Visualization of pleural fissures in infants on computed tomography

PurposeFor infants with prenatally detected lung lesions, a chest CT is performed prior to surgery. The chest CT is performed as close to the surgery date as possible, because it is presumed that the visualization of lung fissures would be poor in the immediate neonatal setting. However, this presumption has never been formally studied. The purpose of this study is to assess differences in lung fissure visualization on chest CT in different infant age groups.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of clinically indicated chest CT approved by the institutional review board performed in infants of different ages. The visibility of pleural fissures was subjectively assessed by three pediatric radiologists who were blinded to age group.ResultsIn the 0–2 months age group, 80% of all fissure segments were visible versus 92% in the 5–6 months group (p=0.04) and 95% in the 7–9 months group (p=0.01).ConclusionsThe ability to visualize pleural fissures on CT increases with infant age. This observation should be taken into consideration when choosing the optimal timing of preoperative CT for asymptomatic congenital lung lesions.

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Correlation between age, sex, and severity of Coronavirus disease-19 based on chest computed tomography severity scoring system

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00408-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shimaa Farghaly ◽

Marwa Makboul

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Scoring System ◽

Fatal Outcome ◽

Age Groups ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Age Group ◽

Severity Scoring ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Severity Of The Disease

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most recent global health emergency; early diagnosis of COVID-19 is very important for rapid clinical interventions and patient isolation; chest computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in screening, diagnosis, and evaluating the progress of the disease. According to the results of different studies, due to high severity of the disease, clinicians should be aware of the different potential risk factors associated with the fatal outcome, so chest CT severity scoring system was designed for semi-quantitative assessment of the severity of lung disease in COVID-19 patients, ranking the pulmonary involvement on 25 points severity scale according to extent of lung abnormalities; this study aims to evaluate retrospectively the relationship between age and severity of COVID-19 in both sexes based on chest CT severity scoring system. Results Age group C (40–49 year) was the commonest age group that was affected by COVID-19 by 21.3%, while the least affected group was group F (≥ 70 years) by only 6.4%. As regards COVID-RADS classification, COVID-RADS-3 was the most commonly presented at both sexes in all different age groups. Total CT severity lung score had a positive strong significant correlation with the age of the patient (r = 0.64, P < 0.001). Also, a positive strong significant correlation was observed between CT severity lung score and age in both males and females (r = 0.59, P < 0.001) and (r = 0.69, P < 0.001) respectively. Conclusion We concluded that age can be considered as a significant risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 in both sexes. Also, CT can be used as a significant diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and evaluation of the progression and severity of the disease.

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Clinical and radiological imaging as prognostic predictors in COVID-19 patients

Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine ◽

10.1186/s43055-021-00470-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maha Ibrahim Metwally ◽

Mohammad Abd Alkhalik Basha ◽

Mohamed M. A. Zaitoun ◽

Housseini Mohamed Abdalla ◽

Hanaa Abu Elazayem Nofal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Old Age ◽

Fatal Outcome ◽

Age Groups ◽

Lower Lobe ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Age Group ◽

Significant Relation ◽

Ct Features

Abstract Background Since the announcement of COVID-19 as a pandemic infection, several studies have been performed to discuss the clinical picture, laboratory finding, and imaging features of this disease. The aim of this study is to demarcate the imaging features of novel coronavirus infected pneumonia (NCIP) in different age groups and outline the relation between radiological aspect, including CT severity, and clinical aspect, including age, oxygen saturation, and fatal outcome. We implemented a prospective observational study enrolled 299 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients (169 males and 130 females; age range = 2–91 years; mean age = 38.4 ± 17.2). All patients were submitted to chest CT with multi-planar reconstruction. The imaging features of NCIP in different age groups were described. The relations between CT severity and age, oxygen saturation, and fatal outcome were evaluated. Results The most predominant CT features were bilateral (75.4%), posterior (66.3%), pleural-based (93.5%), lower lobe involvement (89.8%), and ground-glass opacity (94.7%). ROC curve analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff age that was highly exposed to moderate and severe stages of NCIP was 38 years old (AUC = 0.77, p < 0.001). NCIP was noted in 42.6% below 40-year-old age group compared to 84% above 40-year-old age group. The CT severity was significantly related to age and fatal outcome (p < 0.001). Anterior, centrilobular, hilar, apical, and middle lobe involvements had a significant relation to below 90% oxygen saturation. A significant negative correlation was found between CT severity and oxygen saturation (r = − 0.49, p < 0.001). Crazy-paving pattern, anterior aspect, hilar, centrilobular involvement, and moderate and severe stages had a statistically significant relation to higher mortality. Conclusion The current study confirmed the value of CT as a prognostic predictor in NCIP through demonstration of the strong relation between CT severity and age, oxygen saturation, and the fatal outcome. In the era of COVID-19 pandemic, this study is considered to be an extension to other studies discussing chest CT features of COVID-19 in different age groups with demarcation of the relation of chest CT severity to different pattern and distribution of NCIP, age, oxygen saturation, and mortality rate.

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Endoscopic Visualization of the True Maxillary Ostium Following Uncinectomy

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319853260 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (6) ◽

pp. 384-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Omar H. Ahmed ◽

Marissa P. Lafer ◽

Ilana Bandler ◽

Elcin Zan ◽

Binhuan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Study Design ◽

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽

Nasolacrimal Duct ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Academic Hospital ◽

Preoperative Ct

Objectives: To examine the frequency in which angled endoscopes are necessary to visualize the true maxillary ostium (TMO) following uncinectomy and prior to maxillary antrostomy. Additionally, to identify preoperative computed tomography (CT) measures that predict need for an angled endoscope to visualize the TMO. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary academic hospital. Patients and Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) between December of 2017 and August of 2018 were retrospectively identified. Cases were reviewed if they were primary ESS cases for chronic rhinosinusitis without polyposis and if they were at least 18 years of age. Results: Sixty-three maxillary antrostomies were reviewed (82.5% were from bilateral cases). Thirty-five cases (55.6%) required an angled endoscope in order to visualize the TMO. Of the preoperative CT measures examined, a smaller sphenoid keel-caudal septum-nasolacrimal duct (SK-CS-NL) angle was significantly associated with need for an angled endoscope intraoperatively to visualize the TMO (17.1° SD ± 3.2 vs 15.0° SD ± 2.9; P = .010). Conclusion: Angled endoscopes are likely required in the majority of maxillary antrostomies to visualize the TMO. This is important to recognize in order to prevent iatrogenic recirculation. The SK-CS-NL angle may help to identify cases preoperatively which require an angled endoscope to identify the TMO during surgery.

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HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF LESIONS OF HYSTERECTOMY SPECIMENS IN GCS MEDICAL COLLEGE, HOSPITALAND RESEARCH CENTER, AHMEDABAD : A STUDY OF 100 CASES

10.36106/ijsr/2320116 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 80-82

Author(s):

Shweta Shah ◽

S.K. Suri ◽

Ami Shah

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Age Groups ◽

Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Medical College Hospital ◽

Research Centre ◽

Age Group ◽

Gynaecological Surgery ◽

College Hospital ◽

Medical College

Background: Most frequently performed gynaecological surgery is hysterectomy. The prevalence of hysterectomy varies within different regions. There are mainly two types of hysterectomies according to which part of uterus is removed. The main types of hysterectomy are total and subtotal or partial hysterectomy. The hysterectomy can be performed by three routes abdominal, laproscopic and vaginal hysterectomy. The main objective of our study is to know most common pathology and different age groups of the patients underwent hysterectomy. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study was carried during period 6 months, at GCS medical college, hospital and research centre, Ahmedabad. Total 100 hysterectomy specimens were analyzed for histopathological lesions. We had taken the clinical and histopathological findings of these cases from the records of department of pathology, GCS medical college , hospital and research centre. Results: In our study of 100 cases, most common age group underwent hysterectomy was 40-49 years and least common age group was 20-29 years. Type of hysterectomy performed most commonly in this study was total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy. Most of lesions were seen in the myometrium 42 cases (42%), Endometrium 32 cases (32%), Cervix 16 cases (16%) and Ovary 10 cases (10%). Hysterectomy remains the widely used treatment modality.

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Prevalence of COVID-19 Diagnostic Output with Chest Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10121023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1023

Author(s):

Temitope Emmanuel Komolafe ◽

John Agbo ◽

Ebenezer Obaloluwa Olaniyi ◽

Kayode Komolafe ◽

Xiaodong Yang

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Disease Prevalence ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

History Of

Background: The pooled prevalence of chest computed tomography (CT) abnormalities and other detailed analysis related to patients’ biodata like gender and different age groups have not been previously described for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), thus necessitating this study. Objectives: To perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of chest CT, common CT morphological abnormalities, disease prevalence, biodata information, and gender prevalence of patients. Methods: Studies were identified by searching PubMed and Science Direct libraries from 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2020. Pooled CT positive rate of COVID-19 and RT-PCR, CT-imaging features, history of exposure, and biodata information were estimated using the quality effect (QE) model. Results: Out of 36 studies included, the sensitivity was 89% (95% CI: 80–96%) and 98% (95% CI: 90–100%) for chest CT and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The pooled prevalence across lesion distribution were 72% (95% CI: 62–80%), 92% (95% CI: 84–97%) for lung lobe, 88% (95% CI: 81–93%) for patients with history of exposure, and 91% (95% CI: 85–96%) for patients with all categories of symptoms. Seventy-six percent (95% CI: 67–83%) had age distribution across four age groups, while the pooled prevalence was higher in the male with 54% (95% CI: 50–57%) and 46% (95% CI: 43–50%) in the female. Conclusions: The sensitivity of RT-PCR was higher than chest CT, and disease prevalence appears relatively higher in the elderly and males than children and females, respectively.

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Evaluation Of Clinical, Laboratory And Radiological Findings In Pediatric Covid-19 Cases And Their Relation With RT-PCR Result

10.22541/au.161248601.18537576/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammet Asena ◽

ilyas yolbaş ◽

murat Kanğın

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Pcr Test

Background: The pandemic of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to be a major health problem globally. In this study, clinical findings, radiological findings, laboratory findings and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results were evaluated according to age groups in pediatric patients with COVID-19. Methods: In this study, PCR (+) and PCR (-) 278 cases diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 15, 2020 and September 30, 2020 were assessed considering clinical symptoms, radiological and laboratory findings and RT-PCR test results. Results: 43.9% of the cases consisted of RT-PCR (+) and 56.1% of RT-PCR (-) cases. Fever was observed at the rate of 64.7%, cough 53.2%, respiratory distress 12.2%, myalgia 24.5%, diarrhea 12.9%, chest X-ray findings 48.2% and computed tomography findings 43.6%. Diarrhea and cough, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, leukocyte and lymphocyte elevation were determined as significantly higher in younger age group cases, while high myalgia and neutrophilia was observed in older age group children (p <0.05). Fever, high CRP, leukocytosis frequency, high neutrophil, were significantly higher in PCR(-) cases and the frequency of respiratory distress, high lymphocyte and chest computed tomography findings in PCR(+) cases (p <0.05). Conclusion: COVID-19 infection may indicate different nonspecific clinical, laboratory and radiological findings in children according to both adults and pediatric age groups. In addition, the results of the PCR test may give erroneous results in cases due to conditions such as fever, respiratory distress, high CRP, leukocytosis, high neutrophil and CT finding. Keywords: pediatric, COVID-19, RT-PCR

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Hydrocephalus

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi28.11-12.1988.255-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (11-12) ◽

pp. 255-8

Author(s):

Hadi Soekma Siregar ◽

Ridwan M. Daulay ◽

Lily Emsyah ◽

Bistok Saing

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Child Health ◽

Conservative Treatment ◽

Congenital Abnormalities ◽

Age Groups ◽

Health Department ◽

Medical Faculty ◽

Age Group ◽

Pediatric Neurology

A retrospective study had been done, to find out the incidence of hydrocephalus during 1984-1985 in the Pediatric Neurology Sub Division of the Child Health Department Medical Faculty University of North Sumatera/Pirngadi Hospital Medan. The number, age groups, causes and treatment were reviewed. The cases consist of 17 children, 9 males (52,09%) and 8 females (47,01%). Most of the patients 12 (70,58%) were found in the age group of 1 year or less, and the others 5 (29,42%) in the age group of more than 1 year. The youngest was 1 year of age and the oldest 3 1/2 years. Six cases were caused by congenital abnormalities, 1 case by meningitis and in 10 cases the probable cause was unknown. Conservative treatment had been given to all cases.

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Cervical cancer patients’ preferences and use of various cancer information sources in South Korea

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.16073 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 16073-16073

Author(s):

H. Noh ◽

M. Lee ◽

Y. Yun ◽

S. Park ◽

D. Bae ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

South Korea ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Information Sources ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Cancer Information ◽

Age Group ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Personal Accounts

16073 Background: Accessing appropriate facts is important in enabling cancer patients cope with the disease. This study focused on the utilization and preferences of cancer information sources by cervical cancer patients in terms of ease in receiving and searching the available data. Methods: The study included 830 women over the age of 18 years treated for cervical cancer at six hospitals in South Korea between 1983 and 2004. All the participants provided written informed consent, and the Institutional Review Board of the National Cancer Center approved the protocol. A questionnaire addressed the patients’ use of and preferences for sources and forms of cancer information. Data were collected by mail. Results: Television and/or the radio were the the most frequently cited sources of cancer information by the middle and oldest age groups: 45–64 years (52.0%), =65 years (47.3%), while patients in the youngest age group (<45 years) used the Internet (38.8%). Booklets and/or pamphlets (24.0%) were the source of cancer information preferred by the youngest age group, while patients in the middle and oldest age groups preferred TV/radio: 45–64 years (35.7%) and =65 years (55.0%). Life notes and/or experiences (43.2%), that is, personal accounts, comprised the most easily understood form of information regardless of age group. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that cervical cancer patients’ utilization of and preferences for sources of cancer information vary according to patient age. Tailored educational materials that consider the users’ age and condition should be customized to best fit their specific preferences. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Whirlpool sign of adnexal torsion on CT: where can we find it?

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/0284185119877336 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 714-720 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sung Il Jung ◽

Hee Sun Park ◽

Hae Jeong Jeon ◽

Mi Hye Yu ◽

Young Jun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Adnexal Mass ◽

Ct Imaging ◽

Adnexal Torsion ◽

Lateral Aspect ◽

Common Location ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Preoperative Ct ◽

Whirlpool Sign

Background Whirlpool sign on computed tomography (CT) is pathognomic of adnexal torsion. Purpose To evaluate the visibility and common location of the whirlpool sign in adnexal torsion on CT. Material and Methods This retrospective study included 143 consecutive patients who underwent preoperative CT imaging and subsequent surgically confirmed as adnexal torsion. Two readers independently recorded the presence and location of whirlpool sign in adnexal torsion on CT. Patients with and without whirlpool sign were compared with regard to the size of the adnexal mass and the degree of torsion. Results Whirlpool sign was detected in 60 (42.0%) patients on the transverse CT plane and 79 (55.2%) patients on the coronal CT plane of 143 patients. The sign was significantly better detected on the coronal CT plane than on the transverse CT plane ( P = 0.03). The most common location of the sign included the posterolateral aspect of the adnexal mass on the transverse CT plane (25/60, 41.7%, P = 0.04) and the upper-lateral aspect of the adnexal mass on the coronal CT plane (45/79, 60.0%, P < 0.001). The size of the adnexal mass with whirlpool sign was significantly larger than the mass without whirlpool sign on the transverse CT plane (median 9.6 vs. 8.6 cm, P = 0.03). No significant difference in the degree of torsion was found between patients with and without whirlpool sign on CT ( P = 0.56–0.62). Conclusion Whirlpool sign of adnexal torsion is well detected at the upper-lateral aspect of adnexal mass on the coronal CT plane.

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Mandibular Canal Location and Cortical Bone Thickness in Males and Females of Different Age Groups: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography Study

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.7397 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (A) ◽

pp. 1117-1122

Author(s):

Sherif Shafik El-Bahnasy ◽

Magdy Youakim ◽

Mohamed Shamel ◽

Hisham El Sheikh

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Age Groups ◽

Mandibular Canal ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Age Group ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Computed Tomography Scans ◽

The Mean

AIM: The purpose of the study was to measure and compare the prevalence of mandibular canal (MC) location variations in regard to mandibular first molars in both genders at different age groups. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 80 cone-beam computed tomography scans. Distance between MC and apical apices of first molars, buccal and lingual cortical plates was measured in both sides. RESULTS: 80 scans with 160 sides were analyzed. Distances was measured bilaterally for all scans with mean (5.22 ± 0.77) in men versus (4.1 ± 0.7) in women at group age 31–40 apical to apices of first molars. The mean was (3.77 ± 0.62) in men versus (2.81 ± 0.47) in women at same age group at buccal side, lingually the mean was (4.02 ± 0.67) in men versus (3.67 ± 0.26) in women in the same age group. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that there were decrease in measurements in older age group in both genders and in female groups more than male groups but with no statistical significant difference.

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