽  
Kevin Stelfox ◽  
Alasdair L Henry ◽  
Nicole KY Tang ◽  
Anna L Kratz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Improvement Intervention

Objective: Suboptimal sleep and physical activity are common among people living with osteoarthritis (OA) and simultaneous improvements in both may have a beneficial impact on pain. This study aimed to gather perspectives of people living with OA on important aspects to incorporate in a hybrid sleep and physical activity improvement intervention for OA pain management. Design: Qualitative study using two rounds of two focus groups. Setting and participants: Focus groups were conducted with adults living with OA-related chronic pain and sleep disturbances. Eighteen people attended focus groups in January 2020 and, of these, 16 attended subsequent focus groups in February 2020. Methods: Discussion at the first round of focus groups informed generation of prototype intervention materials that were shared, discussed and refined at the second round of focus groups. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes and sub-themes from the data. Results: Three themes, each with three sub-themes, were identified: facilitators of engagement with the intervention (sub-themes: motivational language, accountability and education); barriers to engagement (sub-themes: suboptimal interaction with healthcare practitioners, recording behaviour as burdensome/disruptive and uncertainty about technique) and characteristics of a physical activity intervention component (sub-themes: tailored, sustainable and supported). Conclusion: We have identified important aspects to incorporate into the design and delivery of a hybrid sleep and physical activity improvement intervention for OA pain management. Insights will be incorporated into intervention materials and protocols, with feasibility and acceptability assessed in a future study.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Barriers to Physical Activity in Childhood and Adulthood Among Latinas

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosenda Murillo ◽  
Mariana Vazquez ◽  
Isabel Leal ◽  
Daphne Hernandez ◽  
Qian Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Individual Interview ◽  
Latina Women ◽  
The Us ◽  
Promotion Of Physical Activity ◽  
Barriers To Physical Activity

Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify perceptions and barriers to physical activity in childhood and adulthood among Latina adults. Methods: We conducted 3 focus groups, 2 dyadic interviews, and an individual interview using semi-structured interview guides with 23 Latina women aged 21-35. A thematic analysis approach employing inductive and deductive coding was utilized to code, categorize, and summarize data into themes. Results: The themes that emerged focused on: (1) physical activity is enjoyable; (2) family influenced physical activity; (3) different lifestyle in the US influenced physical activity; (4) physical activity is important for health; and (5) responsibilities (eg, work, caregiving) as barriers to physical activity in adulthood. Conclusions: Perceptions and barriers to physical activity experienced in both childhood and adulthood should be considered in the promotion of physical activity among Latinas.

scholarly journals The case for Pacific media reform to reflect island communities

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Kalafi Moala
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily News ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
The Us ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
The Media

"The largest number of Tongans outside of Tonga lives in the United States. It is estimated to be more than 70,000; most live in the San Francisco Bay Area. On several occasions during two visits to the US by my wife and I during 2004, we met workers who operate the only daily Tongan language radio programmes in San Francisco. Our organisation supplies the daily news broadcast for their programmes. Our newspapers— in the Tongan and Samoan languages— also sell in the area. The question of what are the fundamental roles of the media came up in one of our discussions..."

scholarly journals Family Matters: Claiming Rights across the US-Mexico Migratory System

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Maria Hagan ◽  
Ricardo Martinez-Schuldt ◽  
Alyssa Peavey ◽  
Deborah M. Weissman
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Child Support ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Family Separation ◽  
Return Migrants ◽  
The Us ◽  
Binational Families ◽  
Us Immigration ◽  
Family Unity

The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (INA) created an immigration system favoring the immigration of spouses, children, and parents of US citizens, thereby establishing family unity as the cornerstone of US immigration policy. Despite this historical emphasis on family unity, backlogs and limited visas for non-immediate relatives of US citizens and legal permanent residents, the militarization of the US-Mexico border, punitive measures for those who enter without inspection, such as the forced separation of children from their parents at the US border, and an aggressive policy of deportation have made it more difficult for members of Mexican binational families to unify. How do members of Mexican binational families manage the hardships that result from US immigration policies that prolong and force family separation? Immigrants and return migrants alike may not be aware of their rights and the legal remedies that exist to enforce them. Structural barriers such as poverty, legal status, fear of deportation, lack of proficiency in English, and lack of familiarity with government bureaucracies no doubt prevent many migrants in the United States and return migrants in Mexico from coming forward to request legal assistance and relief in the courts. Despite these barriers, when it comes to family matters, members of some Mexican binational families can and do assert their rights. In this article, we analyze an administrative database of the Department of Legal Protection of the Mexican consular network that documents migrant legal claims resulting from family separation, along with findings from 21 interviews with consular staff and community organizations in three consular jurisdictions — El Paso, Raleigh, and San Francisco — to investigate the sociolegal processes of claims. Our investigation centers on the mediating role the Mexican state — via its consular network — has developed to assist binational families as they attempt to assert their rights and resolve child support and child custody problems resulting from prolonged and forced family separation. We find that the resolution of binational family claims in part depends on the institutional infrastructure that has developed at local, state, and federal levels, along with the commitment and capacity of the receiving and sending states and the binational structures they establish. These binational structures transcend the limitations of national legal systems to achieve and implement family rights and obligations across borders.

Abstract P204: Tobacco Use And The AHA 2030 Impact Goals: A Simulation

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Levy ◽  
Sydney L Goldberg ◽  
Emily P Hyle ◽  
Krishna P Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The Us ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact

Background: The AHA’s 2030 Impact Goals seek to increase population health-adjusted life expectancy (LE) by 2y. Tobacco is a top contributor to all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We estimated the potential contribution of improved tobacco control to achieve the 2030 Impact Goals in the US. Methods: We used the validated STOP microsimulation model with NHIS estimates of age- and sex-stratified mortality and CVD incidence to project changes in LE, as well as 10y, 20y, and lifetime CVD cumulative incidence, if cigarette smoking declined among the current US population. We assessed the impact of preventing initiation (current v never smokers) or increasing cessation (current v former smokers) at different ages. To examine the maximum impact of population-wide cessation, we projected changes in population LE and CVD incidence if smoking prevalence among those ≥20yo went immediately to 0%. Results: Preventing smoking initiation increases LE by 10.2y (men [M]) and 9.1y (women [W]) and reduces lifetime CVD incidence by 16.8% (M) and 26.2% (W) compared to lifetime smoking. Even cessation at age 60 extends LE by 3.7y (M) and 2.5y (W) and reduces 10y CVD incidence by 39.1% (M) and 59.4% (W) (Table). Total elimination of cigarette smoking in the 2020 US population aged ≥20y (e.g. by outlawing cigarettes) would increase the cohort LE by 0.4 (M) and 0.2 (W) years and reduce 20y CVD incidence by 6.0% (M) and 7.0% (W). Conclusion: Preventing smoking initiation offers the greatest benefit, but cessation at any age substantially improves LE and reduces CVD risk. The modest potential contribution of tobacco elimination to achieving the 2030 Impact Goals is due to already low smoking prevalence: <14% (projected) in 2020.

scholarly journals My Trouble with Queer

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Roman Kuhar
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Queer Theory ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Gay Male ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Male Experience ◽  
Gay Movement

Gay Bosnians are struggling with the (US-based) concept of ‘coming out’. Homosexuality here is shameful and is only possible when it is secret, hidden, anonymous. My problem with queer theory and activism is not the theory itself. Indeed queer theory’s most important contribution is to disclose how the gay movement of the 1970s and 1980s only dealt with white gay male experience, thus centralising some identities and marginalising others. However my problem (or, to be more exact, my concern or maybe my own ignorance) is how to translate queer theory into the practice of everyday politics, especially in thepostwar areas of the former Yugoslavia. As yet, it seems that the (radical) US queer model does not translate well into those societies on the doorstep of the European Union (EU). Even so, as someone at the Queer Zagreb conference mentioned, New York and San Francisco are not the USA, which means that ‘queering’ in some other parts of the country would provoke similar hostile reactions, or, to put it differently, one can find Bosnia in many parts of the USA. The million-dollar question, therefore, is how to translate the queer sensibility of identities into policy papers and government resolutions.

American Evangelicals and Islam: Their Perspectives, Attitudes and Practices Towards Muslims in the US

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit A Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Outreach Ministry ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Us

In light of the increasing presence of Muslims in the US, this article elucidates the perspectives, attitudes and practices of American evangelicals towards Muslims in the US. The discussion is informed by data that were gathered through a qualitative study of 40 lay American evangelicals and four pastors, as well as through a focus group study of an evangelical outreach ministry among Muslims. Literature on religious diversity in the US forms the background within which the information drawn from the qualitative interviews and focus group study is discussed and analyzed. The respondents’ perspectives and attitudes towards Islam and Muslims in general are quite negative, as well as conflicted in that while the respondents claimed to be open to interacting and dialoguing with Muslims, their practices towards Muslims were often not so hospitable. This inhospitality was a result of a general fear of Islam and Muslims exhibited by the respondents.

Smoking, Smoking Cessation, And Smoking Relapse Patterns In The US: A Web-Based Survey Of Current And Former Smokers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Yeomans ◽  
Jeno P. Marton ◽  
Elizabeth Merikle ◽  
K J. Ishak ◽  
Irina Proskorovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Smoking Relapse ◽  
The Us ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Relapse Patterns

scholarly journals Adolescents’ Conceptualizations of Kindness and its Links with Well-being: A Focus Group Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Cotney ◽  
Robin Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Dispositional Factors

There has been a recent surge of interest from researchers, policy makers, and the general public in how kindness can promote well-being. Even though adolescence is a key period for the development of relevant value systems and mental health, little is known about adolescents’ understanding of kindness. Six focus groups were conducted with 11- to 15-year-olds, exploring their conceptualizations of kindness. Thematic analysis revealed a multifaceted understanding, identifying 10 different categories of kind behavior that are influenced by situational antecedents as well as specific self- and other-focused goals. Crucially, participants also identified a number of moderators including contextual and dispositional factors (e.g., features of social relationships, levels of empathy) that support and extend current theoretical frameworks. Responses from participants reinforced the idea that kindness contributes to well-being for the recipient and the giver. These findings have implications for the future design and efficacy of kindness-based well-being interventions for adolescents.

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